Composition and seasonal variation of spore populations of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in dune soils on the island of Santa Catarina, Brazil

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 359-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. L. Stürmer ◽  
M. M. Bellei
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Sand Dune ◽  
Sand Dunes ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Santa Catarina ◽  
Spore Abundance ◽  
Gigaspora Albida

A sand dune area in Santa Catarina, Brazil, was surveyed every 3 months to determine species composition and seasonal variation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi populations associated with Spartina ciliata. Spores from 12 fungal species were recovered. Overall species richness was 5.9. A plot of rank versus abundance provided an indirect measure of the structure of the fungal community and showed a linear relationship among species. A mean of 298 spores/100 g soil were extracted from sand dune samples, with Acaulospora scrobiculata forming 50.9% of the total population. The most frequently recovered species at all sampling dates were Gigaspora albida, Scutellospora weresubiae, A. scrobiculata, and one undescribed Scutellospora species. Spore abundance ranged from 0 to 69 spores/100 g soil for all species except A. scrobiculata (60–247 spores/100 g). Spore abundance of each species did not vary significantly through the season. However, several general trends were observed. The number of spores of Glomus constrictum, Glomus etunicatum, and Acaulospora sp. (No. 2) was maximal in winter, whereas that of Gigaspora albida peaked in spring. Species composition and richness of arbuscular fungi in Brazilian dunes appear to be similar to those in sand dunes along the Atlantic coast of the United States. Key words: arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, ecology, sand dunes, spore populations, Brazil.

scholarly journals Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (Glomeromycota) of the Vistula Bar

2014 ◽  
Vol 37 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 39-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janusz Błaszkowski ◽  
Iwona Adamska ◽  
Beata Czerniawska
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Sand Dunes ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Field Samples ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Dry Soil ◽  
Soil Mixtures ◽  
Plant Families

The occurrence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) of the, phylum <i>Glomeromycota</i> associated with plants of maritime sand dunes of the Vistula Bar localed in north-eastern Poland was investigated. The presence of AMF was revealed based on spores isolated from field-collected root-rhizosphere soil mixtures and two-cycle pot trap cultures established with parts of these mixtures. The mixtures came from under five species in four plant families. Spores of AMF occurred in 54.8% of the field samples and belonged to eight species. Additionally, culturing of root-soil mixtures in trap cultures revealed nine species and three undescribed morphotypes carlier not found in the field samples. Considering the number of records of species and morphotypes in the field samples and trap cultures, the fungal species most frequently occurring in dunes of the Vistula Bar is <i>Scutellospora dipurpurescens</i>, followed by <i>Archaeospora trappei, Glomus laccatum</i>, and <i>Scu. armeniaca</i>. The overall average spore abundance in the field samples is low (4.48, range O-3l in 100g dry soil). The ovcrall average species richness determined based on spores from both the field and trap cultures was 2 l and ranged from 0 lo 7 in 100g dry soil. The plant harbouring the highest number of species of AMF was <i>Festuca rubra</i>. Of the maritime dune sites of Poland examined to date, the species composition of AMF of the Vistula Bar is most similar to that of the Słowiński National Park. When the comparisons included 15 maritime dune areas located outside Poland, the highest similarity occurred in the Vistula Bar/Canada comparison.

scholarly journals NATIVE MICROBIOTA AND ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI ON GROWTH OF Paspalum millegrana SCHRAD

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 345-353
Author(s):  
JOHNY DE JESUS MENDONÇA ◽  
LARISSA DE SOUZA GOIS ◽  
JACILENE FRANCISCA SOUZA SANTOS ◽  
TAMIRIS APARECIDA DE CARVALHO SANTOS ◽  
FRANCISCO SANDRO RODRIGUES HOLANDA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Mycorrhizal Colonization ◽  
Volume Number ◽  
The Family ◽  
Symbiotic Fungi ◽  
Shoot Mass ◽  
Gigaspora Albida

ABSTRACT Paspalum millegrana grass is a member of the family Poaceae native to the Americas, whose interaction with native symbiotic fungi has not yet been reported. The objective of this study was to evaluate the interactions between the native microorganisms and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in the development of P. millegrana Schrad. The experimental design was completely randomized with seven treatments (control, without AMF; native microbial inoculant; native + UFLA05 Gigaspora albida; native + UFLA351 Rhizoglomus clarum; native + UFLA372 Claroideoglomus etunicatum; native + UFLA401 Acaulospora morrowiae, and a mix of all treatments). The substrate was autoclaved sand and coconut powder at 2:1, with eight repetitions. The variables analyzed were: mycorrhizal colonization, dark septate endophytic fungi colonization, number of mycorrhizal spores, dry shoot mass, dry root mass, root length and volume, number of tiller and mycorrhizal dependence. Mycorrhizal arbuscular fungi and dark septate endophytic fungi colonized P. millegrana. The sporulation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi associated with P. millegrana was influenced by mycorrhizal colonization, depending on the fungus-plant interaction. P. millegrana was responsive to native + UFLA05 and native + UFLA351. No correlation between tiller emergence and mycorrhizal colonization of P. millegrana was observed.

Mycorrhizal fungi associated with three species of turfgrass

1997 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 320-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Koske ◽  
J. N. Gemma ◽  
N. Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Creeping Bentgrass ◽  
Summer Drought ◽  
Putting Greens ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Annual Bluegrass ◽  
Spore Abundance ◽  
Amf Communities

Small plots of highly maintained turfs of creeping bentgrass (Agrostis palustris cv. Penncross) and velvet bentgrass (Agrostis canina cv. Kingstown) and a marginally maintained stand of annual bluegrass (Poa annua) were sampled intensively over a 15-month period to measure the populations of spores of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) associated with their root systems. Direct isolation of spores and trap cultures were used to assess the AMF communities. Spores of more than 18 species of AMF were isolated. The six dominant species (as measured by the abundance and frequency of occurrence of spores) were Acaulospora mellea, an undescribed species of Acaulospora, Scutellospora calospora, Glomus occultum, Glomus etunicatum, and Entrophospora infrequens. Spores of 17 species of AMF were recovered from the root zones of velvet bentgrass, 15 species from creeping bentgrass, and 14 from annual bluegrass. Soil fertility differed among the three sites, and it was not possible to ascribe differences in the AMF communities in each plot to any particular variable (e.g., host, pH, soil P). Average spore abundance was greatest in the creeping bentgrass plot (191.0 spores/100 mL), next in the velvet bentgrass plot (82.4 spores/100 mL), and least in the bluegrass plot (28.4 spores/100 mL). Spores were recovered from a significantly greater percentage of the samples from the bentgrass plots (88.5 – 96.8%) than from the bluegrass plot (76.6%). Spores of an average of 4.5 species of AMF were isolated monthly from creeping bentgrass, 3.3 from velvet bentgrass and 2.0 from bluegrass. Average species richness and spore abundance were positively correlated in the creeping bentgrass and bluegrass plots (r = 0.77, p = 0.001, and r = 0.68, p = 0.006), but not in the velvet bentgrass plot. Spore abundance showed strong seasonal trends in all three plots (p = 0.03 – 0.001), with numbers increasing from spring until November. Richness and abundance declined from December until the following spring. In the bluegrass area, which experienced summer drought, spore populations and richness also showed a precipitous decline in July and August in the 1st year of the study (1990), but not in the 2nd year (1991). No such summer decline occurred in the bentgrass plots that received irrigation. The AMF community that was circumscribed by direct spore counts from the field usually was highly dissimilar to the community that was estimated by trap cultures initiated using soil from the turf areas. Key words: annual bluegrass, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, creeping bentgrass, putting greens, turfgrass, velvet bentgrass.

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