Estimated Escapement of Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) for Maximum Smolt Production in Rivers of Different Productivity

1979 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip E. K. Symons
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Water Temperature ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Fishery Management ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
Egg Deposition ◽  
Average Maximum ◽  
Game Fish ◽  
Space Requirements

Smolt production at different egg deposition densities is estimated from data on survival rates and space requirements of juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) reported in the literature. Average maximum production of smolts is estimated to be approximately 5/100 m2 for 2+ smolts, 2/100 m2 for 3+ smolts, and 1/100 m2 for 4+ smolts. Minimum egg depositions recommended for production of these numbers of smolts are 220/100 m2, 165–220/100 m2, and 80/100 m2 for each age of smolts, respectively. The escapement of adults required to produce these depositions must be estimated from observed average weights of returning females and a reported fecundity of Atlantic salmon between 1650 and 1760 eggs/kg of female. With the exception of Ungava rivers, average smolt age in any particular river can be estimated from the number of days per year on which water temperature reaches or exceeds 7 °C. Key words: fishery resources, fishery management, production (biological), escapement, survival, game fish, freshwater fish, rivers

Effect of Sea-Age on the Reproductive Potential of Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) in Eastern Canada

1989 ◽  
Vol 46 (12) ◽  
pp. 2210-2218 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. Randall
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
Female Size ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Age Composition ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
Egg Deposition ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
Spawning Run

Reproductive potential of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), defined as average eggs per fish in the spawning run, varied three-fold both within stocks over time and among stocks from different geographic areas. Eggs per spawner is a function of fecundity, sea-age, proportion of females, and female size; the latter three traits varied significantly among years for salmon in both the Miramichi and Restigouche Rivers, New Brunswick. Because all of the above traits are related to sea-age at maturity, eggs per spawner was significantly correlated with mean sea-age in both rivers (R2 = 0.88 and 0.61, respectively). Among 10 different populations in eastern Canada, reproductive potential was also correlated with sea-age; for mean sea-ages (MSA) ranging from 1.0 to 1.8 yr, reproductive potential (RP) was defined by the power regression: RP = 1831.26 MSA1.30 (R2 = 0.64 P < 0.05). Thus reproductive potential can be estimated for any population for which the sea-age composition of spawners is known. Assuming a target egg deposition rate of 2.4 × 104 eggs per hectare, required spawners varied inversely with reproductive potential among the 10 populations, from five spawners (MSA = 1.75 yr) to 16 spawners (MSA = 1.15 yr) per hectare.

scholarly journals Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) smolt and early post-smolt migration and survival inferred from multi-year and multi-stock acoustic telemetry studies in the Gulf of St. Lawrence, northwest Atlantic

2018 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 1107-1121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gérald Chaput ◽  
Jonathan Carr ◽  
Jason Daniels ◽  
Steve Tinker ◽  
Ian Jonsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Fork Length ◽  
Probability Of Survival ◽  
Size Dependent ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Migration Dynamics

Abstract The migration dynamics and inter-annual variation in early at-sea survival of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) smolts over 14 years of study are reported for four river populations located in the Gulf of St. Lawrence (Canada). Acoustically tagged smolts were monitored at three points along their migration from freshwater to the Labrador Sea, a migration extending more than 800 km at sea and a period of 2 months. A hierarchical state-space version of the Cormack–Jolly–Seber model was used to estimate apparent survival rates from incomplete acoustic detections at key points. There was a positive size-dependent probability of survival through the freshwater and estuary areas; the odds of survival of a 16 cm smolt were 1.5–1.7 times higher than for a 13.5 cm smolt, length at tagging. Length adjusted (centred to the mean fork length of smolts during the study of 14.6 cm) survivals through the estuary and nearshore waters were estimated to range between 67 and 90% for the two river populations migrating through Chaleur Bay in contrast to lower survival estimates of 28–82% for the two populations from the neighbouring Miramichi Bay. Across the 14 years of study, survival estimates varied without trend for the populations of Chaleur Bay, but declined for the populations migrating through Miramichi Bay. Survival through the Gulf of St. Lawrence was variable but generally high among years and rivers, ranging from 96% day−1 to 99% day−1. Long term, replicated studies at multiple sites using acoustically tagged smolts can provide empirical data to examine hypotheses of the location and timing of factors contributing to smolt and post-smolt mortality of salmon at sea.

Manipulation of Reproductive Function in Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Kelts with Controlled Photoperiod and Temperature

1992 ◽  
Vol 49 (10) ◽  
pp. 2055-2061 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. E. Johnston ◽  
M. J. Hambrook ◽  
R. W. Gray ◽  
K. G. Davidson
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Water Temperature ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Spring Water ◽  
Egg Development ◽  
Lower Survival ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
Photoperiod Regime

Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) kelts exposed to a regime of two 6-mo seasonally accelerated light increases and decreases (2CP) in 1989 spawned in the spring of 1990 when water temperatures were above 7 °C during the winter months. Kelts exposed to water temperatures below 4 °C during the same period failed to spawn in the spring. Exposure of the nonspawning 2CP kelts to warmer water temperatures in the summer of 1990 stimulated egg development and ovulation by 17 October 1990. Kelts exposed to a simulated natural 12-mo photoperiod regime also spawned at this time. Eggs and sperm from kelts spawned in the spring were viable. Spring-spawned eggs fertilized with fresh sperm had lower survival levels to the eyed-egg stage or to hatch than did eggs from wild fall-spawned stocks. Kelts entrained to spawn in the spring with 2CP photocycles were manipulated to spawn again in the spring of the next year following exposure to a time-shifted photoperiod and elevated winter/spring water temperature.

Stock-Recruitment Relationship for Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) in Newfoundland Rivers

1982 ◽  
Vol 39 (11) ◽  
pp. 1496-1501 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. M. P. Chadwick
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Winter Temperature ◽  
Supportive Evidence ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
Egg Deposition ◽  
Class Strength ◽  
Stock Recruitment ◽  
Indian River

A stock-recruitment relationship was developed for Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) in Western Arm Brook, a small Newfoundland river. Supportive evidence was also found on Indian and Little Codroy, two other Newfoundland rivers. On Western Arm Brook, year-class strength of smolts was correlated (P < 0.01) with egg deposition. On Little Codroy River, smolt year-class strength was correlated (P < 0.01) with potential egg deposition of adults counted as kelt. On Indian River egg to fry survival was correlated (P < 0.01) with winter temperature and discharge. On the basis of these findings, the current recommended egg deposition of 2.4 eggs∙m−2 of parr-rearing habitat was considered inadequate for Newfoundland rivers.Key words: stock-recruitment, Atlantic salmon

scholarly journals Interannual changes in recruitment of the Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) population in the River Oir (Lower Normandy, France): relationships with spawners and in-stream habitat

2005 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 695-707 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Luc Baglinière ◽  
Frédéric Marchand ◽  
Vincent Vauclin
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Stream Habitat ◽  
Juvenile Salmon ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
Salmon Population ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Since 1985, the dynamics of the Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) population in the River Oir, a spawning tributary of the River Sélune (Lower Normandy, France), have been studied from a data set of parr density and the number and the age structure of migrating fish (smolts and adults). Parr densities (1.5–17.4 per 100 m2) and smolt production (0.25–9.2 per 100 m2) varied considerably from year to year. Migrating juveniles were mainly 1 year old. Abundance of parr and smolts was strongly correlated with 0+ densities. Egg-to-smolt survival rates were highly variable year on year (0.044–1.07%). During the juvenile freshwater phase, mortality was highest between the egg and the 0+ stage (97.5–99.9%). The fluctuations in abundance of juvenile salmon appear to be linked to the number and distribution of spawners within the stream during spawning, and also to the amount of silt deposition on the spawning beds. As a result, mortality was highest during the under-gravel phase, and the mean survival rate from egg to smolt was much lower than in rivers less impacted by human activities. Therefore, during the study period, the low production of smolts during some years might lead to a low renewal rate of the salmon population.

Phytosterols are not involved in the development of fatty liver in plant oil fed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) at high or low water temperature

Aquaculture ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 480 ◽  
pp. 123-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nini H. Sissener ◽  
Nina S. Liland ◽  
Elisabeth Holen ◽  
Ingunn Stubhaug ◽  
Bente E. Torstensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Water Temperature ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Plant Oil ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document