Mysis relicta Assimilation of Hexachlorobiphenyl from Sediments

1991 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 284-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Val Klump ◽  
Jerry L. Kaster ◽  
Michael E. Sierszen
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Vertical Migration ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Migration Behavior ◽  
Fecal Material ◽  
Selective Feeding ◽  
Deep Lakes ◽  
Mysis Relicta ◽  
Pelagic Environment ◽  
Important Pathway

Assimilation and retention of a PCB congener, 2,4,5,2′,4′,5′-hexachlorobiphenyl (HCBP), by the oppossum shrimp, Mysis relicta, was followed during sediment ingestion and defecation using a 14C label. Uptake was rapid and essentially linear, with mysids reaching a [14C]HCBP specific activity equivalent to that in the labeled sediment within 2 wk. Assimilation efficiencies calculated from the relative depletion of the label in the fecal material averaged 53% (±7%). Sediment ingestion rates calculated from the activity required to supply the label retained were approximately 1 mg∙mysid−1∙d−1, in agreement with published estimates. The distribution of HCBP as a function of particle size indicates that particle-size selective feeding by detritivores can have a significant effect on calculated assimilation efficiencies. Given the vertical migration behavior of M. relicta, sediment ingestion is a potentially important pathway for the reintroduction of sediment-associated contaminants into the pelagic environment of deep lakes.

Acoustic Analysis of Diel Vertical Migration Behavior of Mysis relicta and Kokanee (Oncorhynchus nerka) within Okanagan Lake, British Columbia

1991 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Levy
Keyword(s):  
Water Column ◽  
Vertical Migration ◽  
Diel Vertical Migration ◽  
Acoustic Analysis ◽  
Oncorhynchus Nerka ◽  
Target Strength ◽  
Migration Behavior ◽  
Mysis Relicta ◽  
Dual Beam ◽  
Diel Vertical Migrations

Dual-beam acoustic surveys of Okanagan Lake suggested active diel vertical migrations of Mysis relicta and kokanee (Oncorhynchus nerka) within the pelagic zone. Mysis relicta were situated between 90–150 m during the day and migrated upwards into the thermocline region of the water column at night. Two groups of kokanee targets were detected. The first undertook a diel vertical migration and coalesced at dusk with a second, shallow-oriented group of targets. Daytime target strength estimates taken while the two groups were vertically segregated in the water column suggested an 8–12 db lower target strength of the deeper group. The results provide acoustic evidence for a smaller body size in the deeper group and the occurrence of an ontogenetic shift in diel migratory behavior of kokanee within Okanagan Lake. Diel comparisons of depth distribution suggested spatial segregation of Mysis and kokanee over much of the diel cycle.

The effects of temperature and predator-prey interactions on the migration behavior and vertical distribution of Mysis relicta

2007 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 1599-1613 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brent T. Boscarino ◽  
Lars G. Rudstam ◽  
Shylene Mata ◽  
Gideon Gal ◽  
Ora E. Johannsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Distribution ◽  
Migration Behavior ◽  
Mysis Relicta ◽  
Predator Prey ◽  
Effects Of Temperature

Light and diel vertical migration: spectral sensitivity and light avoidance by Mysis relicta

1999 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 311-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gideon Gal ◽  
Ellis R Loew ◽  
Lars G Rudstam ◽  
Ali M Mohammadian
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Vertical Migration ◽  
Diel Vertical Migration ◽  
Spectral Characteristics ◽  
Human Vision ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
Ambient Light ◽  
Mysis Relicta ◽  
Light Levels ◽  
Cayuga Lake

Ambient light levels determine the extent of diel vertical migration of many species including mysid shrimps. Light levels perceived by an organism depend on the intensity of light at the surface, the extinction of light through the water, and the sensitivity of the organism's light receptors. Each of these processes has spectral characteristics that should be taken into account when measuring perceived light levels. We used microspectrophotometry to determine that Mysis relicta has a single pigment with the characteristics of rhodopsin based on vitamin A1 and a peak sensitivity of 520 nm. Similar to the use of the lux (scaled to human vision), we give ambient light levels scaled to the mysid's visual spectrum in mylux units. Mysid distributions were observed with acoustics around two artificial light sources in Cayuga Lake, New York. Mysids avoided light levels of 3.4 × 10-7 to 2.1 × 10-6 mylux. Similar light levels limited their vertical distributions during the night in Lake Ontario and during the day in Cayuga Lake. Of standard light sensors available, lux meters are more appropriate than photosynthetically active radiation meters for determining light levels perceived by mysids.

Seasonal changes in the diel vertical migration of Chaoborus punctipennis larval instars

2014 ◽  
Vol 71 (5) ◽  
pp. 665-674 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren Emily Barth ◽  
W. Gary Sprules ◽  
Mathew Wells ◽  
Melissa Coman
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Migration ◽  
Diel Vertical Migration ◽  
Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler ◽  
Acoustic Backscatter ◽  
Migration Behavior ◽  
Larval Instars ◽  
Reverse Migration ◽  
Coregonus Artedi ◽  
Chaoborus Punctipennis ◽  
Current Profiler

We describe a novel seasonal shift in the vertical migration behavior of Chaoborus punctipennis second-instar larvae in Lake Opeongo, Ontario. An upward-looking 600 kHz acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) moored at a fixed 22 m station in the lake recorded acoustic backscatter continuously during the study period. Zooplankton samples collected indicated that the abundance of C. punctipennis larval instars accounted for the greatest proportion of variance in the linear backscatter from the ADCP. The large fourth-instar larvae underwent normal diel vertical migration throughout the study. Smaller second-instar larvae underwent reverse migration during late June but switched to normal migration by late July. The acoustic record indicates that the switch occurred over a few days around late June, and at this time a double vertical migration appeared with the second instars leading and following the migration of fourth instars. We speculate that these changes in the migration of second instars are driven by seasonal shifts in predation risk from larval cisco (Coregonus artedi) and by the need to minimize spatial overlap with the larger fourth instars.

scholarly journals Diel vertical migration behavior of Calanus finmarchicus and its influence on right and sei whale occurrence

2011 ◽  
Vol 423 ◽  
pp. 167-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
MF Baumgartner ◽  
NSJ Lysiak ◽  
C Schuman ◽  
J Urban-Rich ◽  
FW Wenzel
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Migration ◽  
Diel Vertical Migration ◽  
Calanus Finmarchicus ◽  
Migration Behavior

Search for surface structural effects in electrocatalysis. II. Platinized platinum electrodes

1973 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 2587 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Biegler
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Platinum Electrodes ◽  
Reversible Hydrogen Electrode ◽  
Small Particle Size ◽  
Structural Effects ◽  
Hydrogen Atoms ◽  
Hydrogen Electrode ◽  
Platinized Platinum ◽  
Adsorptive Properties

The adsorptive properties of platinized electrodes, as indicated by cyclic voltammetry, depended on the potential of platinum electrodeposition. Electrodes deposited above 0.05 V v. reversible hydrogen electrode were similar to smooth platinum, while those deposited at negative potentials showed anomalous behaviour, particularly with regard to hydrogen sorption. Measurements with such electrodes over a range of sweep rates showed slow sorption of about two hydrogen atoms in excess of the usual fast adsorption of one hydrogen atom per surface platinum atom. Freshly electrodeposited platinum had a specific activity for methanol oxidation of one-quarter to one-half that of smooth platinum. The lower activity was attributed to the effects of disordered surface structure and/or small particle size. Anodic-cathodic cycling produced surface recrystallization and activities close to that for smooth platinum.

Oxygen consumption during simulated vertical migration in Mysis relicta (Crustacea, Mysidacea)

1976 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 377-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. Foulds ◽  
J. C. Roff
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Swimming Speed ◽  
Vertical Migration ◽  
Lake Ontario ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Mysis Relicta ◽  
Migration Rates ◽  
Beat Rate ◽  
External Salinity

When Mysis relicta was induced to swim at speeds of 1.0 and 1.6 cm/s, which are similar to observed vertical migration rates in Lake Ontario, there was no significant (P <.05) increase in oxygen consumption over the 'routine' rate of 5.28 μg oxygen per animal per hour for a 5-mg animal (dry weight). At higher swimming speeds (2.1 to 3.6 cm/s) an increase in oxygen consumption to 1.2 times the 'routine' rate was demonstrated. Exopodite beat rate increased from 3.7 cycles per second under 'routine' conditions to 5.3 cycles per second al a swimming speed of 3.6 cm/s. Increased external salinity under 'routine' conditions resulted in decreased rates of oxygen consumption from 5.28 μg oxygen per animal per hour at 0‰, to 3.28 μg oxygen per animal per hour at 15‰ for a 5-mg animal. At 25‰ and 30‰, oxygen consumption remained about the same as at 15‰. The results add further support to earlier theories that postulate a negligible "cost" for vertical migration.

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