Factors associated with interannual and intraannual variation in nutrient limitation of phytoplankton growth in Castle Lake, California

1995 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. Elser ◽  
F. S. Lubnow ◽  
E. R. Marzolf ◽  
M. T. Brett ◽  
G. Dion ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zooplankton Community ◽  
N:P Ratio ◽  
Phytoplankton Growth ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Data Set ◽  
P Limitation ◽  
N:P Ratios ◽  
Diacyclops Thomasi ◽  
Castle Lake ◽  
Daphnia Rosea

In a 3-year study of Castle Lake, California, potential nutrient (N,P) limitation of phytoplankton growth occurred rapidly (within 1–4 d of ice-out). Both N and P acted as potential limiting factors to phytoplankton growth in short-term (4–5 d) bioassays. Phytoplankton responded strongly to single additions of N or P in 1990 and 1992 but weakly so in 1991. This difference was associated with low inorganic N concentrations during spring 1991. In 1990 and 1991, variation of the primary limiting element correlated with the N:P ratio of the zooplankton community; phytoplankton tended to be N limited when the zooplankton was dominated by species with high N:P ratios (Diaptomus novamexicanus and Diacyclops thomasi: N:P ratios, by mass = 10.6–12.5) but limited by P when low N:P taxa (Daphnia rosea, N:P = 4.7) dominated. However, N vs. P limitation and zooplankton elemental data for 1992 did not fit the 1990–1991 pattern and there was no correlation for the 3-year data set. A field experiment demonstrated that the inorganic N:P ratio (NH4/SRP) increased dramatically with elevated Daphnia grazing but declined significantly with increased Diaptomus; this supported the 1990–1991 correlation between phytoplankton N/P limitation status and zooplankton community elemental ratio.

The resorption of phosphorus is greater than that of nitrogen in senescing leaves of vascular epiphytes from lowland Panama

2004 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 693-696 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerhard Zotz
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Tropical Forests ◽  
N:P Ratio ◽  
Nutrient Ratios ◽  
Vascular Epiphytes ◽  
Mature Leaves ◽  
P Limitation ◽  
N:P Ratios ◽  
Epiphyte Species ◽  
Nutrient Relations

The epiphytic habitat is assumed to be nutrient deficient, although this generally held notion is based almost completely on circumstantial evidence (Zotz & Hietz 2001). Most studies on the nutrient relations of vascular epiphytes focus on nitrogen (Bergstrom & Tweedie 1998, Hietz & Wanek 2003, Stewart et al. 1995). Although nitrogen plays a key role in limiting plant growth worldwide, there is an on-going discussion whether nitrogen or rather phosphorus are more limiting in many tropical forests (Grubb 1989, Harrington et al. 2001, Vitousek & Howarth 1991). To identify which nutritional factor is most limiting for plant growth, nutrient ratios have been proposed as a very useful tool (Koerselman & Meuleman 1996). These authors stated that N:P ratios exceeding 16 are indicative of P limitation, while an N:P ratio <14 suggests N limitation. Some reports of such ratios in the epiphyte literature indicate that phosphorus may indeed be limiting for epiphytes in tropical forests. For example, the N:P ratio of two field-grown bromeliads (Tillandsia circinnata and T. usneoides) decreased dramatically from 23.6 and 40.4, respectively, to 3.6 and 3.4, respectively, when fertilized with both N and P in the laboratory (Benzing & Renfrow 1974a). On the other hand, however, the average N:P ratios of mature leaves of 41 epiphyte species compiled from a number of papers did not appear particularly high (12.1±10.5, cf. Zotz & Hietz 2001).

Effects of limiting nutrients and N:P ratios on the phytoplankton growth in a shallow hypertrophic reservoir

Hydrobiologia ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 581 (1) ◽  
pp. 255-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ho-Sub Kim ◽  
Soon-Jin Hwang ◽  
Jae-Ki Shin ◽  
Kwang-Guk An ◽  
Chun Gyeong Yoon
Keyword(s):  
Phytoplankton Growth ◽  
N:P Ratios ◽  
Limiting Nutrients ◽  
Hypertrophic Reservoir

scholarly journals Short-scale temporal variability of physical, biological and biogeochemical processes in the NW Mediterranean Sea: an introduction

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 453-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Andersen ◽  
M. Goutx ◽  
L. Prieur ◽  
J. R. Dolan
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Temporal Variability ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Special Section ◽  
Zooplankton Community ◽  
Western Mediterranean ◽  
Trophic Levels ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Nw Mediterranean ◽  
Nw Mediterranean Sea

Abstract. In the framework of the PROOF-PECHE project (http://www.obs-vlfr.fr/proof/vt/op/ec/peche/pec.htm) a multi-disciplinary team performed experiments and collected samples during the DYNAPROC 2 cruise aboard the RV Thalassa from September to October in 2004. The cruise provided data on the functioning of the pelagic food web by sampling over a month long period in the NW Mediterranean Sea at a fixed station subject to weak horizontal advection currents during a period of hydrological stability. This paper describes the background of the cruise and provides an overview of the results derived from the campaign which constitute the special section. The major objective of the cruise was to assess the relative importance and variability of the pathways of carbon in the open ocean. Intensive sampling through 4 periods of 5 days each was accomplished at a site near the DYFAMED time-series site. The site was near stable in terms of hydrodynamics as there was some evidence of an intrusion of low-salinity coastal water. The cruise yielded a comprehensive data set acquired by sampling over a vertical spatial dimension (0–1000 m) and at high frequencies (ranging from every 3, 6, 12 and/or 24 h), unique for the summer to autumn transition in the North Western Mediterranean. Parameters investigated included the biochemical composition of dissolved organic matter (lipids), and the structure of bacterial communities, phytoplankton and zooplankton community compositions and abundances, as well as zooplankton metabolism, and particulate organic carbon fluxes. Nearly all the parameters described in this section, as well as reports appearing elsewhere, showed time-course variabilities of similar magnitude to those known from a previous study of the spring-summer seasonal transition, a period of marked hydrological change, at the same study site. Remarkably, the least variable characteristic of the system appeared to be the identities of the dominant taxa across several trophic levels (copepods, phytoplankton, ciliates, and bacteria) throughout the study period despite large shifts in stock sizes and fluxes. Thus, the studies of DYNAPROC 2 documented considerable temporal variability of stocks and rates in a system which was, from a hydrological and taxonomic point of view, relatively stable.

Golden Shiner (Notemigonus crysoleucas) Population Abundance Correlations with Food and Predators

1989 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 810-817 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark R. S. Johannes ◽  
Donald J. McQueen ◽  
Tom J. Stewart ◽  
John R. Post
Keyword(s):  
Zooplankton Community ◽  
Zooplankton Abundance ◽  
Predator Density ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Zooplankton Community Structure ◽  
Piscivorous Fish ◽  
Golden Shiner ◽  
Stock Recruitment ◽  
Young Of The Year ◽  
Notemigonus Crysoleucas

A winterkill at Lake St. George, Ontario eliminated most of the piscivorous fish and some of the planktivores and also influenced zooplankton community structure. This disturbance and the subsequent recovery of the populations provided the opportunity to evaluate potential impacts of food and predators on the population structure and abundance of the dominant planktivore; the golden shiner (Notemigonus crysoleucas). interpretation of the 8-yr data set suggested that there was a positive relationship between adult golden shiner condition and zooplankton abundance, but that this did not translate into a significant stock–recruitment relationship between female numbers and young-of-the-year (YOY) recruitment. Also, there was no significant relationship between golden shiner survival and zooplankton abundance. However, there were significant negative correlations between YOY and adult golden shiner survival estimates and predator abundances. We conclude that at Lake St. George, golden shiner recruitment and population density is strongly influenced by predator density and is not influenced by food abundance.

scholarly journals Short-scale temporal variability of physical, biological and biogeochemical processes in the NW Mediterranean Sea: an introduction

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 5233-5251 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Andersen ◽  
M. Goutx ◽  
L. Prieur ◽  
J. R. Dolan
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Special Section ◽  
Zooplankton Community ◽  
Spatial Dimension ◽  
Western Mediterranean ◽  
Major Product ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Nw Mediterranean ◽  
Nw Mediterranean Sea

Abstract. In the framework of the PROOF-PECHE project (www.obs-vlfr.fr/proof/vt/op/ec/peche/pec.htm) a multi-disciplinary team performed experiments and collected samples during the DYNAPROC2 cruise aboard the RV Thalassa from September to October in 2004. The cruise provided data on the functioning of the pelagic food web by sampling over a month long period in the NW Mediterranean Sea at a fixed station subject to weak horizontal advection currents during a period of hydrological stability. This paper describes the background of the cruise and provides an overview of the results derived from the campaign which constitute the special section. The major objective of the cruise was to assess the relative importance and variability of the pathways of carbon in the open ocean. Intensive sampling through 4 periods of 5 days each was accomplished a site near the DYFAMED time-series site. The site was near stable in terms of hydrodynamics as there was some evidence of an intrusion of low-salinity coastal water. One major product of the cruise was a comprehensive data set data set acquired by sampling at high frequencies (ranging from every 3, 6, 12 and/or 24 h) and over a vertical spatial dimension so far never explored (0–1000 m) in the North Western Mediterranean Sea. Parameters investigated included the biochemical composition of DOM (lipids), and the structure of bacterial communities, phytoplankton and zooplankton community compositions and abundances, as well as zooplankton metabolism, and particulate organic carbon fluxes. Nearly all the parameters described in this section, as well as reports appearing elsewhere, showed time-course variabilities of similar magnitude to those known from a previous study of the spring-summer seasonal transition, a period of marked hydrological change, at the same study site.

Zooplankton Seasonal Dynamics and Community Structure in Severn Sound, Lake Huron

1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 673-692
Author(s):  
A.F. Gemza
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Zooplankton Community ◽  
Zooplankton Biomass ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Total Zooplankton ◽  
Fish Community Structure ◽  
Calanoid Copepods ◽  
Diacyclops Thomasi ◽  
Annual Means ◽  
Total Zooplankton Biomass

Abstract The limnetic zooplankton of Severn Sound, a eutrophic embayment, were studied between 1978 and 1989. Forty-one species of zooplankton were identified from samples collected in the sound. Total zooplankton biomass ranged seasonally from a minimum of 3.9 mg/m3 at less eutrophic stations to over 1,625 mg/m3 at the most eutrophic sites. Annual means ranged from 38 to 373 mg/m3. At the most eutrophic sites the zooplankton community was dominated by the cladoceran Bosmina longirostris. Cyclopoid and calanoid copepods increased in dominance as conditions approached mesotrophy. Calanoid copepods were insignificant contributors at the eutrophic sites, averaging less than 3% of the total zooplankton biomass. Total zooplankton biomass declined with distance from shore and phosphorus point sources as conditions became less eutrophic. Significant empirical relationships (r&gt;0.79) were measured between zooplankton biomass and total phosphorus and phytoplankton biovolume. Densities of several species, Eubosmina coregoni, Daphnia retrocurva and Diacyclops thomasi declined by over 50% during the 11-year period of study and may be related to a shift in fish community structure.

scholarly journals Effects of limiting nutrients and N:P ratios on the phytoplankton growth in a shallow hypertrophic reservoir

Hydrobiologia ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 589 (1) ◽  
pp. 317-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ho-Sub Kim ◽  
Soon-Jin Hwang ◽  
Jae-Ki Shin ◽  
Kwang-Guk An ◽  
Chun Gyeong Yoon
Keyword(s):  
Phytoplankton Growth ◽  
N:P Ratios ◽  
Limiting Nutrients ◽  
Hypertrophic Reservoir

Effects of nitrogen on growth and carbohydrate formation in Porphyridium cruentum

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Razaghi ◽  
Anna Godhe ◽  
Eva Albers
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Availability ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
Algal Growth ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
N:P Ratio ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
Porphyridium Cruentum ◽  
Total Carbohydrate ◽  
Redfield Ratio ◽  
N:P Ratios

AbstractThe microalga Porphyridium cruentum (Rhodophyta) has several industrial and pharmaceutical uses, especially for its polysaccharide production. This study aimed to investigate the influence of nitrogen levels as reflected by altered N:P ratios on the production and content of biomass and carbohydrate. N:P molar ratios were altered in batch cultures to range from 1.6 to 50 using the Redfield ratio of 1:16 as reference. Algal growth (estimated as final cell number, biomass concentration and maximum specific growth rate) was negatively affected at low N:P ratios. The optimal N:P ratio for growth was identified at 35–50, with specific growth rates of 0.19 day−1 and maximum cell concentrations of 59·108 cells L−1 and 1.2 g dry weight of biomass L−1. In addition, variation in cell size was seen. Cells with larger diameters were at higher N:P ratios and smaller cells at lower ratios. The cellular carbohydrate content increased under reduced nitrogen availability. However, because accumulation was moderate at the lowest N:P ratio, 0.4 g per g dry weight biomass compared to 0.24 at the Redfield ratio of 16:1, conditions for increased total carbohydrate formation were identified at the N:P ratios optimal for growth. Additionally, carbohydrates were largely accumulated in late exponential to stationary phase.

scholarly journals Absolute values only show part of the whole: Evidence of P limitation in legumes in the CFR from N:P ratios

2009 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 432
Author(s):  
G. Duckworth ◽  
S.B.M. Chimphango
Keyword(s):  
P Limitation ◽  
N:P Ratios
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