Organic contaminants in submersed macrophytes drifting in the Detroit River

1997 ◽  
Vol 54 (10) ◽  
pp. 2417-2427 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Lovett-Doust ◽  
L Lovett-Doust ◽  
M Biernacki ◽  
T K Mal ◽  
R Lazar
Keyword(s):  
Organic Contaminants ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Terrestrial Plants ◽  
Plant Debris ◽  
Western Basin ◽  
Submersed Macrophytes ◽  
Detroit River ◽  
Significant Burden ◽  
Aquatic Food ◽  
Time Of Year

Macrophytes drifting in the Detroit River were sampled and analysed for contaminants at monthly intervals from September 1990 to September 1991. Twelve species of submersed macrophytes were identified, as well as algae and leaves of terrestrial plants. Drifting plant debris was greatest in August-September, when Potamogeton spp. and Najas sp. predominated. Over the study period, a total of 60.57 times 106 kg fresh mass (3.0285 times 106 kg ash-free dry mass) of plant debris drifted out of Lake St. Clair into the Detroit River annually. Organochlorine content differed between plant taxa and according to the time of year. Annual contaminant burden of the Detroit River by upriver contributions was carried mostly by Potamogeton spp. and Najas sp. Total annual load of organochlorines in drifting plant debris was estimated to be 155 g, including 124 g of PCBs. These bioavailable contaminants may enter the detrital compartment of aquatic food webs, following plant senescence, or may be taken up directly by herbivores. Contaminants associated with plant debris drifting from Lake St. Clair and the Detroit River contribute a significant burden of bioavailable organic contaminants to the western basin of Lake Erie.

Organic Contaminants in Sediments from the Trenton Channel of the Detroit River, Michigan

1988 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 489-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward T. Furlong ◽  
Donna S. Carter ◽  
Ronald A. Hites
Keyword(s):  
Organic Contaminants ◽  
Detroit River

A bioarchaeological study of a Western Basin tradition cemetery on the Detroit River

2010 ◽  
Vol 37 (9) ◽  
pp. 2245-2254 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Dewar ◽  
J.K. Ginter ◽  
B.A.S. Shook ◽  
N. Ferris ◽  
H. Henderson
Keyword(s):  
Western Basin ◽  
Detroit River

Development of extraction procedures for the analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and organochlorine pesticides in municipal sewage sludge

2004 ◽  
Vol 50 (9) ◽  
pp. 137-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
U.K. Ahmad ◽  
Z. Ujang ◽  
C.H. Woon ◽  
S. Indran ◽  
M.N. Mian
Keyword(s):  
Organic Contaminants ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Subcritical Water ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Soxhlet Extraction ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Land Application ◽  
Municipal Sewage ◽  
Municipal Sewage Sludge ◽  
Subcritical Water Extraction

Land application of sludge as fertilizers is a way of disposal and recycling of sludge. However, public concern has arisen due to the fact that organic contaminants in sludge may ultimately enter the food chain. Hence the need arises to analyse the organic contaminants such as PAHs and OCPs in sludge. In this study, Soxhlet was utilised as the extraction method and the extracts subjected to extensive cleanup via either silica columns or solid phase extraction cartridges prior to analysis using gas chromatography or high performance liquid chromatography. Sludge samples were collected from the drying beds of oxidation ponds in three locations in South Johore. OCPs such as heptachlor, dieldrin and pp-DDT were detected in low amounts (52-159 mg/kg) whereas PAHs such as naphthalene, phenanthrene, fluoranthene and benzo(a)pyrene were detected in the range of 0.2-5.5 mg/kg dry mass. Subcritical water extraction (SWE) recovery studies of PAHs were also performed from spiked sludge samples. Although a recovery range of 41-68% was obtained using the SWE method, the results indicated the usefulness of the technique as an alternative to Soxhlet extraction for the analysis of PAHs in sludge samples.

Distribution of Toxic Organic Contaminants in Water and Sediments in the Detroit River

2000 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tracy L. Metcalfe ◽  
Chris D. Metcalfe ◽  
Erin R. Bennett ◽  
G. Douglas Haffner
Keyword(s):  
Organic Contaminants ◽  
Detroit River

Trace Organic Contaminants in the Detroit River

1985 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 386-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.L.E. Kaiser ◽  
M.E. Comba ◽  
H. Hunter ◽  
R.J. Maguire ◽  
R.J. Tkacz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Contaminants ◽  
Detroit River ◽  
Trace Organic Contaminants ◽  
Trace Organic

Seasonal changes in gut size of the wild prairie vole (Microtus ochrogaster)

1993 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 820-827 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly A. Hammond
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Microtus Ochrogaster ◽  
Prairie Voles ◽  
High Fiber ◽  
Fiber Diet ◽  
High Fiber Diet ◽  
Time Of Year ◽  
Almost All

The gut sizes of wild adult male prairie voles (Microtus ochrogaster) were found to fluctuate throughout the year. This fluctuation was highly variable, but the changes were mainly increases in the mass of the cecum and small intestine during the fall and early winter. The gut sizes (length and dry mass) of field animals were found to be similar to those of laboratory voles fed a high-fiber diet (> 40% cell wall) and (or) held at a low temperature (5 °C). In almost all cases, the gut sizes of wild voles were greater than those of laboratory voles maintained at 23 °C and fed low-fiber diets (< 20% cell wall). Despite considerable seasonal variation in gut size, there does not appear to be a strongly repeatable relationship between time of year and changes in gut size. However, because wild voles appear to have larger guts than laboratory voles acclimated to relatively energy-demanding conditions, I suggest that wild voles are living under a greater energy demand and (or) eating lower quality diets than was previously suggested.

scholarly journals Tracing dispersed coaly-derived particles in modern sediments: an environmental application of organic petrography

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-143
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Contaminants ◽  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
Aquatic Environments ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Recent Past ◽  
Plant Debris ◽  
Environmental Application ◽  
Organic Particles ◽  
Heavy Liquids

A crucial aspect in environmental sciences is related to the transportation, accumulation and fate of solid organic particles not native to the sediments. In this study we present the petrographical features of seven sediment samples obtained from aquatic environments in Sweden, Finland and The Netherlands. Most of the samples represent the uppermost layers, which accumulated during the recent past. Their total organic carbon content ranges between 1.5 and 20%. Density separations using heavy liquids were applied, in order to concentrate the organic matter and thus to facilitate the petrographical determinations. The microscopic approach revealed significant variations in the origin and hence, the type of the contained organic matter. Apart from modern plant debris and the algae indicating water-logged conditions, several particles of naturally and artificially derived solid-organic material were identified. The latter constitute organic contaminants, and include unburnt residues of highrank coals and chars. The petrographic data show a significant comparability with the ‘black carbon’ data determined by chemo-thermal oxidation at 375°C, demonstrating the applicability of the microscopic analysis in environmental studies.

Distribution and Dispersal of the Zebra Mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) in the Great Lakes Region

1991 ◽  
Vol 48 (8) ◽  
pp. 1381-1388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald W. Griffiths ◽  
Donald W. Schloesser ◽  
Joseph H. Leach ◽  
William P. Kovalak
Keyword(s):  
Great Lakes ◽  
Dreissena Polymorpha ◽  
Lake Erie ◽  
Isolated Populations ◽  
Western Basin ◽  
High Fecundity ◽  
Detroit River ◽  
Niagara River ◽  
Nuisance Species ◽  
Small Mussel

Dreissena polymorpha (Pallas), a small mussel common throughout most of Europe, was discovered in June of 1988 in the southern part of Lake St. Clair. Length–frequency analyses of populations from the Great Lakes and review of historical benthic studies suggest that the mussel was introduced into Lake St. Clair in late 1986, probably as a result of the discharge of ballast water from an ocean-crossing vessel. Following the 1990 reproductive season, Dreissena populations ranged from the head of the St. Clair River, through Lake St. Clair, the Detroit River, Lake Erie, the Welland Canal, and the Niagara River to the western basin and southern shoreline of Lake Ontario. Isolated populations were found in the St. Lawrence River and in harbours in Lakes Huron, Michigan, and Superior. The rapid dispersal of this organism has resulted from its high fecundity, pelagic larval stage, bysso-pelagic drifting ability of juveniles, and human activities associated with commercial shipping, fishing, and boating (research and pleasure). Virtually any waterbody that can be reached by boaters and fisherman within a few days travel of the lower Great Lakes, particularly Lake Erie, seems to be at risk of being invaded by this nuisance species.

Bacterial Distributions in Lake Erie (1967, 1970)

1976 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 574-580 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. S. Rao ◽  
B. K. Burnison
Keyword(s):  
Lake Erie ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Western Basin ◽  
Detroit River ◽  
Grand River ◽  
Cleveland Ohio

Distribution of heterotrophic and coliform bacteria in Lake Erie is a first step in determining the importance of bacteria in the lake. The abundance of these organisms was greatest in the Western basin. Offshore bacterial densities from the Central and Eastern basins were lower than the inshore areas. Detroit River, Grand River (Ontario), and the areas close to Erie, Pennsylvania and Cleveland, Ohio showed the highest bacterial densities throughout the study periods.

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