Evidence of nonchiasmate bonds at metaphase I in inbred rye

1984 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 409-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. C. Cermeño ◽  
J. Orellana ◽  
J. R. Lacadena
Keyword(s):  
Secale Cereale ◽  
Chiasma Frequency ◽  
Meiotic Pairing ◽  
Secale Cereale L ◽  
Chromosome 1R ◽  
Metaphase I

The loss of bound chromosome arms through early, middle, and late metaphase I has been analyzed in a plant of inbred rye (Secale cereale L.) heterozygous for a terminal heterochromatic C-band of the long arm of chromosome 1R. From the increase in the number of univalent pairs due to bound arm loss, and from the comparison between the frequencies of bound arms at metaphase I and recombinant chromosomes at anaphase I, it is concluded that some of the chromosome bonds appearing at metaphase I are actually nonchiasmate associations that can be considered as remnants of prophase pairing. Conclusions concerning recombination obtained solely from the analysis of chiasma frequency measured as bound arms may be invalid.Key words: inbred rye, C-heterochromatin, meiotic pairing, nonchiasmate bonds.

scholarly journals Mapping of resistance genes to brown rust in 1R chromosome of rye (Secale cereale L.)

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (SI 2 - 6th Conf EFPP 2002) ◽  
pp. 588-589
Author(s):  
O.A. Baranova ◽  
A.P. Dmitriev ◽  
A.V. Voylocov ◽  
O.V. Solodukhina
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Secale Cereale ◽  
Segregation Analysis ◽  
Recombination Frequency ◽  
Brown Rust ◽  
Isozyme Locus ◽  
Secale Cereale L ◽  
Chromosome 1R

Five resistance genes to single-pustule isolates Nos. 12, 81,108 and 7 of brown rust were mapped on 1R chromosome of rye using two different F<sub>2</sub> populations. Under segregation analysis it was found linkage between genes controlling resistance to single-pustule isolates No. 12, 81, 108 and 25 and isozyme locus Prx7, which to be localized on chromosome 1R. The recombination frequencies are 0.32, 0.28, 0.29 and 0.32 correspondingly. Also we were found linkage between Prx7 and gene, controlling resistance to single-pustule isolate No. 7. Recombination frequency in this case was equal 0.10 and 0.29 in dependence on analyzing hybrids.

scholarly journals A novel resource for genomics of Triticeae: BAC library specific for the short arm of rye (Secale cereale L.) chromosome 1R (1RS)

BMC Genomics ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hana Šimková ◽  
Jan Šafář ◽  
Pavla Suchánková ◽  
Pavlína Kovářová ◽  
Jan Bartoš ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secale Cereale ◽  
Bac Library ◽  
Secale Cereale L ◽  
Chromosome 1R

scholarly journals PAIRING COMPETITION BETWEEN IDENTICAL AND HOMOLOGOUS CHROMOSOMES IN AUTOTETRAPLOID RYE. I. SUBMETACENTRIC CHROMOSOMES

Genetics ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 111 (4) ◽  
pp. 933-944
Author(s):  
J Orellana ◽  
J L Santos
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Control ◽  
Secale Cereale ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Meiotic Pairing ◽  
Homologous Chromosomes ◽  
Partner Exchange ◽  
Pairing Behavior ◽  
Chromosome 1R ◽  
Heterochromatin Content

ABSTRACT Meiotic pairing preferences between identical and homologous but not identical chromosomes were analyzed in ten induced tetraploid/diploid chimaeral rye plants (Secale cereale) heterozygous for telomeric heerochromatin C-bands in both arms of chromosome 1R. These plants were the progeny of two crosses between only one plant of cv. Petkus, used as male, and two plants of the inbred lines E and R, respectively. Different pairing preferences for chromosome 1R were found: (1) between plants, (2) between chromosome arms within the same plant and (3) between bivalents and multivalents within the same plant. The possible influence in the preferences of several factors such as differences in C-heterochromatin content in the chromosomes analyzed, specific genetic control and independence in pairing behavior between both arms and partner exchange is discussed.

RFLP-based genetic map of rye (Secale cereale L.) chromosome 1R

1991 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 174-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. L. Wang ◽  
M. D. Atkinson ◽  
C. N. Chinoy ◽  
K. M. Devos ◽  
R. L. Harcourt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Map ◽  
Secale Cereale ◽  
Secale Cereale L ◽  
Chromosome 1R

scholarly journals ASSOCIATION OF ISOZYMES WITH A RECIPROCAL TRANSLOCATION IN CULTIVATED RYE (SECALE CEREALE L.)

Genetics ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 109 (1) ◽  
pp. 177-193
Author(s):  
Ana M Figueiras ◽  
Maria T Gonzalez-Jaen ◽  
Julio Salinas ◽  
Cesar Benito
Keyword(s):  
Secale Cereale ◽  
Reciprocal Translocation ◽  
Chromosome Arrangement ◽  
Electrophoretic Patterns ◽  
Meiotic Configuration ◽  
Chromosome Arm ◽  
Secale Cereale L ◽  
Metaphase I

ABSTRACT In rye (Secale cereale L. cv. "Ailés") the progeny of a cross between a structural heterozygote for a reciprocal translocation (involving the 1R chromosome) and a homozygote for the standard chromosome arrangement were analyzed for the electrophoretic patterns of eight different leaf isozymes and also for their meiotic configuration at metaphase I.—The Got-3 and Mdh-2b loci are linked to each other and also to the reciprocal translocation. The Mdh-2b locus is located in the interstitial segment of the 3Rq chromosome arm, with an estimated distance of 8 cM to the breakpoint. Therefore, the reciprocal translocation involves the 1R and 3R chromosomes.—Also, the Mdh-1 and 6-Pgd-2 loci are linked (16 ± 3 cM) and have been located on the 2Rq arm. Finally, the Per-3 and Per-4 loci are located on the 2Rp chromosome arm at an estimated distance of 26 ± 4 cM.

Interstitial chiasmata and centromere orientation in heterozygotes for a translocation in rye

Genome ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 647-657 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. G. Goicoechea ◽  
A. Roca ◽  
T. Naranjo ◽  
R. Giraldez
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Secale Cereale ◽  
Chiasma Frequency ◽  
Recombination Fraction ◽  
Translocation Breakpoint ◽  
Meiotic Behaviour ◽  
Significant Excess ◽  
Alternate Orientation ◽  
Chiasma Interference ◽  
Metaphase I

The meiotic behaviour of plants heterozygous for translocation T242W of rye (involving 2RL and 6RL) and an interstitial C-band in 2RL has been analyzed. Chain and frying pan quadrivalents predominate. The following results have further been obtained: (i) double chiasmata occur in the interstitial segment carrying the C-band; (ii) from the frequency of being bound at metaphase I and the frequency of recombinant chromosomes at anaphase I, estimates of chiasma frequencies (and chiasma interference) in interstitial segments have been derived; (iii) estimates of the recombination fraction between the interstitial C-band and the translocation breakpoint have been obtained from offspring analysis; (iv) there is a difference in the frequency of alternate orientation between configurations with and without interstitial chiasmata (adjacent-2 has not been observed and a small but significant excess of alternate vs. adjacent-1 coorientation appears). Without intersitial chiasmata, alternate orientation predominates. The possible reasons for these differences are discussed. Key words: Secale cereale, translocations, chiasma frequency, centromere orientation.

The relation between pairing preference and chiasma frequency in tetrasomics of rye

Genome ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 122-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Benavente ◽  
J Sybenga
Keyword(s):  
Secale Cereale ◽  
Chiasma Frequency ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Chiasma Formation ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Association Pattern ◽  
Chromosome 1R ◽  
Favorable Conditions ◽  
Pairing Initiation ◽  
Effective Pairing

The association pattern of marked tetrasomes of Secale chromosome 1R at meiotic first metaphase was analyzed. Two of the four chromosomes were identical with terminal C-bands at both arms; the other two were also identical but lacked C-bands and were homologous or homeologous with the first two. Four different types of heterozygotes for 1R were studied: (i) autotetraploid hybrids between genetic variants within Secale cereale subsp. cereale, (ii) tetraploid hybrids between subspecies of Secale cereale, (iii) tetraploid hybrids between species of Secale, and (iv) autotetrasomes of S. cereale in a wheat background. Earlier observations that heterozygous associations (banded with unbanded) had consistently higher chiasma frequencies than homozygous associations were extended and confirmed. To analyze this phenomenon more closely, the possible relations between this correlation and several other meiotic phenomena were studied. For this analysis, three genetically different autotetraploid hybrids within S. cereale were selected that differed with respect to the relation between pairing type and chiasma frequency. Special attention was given to different patterns of interference and other meiotic phenomena in the two chromosome arms of chromosome 1R. No relations between such phenomena and the relation between pairing type and chiasma frequency could be established. A hypothesis is formulated assuming that long-distance homologue attraction is concentrated in a limited number of sites and that in different genotypes, different patterns of active sites are present. Moderately weak attraction sites can pair with strong homologous sites under favorable genetic conditions, but two weak sites cannot. Then, heterozygotes have more effective pairing initiation and consequently chiasma formation than homozygotes. Under less favorable conditions, only strong sites are effective, and then, homozygotes pair better, but the chiasma frequency is lower. A model of the forces involved in homologue attraction is presented.Key words: autopolyploids, preferential pairing, chiasma frequency, homologue attraction, Secale.

Relationship between pachytene synapsis, metaphase I associations, and transmission of 2B and 4B chromosomes in rye

Genome ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 232-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillermo Jiménez ◽  
Silvia Manzanero ◽  
María J Puertas
Keyword(s):  
Secale Cereale ◽  
Maternal Effect ◽  
Chiasma Frequency ◽  
Transmission Rate ◽  
Chiasma Formation ◽  
B Chromosomes ◽  
Bivalent Formation ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Variable Efficiency ◽  
Metaphase I

2B rye plants selected for high (H) or low (L) B transmission rate were studied at pachytene and metaphase I of meiosis to determine the relationship between synapsis, bivalents at metaphase I, and B transmission rate. The results show that the 2 B chromosomes (Bs) form bivalents at pachytene in both the H and L lines, whereas the frequency of bivalents at metaphase I is much higher in the H than in the L line. This demonstrates that B transmission is mainly related to the proper association of Bs at metaphase I, as well as that synapsis of the 2 Bs in the L line is normal, but the bivalent is not consolidated by a chiasma in most cases. Crosses were made between 2B plants of the H and L lines in all combinations (H × H, H × L, L × H, and L × L) to obtain 4B plants. Similarly, bivalent formation at pachytene and metaphase I was studied. The results show that 4B plants of the H × H and L × L classes differ significantly at pachytene and metaphase I since the former forms more bivalents. The heterozygous 4 Bs of the H × L and L × H classes show intermediate values. The relation H × H > H × L > L × H > L × L was consistently found for the variables transmission rate, bivalents at pachytene, bivalents at metaphase I, and B mean chiasma frequency. A maternal effect was also found. Our data suggest that there are two separate mechanisms acting upon synapsis and chiasma formation in H and L B chromosomes: (i) there is variable efficiency of the control of synapsis at early stages of meiosis; and (ii) there is variable efficiency of the control of the number of chiasmata. Key words: B chromosomes, synaptonemal complex, Secale cereale.

Synaptonemal complex formation and metaphase I configuration patterns in a translocation heterozygote of rye (Secale cereale)

Genome ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. de Jong ◽  
J. van Eden ◽  
J. Sybenga
Keyword(s):  
Complex Formation ◽  
Synaptonemal Complex ◽  
Secale Cereale ◽  
Chiasma Formation ◽  
Terminal Segment ◽  
Pachytene Nucleus ◽  
Synaptonemal Complexes ◽  
Synaptonemal Complex Formation ◽  
Chromosome 1R ◽  
Metaphase I

Four rye plants heterozygous for translocation 248, involving chromosomes 1R and 6R, were used for a comparative study of synaptonemal complex formation at midprophase I and chromosome configurations at metaphase I. Synaptonemal complexes were obtained with a cell-spreading technique and studied with electron microscopy. The total length of the synaptonemal complexes in the 28 analyzable pachytene nuclei varied considerably, both within and among plants. The variation of synaptonemal complex lengths of the bivalents in a nucleus was partly stage dependent; i.e., it was greater at early than at late pachytene. In all but one pachytene nucleus, pairing in the quadrivalent was regular, and the four pairing arms were usually easy to identify. Most noticeable was the variation of pairing saturation at the breakpoint of the quadrivalent. Pairing in the breakpoint region was delayed with respect to the pairing in the bivalents. Variation in the arm lengths of the quadrivalent was the result of incomplete and nonhomologous pairing at the breakpoint as well as differential contraction rates among chromosome segments. It was shown that the completion of delayed pairing throughout pachytene is mainly long-arm pairing. The actual breakpoint was therefore not in the middle of the unpaired segments, but more distal. The analysis of metaphase I nuclei revealed that chiasma frequency in this material was higher than in similar material used in former studies. When one of the translocation segments lacked a chiasma, this was in most cases the short translocated segment 1RS, the terminal segment of the satellite of chromosome 1R. Positive chiasma interference was demonstrated between the interstitial and exchanged segment in 1RS. This agreed with the observation of a negative correlation in extent of pairing between these two segments. Other interference phenomena, which have been described for this translocation in other material, remained undetected because of lack of variation in chiasma formation owing to high chiasma frequency.Key words: Secale cereale, meiosis, translocation, synaptonemal complex, metaphase I.

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