Optimal lined channel design

2006 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 535-545 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bülent Aksoy ◽  
A Burcu Altan-Sakarya
Keyword(s):  
Open Channel ◽  
Unit Cost ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Minimum Cost ◽  
Channel Design ◽  
Minimum Area ◽  
Side Slope ◽  
Bottom Width ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Open Channel Design

The optimum values of the section variables (side slope, bottom width, flow depth, and radius) for triangular, rectangular, trapezoidal, and circular channels are computed by minimizing the cost of the channel section. Manning's uniform flow formula is treated as the constraint of the optimization model. The cost function is arranged to include the cost of lining, the cost of earthwork, and the increment in the cost of earthwork with depth below the ground surface. The optimum values of section variables are expressed as explicit functions of unit cost terms. Unique values of optimum section variables are obtained for the case of minimum area or minimum wetted perimeter problems. Key words: open channel design, optimization, minimum cost, best hydraulic section.

Open channel design using Visual Basic

2008 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Günal ◽  
Atilla Özcan
Keyword(s):  
Open Channel ◽  
Visual Basic ◽  
Channel Design ◽  
Open Channel Design

Tractive force channel design aid

2001 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 865-867 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Osman Akan
Keyword(s):  
Shear Stress ◽  
Open Channel ◽  
Mathematical Expression ◽  
Channel Width ◽  
Tractive Force ◽  
Channel Design ◽  
Dimensionless Parameters ◽  
Force Equation ◽  
Open Channel Design

The Manning formula and the tractive force equation are combined and written in terms of dimensionless parameters. Predetermined solutions to this equation have been obtained and presented in chart form. Also, a mathematical expression is obtained that approximates the chart to determine the channel width explicitly.Key words: open channel, design, tractive force, erodible, shear stress.

Studies on the Design of Reverse Osmosis Water Desalination Systems for Cost and Energy Efficiency

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karim Hamza ◽  
Mohammed Shalaby ◽  
Ashraf O. Nassef ◽  
Mohamed F. Aly ◽  
Kazuhiro Saitou
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Design ◽  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
Unit Cost ◽  
Minimum Cost ◽  
Water Desalination ◽  
Salt Ions ◽  
Cost Of Energy ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
The Cost

This paper explores optimal design of reverse osmosis (RO) systems for water desalination. In these systems, salty water flows at high pressure through vessels containing semi-permeable membrane modules. The membranes can allow water to flow through, but prohibit the passage of salt ions. When the pressure is sufficiently high, water molecules will flow through the membranes leaving the salt ions behind, and are collected in a fresh water stream. Typical system design variables include the number and layout of the vessels and membrane modules, as well as the operating pressure and flow rate. This paper presents models for single and two-stage pressure vessel configurations. The models are used to explore the various design scenarios in order to minimize the cost and energy required per unit volume of produced fresh water. Multi-objective genetic algorithm (GA) is used to generate the Pareto-optimal design scenarios for the systems. Case studies are considered for four different water salinity concentration levels. Results of the studies indicate that even though the energy required to drive the RO system is a major contributor to the cost of fresh water production, there exists a tradeoff between minimum energy and minimum cost. An additional parametric study on the unit cost of energy is performed in order to explore future trends. The parametric study demonstrates how an increase in the unit cost of energy may shift the minimum cost designs to shift to more energy-efficient design scenarios.

scholarly journals A cost model with several hydraulic constraints for optimizing in practice a trapezoidal cross section

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 456-468
Author(s):  
Kiyoumars Roushangar ◽  
Mohammad Taghi Alami ◽  
Vahid Nourani ◽  
Aida Nouri
Keyword(s):  
Froude Number ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Cost Model ◽  
Channel Cross Section ◽  
Total Cost ◽  
Trapezoidal Channel ◽  
Side Slope ◽  
Bottom Width ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Channel Structures

Open channel structures are essential to infrastructure networks and expensive to manufacture. Optimizing the design of channel structures can reduce the total cost of a channel's length, including costs of lining, earthwork, and water lost through seepage and evaporation. The present research aims to present various optimization models towards the design of trapezoidal channel cross section. First, a general resistance equation was applied as a constraint. Next, a genetic algorithm (GA) was used to determine the optimal geometry of a trapezoidal channel section based on several parameters, i.e., depth, bottom width, and side slope. Eight different models were proposed and evaluated with no other constraint besides financial cost as well as with a normal depth, flow velocity, Froude number, top width, and by ignoring the cost of seepage. Numerical outcomes obtained by the GA are compared to previous studies in order to determine the most efficient model. Results from a single application indicate that the restriction of depth, velocity, and Froude number can increase the total cost, while restriction of the top width can decrease the cost of the construction. Also, the solution for various example problems incorporating different discharge values and bed slopes caused increase and decrease in cost, respectively.

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