Theoretical investigation of second-order nonlinear optical response — Hexamolybdate as a superior donor over metal carbonyl complexes in the D–π–A model
Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were carried out to investigate the nonlinear optical (NLO) response for the donor-conjugated bridge-accepter (D–π–A) model of p-nitroaniline (PNA) – hexamolybdate derivatives and PNA–metal–carbonyl complexes. The bond length alternation (BLA) values decrease with lengthening of the π-conjugated bridge, especially for PNA–hexamolybdate derivatives, which dramatically enhances the NLO response. In addition, the introduction of Mo≡N in PNA–hexamolybdate derivatives is expected to provide a better electron transition channel, consequently generating lower BLA values and an outstanding NLO response compared with PNA–metal–carbonyl complexes. It is shown that the hexamolybdate acts as an electron donor when incorporating metal–carbonyl complexes into one molecule. All these behaviors reflect the superiority of hexamolybdate as a donor moiety in the D–π–A model for the design of potential NLO materials.