Osmotic and activity coefficients of triorganophosphates in n-octane

1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (22) ◽  
pp. 2755-2759 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norman H. Sagert ◽  
Danny W. P. Lau
Keyword(s):  
Thermodynamic Properties ◽  
Vapor Pressure ◽  
Activity Coefficients ◽  
Osmotic Coefficients ◽  
Vapor Pressure Osmometry ◽  
Excess Enthalpies ◽  
Free Energies ◽  
Ideal Behavior ◽  
Excess Thermodynamic Properties ◽  
Complex Models

Vapor pressure osmometry was used to measure osmotic coefficients for tributylphosphate (TBP), tricresylphosphate (TCP), and triethylhexylphosphate (TEHP) in n-octane at 30, 40, 50, and 60 °C and at molalities up to 0.3 mol/kg. Activity coefficients and excess thermodynamic properties (unsymmetrical definition) were calculated from these osmotic coefficients. At 30 °C, the excess Gibbs free energies for 0.1 mol of solute in 1.0 kg n-octane were −42 J, −66 J, and −20 J for TBP, TCP, and TEHP, respectively. The more ideal behavior of the TEHP-octane system is attributed to the increasing importance of hydrocarbon–hydrocarbon interactions as the chain length is increased. The excess enthalpies for 0.1 mol of solute in 1.0 kg of solvent were −100 J, −300 J, and −150 J for TBP, TCP, and TEHP, respectively. Thus, association of these solutes arises primarily from entropie effects.Our data could generally be accommodated adequately by postulating association of monomers into dimers. The exception was TCP at lower temperatures, where more complex models were required.

Thermodynamic Properties of Cyclopentanol + p-Dioxane Mixtures at 25 °C

1973 ◽  
Vol 51 (24) ◽  
pp. 4140-4144 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. C. Anand ◽  
J.-P. E. Grolier ◽  
Osamu Kiyohara ◽  
G. C. Benson
Keyword(s):  
Thermodynamic Properties ◽  
Vapor Pressure ◽  
Excess Volumes ◽  
Excess Enthalpies ◽  
Vapor Pressures ◽  
Free Energies ◽  
Excess Thermodynamic Properties

Excess enthalpies, excess volumes, and total vapor pressures were measured for cyclopentanol + p-dioxane mixtures at 25 °C. The method of Barker was used to calculate vapour–liquid equilibria and excess Gibbs free energies from the vapor pressure results. A comparison with results (from the literature) for the systems cyclohexane + cyclopentanol and cyclohexane + p-dioxane indicates that the excess thermodynamic properties of cyclopentanol + p-dioxane mixtures arise primarily from the disruption of the structure of the p-dioxane solvent.

Excess Thermodynamic Properties of Cyclopentane – Isomeric Decalin Systems at 25 °C

1971 ◽  
Vol 49 (15) ◽  
pp. 2481-2489 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. E. G. Jones ◽  
I. A. Weeks ◽  
G. C. Benson
Keyword(s):  
Thermodynamic Properties ◽  
Excess Properties ◽  
Excess Enthalpies ◽  
Free Energies ◽  
Excess Thermodynamic Properties ◽  
Molar Excess ◽  
Vapor Liquid Equilibria ◽  
Vapor Liquid

Molar excess enthalpies and volumes of the systems cyclopentane – cis-decalin and cyclopentane – trans-decalin at 25 °C were determined by direct calorimetric and dilatometric measurements. Excess Gibbs free energies, also at 25 °C, were obtained from a study of the vapor–liquid equilibria. The excess properties of these cyclopentane systems are compared with those of their cyclohexane counterparts, and are interpreted in terms of the theory of Flory.

Excess thermodynamic properties of isopropanol–n-decanol mixtures

1969 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 543-546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaswant Singh ◽  
H. D. Pflug ◽  
G. C. Benson
Keyword(s):  
Thermodynamic Properties ◽  
Vapor Pressure ◽  
Pressure Measurements ◽  
Free Energies ◽  
Excess Thermodynamic Properties ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Molar Excess ◽  
Volumes Of Mixing ◽  
Vapor Pressure Measurements

Molar excess Gibbs free energies, obtained from static vapor pressure measurements on isopropanol–n-decanol mixtures over the temperature range 20–50 °C, are reported. Results of direct determinations of heats and volumes of mixing at 25 °C are also presented.

Thermodynamic properties of the binary molten salt systems, PbBr2-KBr, PbBr2-RbBr and PbBr2-CsBr, by measurement of the electromotive forces of galvanic cells

1981 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 479 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Bloom ◽  
MS White
Keyword(s):  
Thermodynamic Properties ◽  
Molten Salt ◽  
Activity Coefficients ◽  
Molten Salts ◽  
Free Energies ◽  
Complex Ions ◽  
Galvanic Cells ◽  
Salt Systems

The electromotive forces of galvanic cells for the formation of PbBr2 in the molten binary salt systems, PbBr2-KBr, PbBr2,-RbBr and PbBr2-CsBr, have been measured. Activities, activity coefficients and partial molar free energies have been calculated for each component of the three systems. Integral free energies of mixing have also been calculated. Various models of mixing of molten salts have been applied to the results. The systems contain complex ions, probably mixtures of PbBr42-, PbBr64- with some PbBr3-.

Calculation on the Free Energy of Mixing of some Silane Systems

2011 ◽  
Vol 391-392 ◽  
pp. 1017-1021
Author(s):  
Ru Zhang ◽  
Yan Fen Wu ◽  
Ping Hu
Keyword(s):  
Free Energy ◽  
Thermodynamic Properties ◽  
Activity Coefficients ◽  
Influence Factors ◽  
Critical Parameters ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Free Energies ◽  
Wilson Model ◽  
Energy Of Mixing ◽  
Free Energy Of Mixing

Six binary silane systems were chosen to calculate the activity coefficients (γ) and free energies of mixing (ΔGm). These systems included: methyldichlorosilane + methyltrichlorosilane, methyldichlorosilane + methylvinyldichlorosilane, methyldichlorosilane + toluene, methyltrichlorosilane + methylvinyldichlorosilane, methyltrichlorosilane + toluene, methylvinyldichlorosilane + toluene. Based on the Antoine constants, critical parameters of the pure components and Wilson model parameters, γ and ΔGmwere calculated. The influence factors of these thermodynamic properties were also discussed.

Some Thermodynamic Properties of the Dimethylsulfoxide–Water and Propylene Carbonate–Water Systems at 25 °C

1974 ◽  
Vol 52 (5) ◽  
pp. 718-722 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Y. Lam ◽  
R. L. Benoit
Keyword(s):  
Thermodynamic Properties ◽  
Vapor Pressure ◽  
Propylene Carbonate ◽  
Water Systems ◽  
Pressure Measurements ◽  
Free Energies ◽  
Carbonate Water ◽  
Enthalpies Of Mixing ◽  
Molar Excess ◽  
Vapor Pressure Measurements

Molar excess free energies of the systems dimethylsulfoxide–water and propylene carbonate–water have been calculated from static vapor pressure measurements at 25 °C. Enthalpies of mixing at low water concentrations have also been determined. Possible association interactions in these systems are discussed.

Some thermodynamic properties of the sulfolane–benzene and sulfolane–dichloromethane systems

1969 ◽  
Vol 47 (22) ◽  
pp. 4195-4198 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. L. Benoit ◽  
J. Charbonneau
Keyword(s):  
Thermodynamic Properties ◽  
Vapor Pressure ◽  
Infinite Dilution ◽  
Partial Molar Volumes ◽  
Refractive Indices ◽  
Pressure Measurements ◽  
Free Energies ◽  
Volumes Of Mixing ◽  
Excess Partial Molar Volumes ◽  
Vapor Pressure Measurements

Molar excess free energies of the systems sulfolane-benzene and sulfolane–dichloromethane have been calculated from static vapor pressure measurements at 30.00 °C. Refractive indices, excess partial molar volumes of mixing, and enthalpies of mixing at infinite dilution of benzene and dichloromethane were also determined.

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