Isolation and characterization of a 9-fluorenone-degrading bacterial strain and its role in synergistic degradation of fluorene by a consortium

1998 ◽  
Vol 44 (8) ◽  
pp. 734-742
Author(s):  
Mercè Casellas ◽  
Magdalena Grifoll ◽  
Jordi Sabaté ◽  
Anna Maria Solanas
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Assimilation ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Pseudomonas Mendocina ◽  
Cell Biomass ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Dead End ◽  
Angular Dioxygenation ◽  
Synergistic Degradation

Pseudomonas mendocina MC2, able to use 9-fluorenone but not fluorene as its sole source of carbon and energy, was isolated. Identification of metabolites in growth media and washed cell suspensions indicated that strain MC2 metabolizes 9-fluorenone via angular dioxygenation of the ketone, to give 1,1a-dihydroxy-1-hydro-9-fluorenone, followed by the opening of the five-membered ring and further degradation of the resulting biphenyl derivative by reactions akin to those of biphenyl metabolism, which produce phthalate as an intermediate. The aim of this research was to study the biodegradation of fluorene by a co-culture of strain MC2 and Arthrobacter sp.strain F101, which grows on fluorene and simultaneously transforms a fraction of the substrate to 9-fluorenone, which accumulates as a dead-end product. Growing with 0.1 g fluorene/L, Arthrobacter sp. strain F101 caused the total removal of this compound from the cultures, but when this strain was grown with 1g fluorene/L, only 16% of the fluorene was used. The addition of 9-fluorenone to cultures growing on fluorene showed that 9-fluorenone inhibits fluorene degradation. Finally, when Pseudomonas mendocina MC2 and Arthrobacter sp. strain F101 were co-cultured with 1g fluorene/L as a sole source of carbon and energy, the growth of the strains completely removed fluorene in 2 days. 9-Fluorenone did not accumulate and the carbon assimilation into cell biomass was estimated as approximately 46%. Key words: microbial consortium, fluorene, 9-fluorenone, biodegradation.

Isolation and characterization of the ethynylestradiol-biodegrading microorganism Fusarium proliferatum strain HNS-1

2002 ◽  
Vol 45 (12) ◽  
pp. 175-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.H. Shi ◽  
Y. Suzuki ◽  
B.-D. Lee ◽  
S. Nakai ◽  
M. Hosomi
Keyword(s):  
Culture Medium ◽  
Polar Compounds ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
Order Rate Constant ◽  
Fusarium Proliferatum ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Phenolic Group

We cultivated hundreds of sediment, soil, and manure samples taken from rivers and farms in a medium containing ethynylestradiol (EE2) as the sole source of carbon, so that microorganisms in the samples would acclimatize to the presence of EE2. Finally, we isolated an EE2-degrading microorganism, designated as strain HNS-1, from a cowshed sample. Based on its partial nucleotide sequence (563 bp) of the 28S rRNA gene, strain HNS-1 was identified as Fusarium proliferatum. Over 15 days, F. proliferatum strain HNS-1 removed 97% of EE2 at an initial concentration of 25 mg.L−1, with a first-order rate constant of 0.6 d−1. Unknown products of EE2 degradation, which may be more polar compounds that have a phenolic group, remained in the culture medium.

scholarly journals Identification and Characterization of Genes Encoding a Putative ABC-Type Transporter Essential for Utilization of γ-Hexachlorocyclohexane in Sphingobium japonicum UT26

2007 ◽  
Vol 189 (10) ◽  
pp. 3712-3720 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryo Endo ◽  
Yoshiyuki Ohtsubo ◽  
Masataka Tsuda ◽  
Yuji Nagata
Keyword(s):  
Abc Transporter ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
New Genes ◽  
Hydrophobic Compounds ◽  
Dead End ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Degradation Activity ◽  
Mutant Cells

ABSTRACT Sphingobium japonicum UT26 utilizes γ-hexachlorocyclohexane (γ-HCH) as its sole source of carbon and energy. In our previous studies, we cloned and characterized genes encoding enzymes for the conversion of γ-HCH to β-ketoadipate in UT26. In this study, we analyzed a mutant obtained by transposon mutagenesis and identified and characterized new genes encoding a putative ABC-type transporter essential for the utilization of γ-HCH in strain UT26. This putative ABC transporter consists of four components, permease, ATPase, periplasmic protein, and lipoprotein, encoded by linK, linL, linM, and linN, respectively. Mutation and complementation analyses indicated that all the linKLMN genes are required, probably as a set, for γ-HCH utilization in UT26. Furthermore, the mutant cells deficient in this putative ABC transporter showed (i) higher γ-HCH degradation activity and greater accumulation of the toxic dead-end product 2,5-dichlorophenol (2,5-DCP), (ii) higher sensitivity to 2,5-DCP itself, and (iii) higher permeability of hydrophobic compounds than the wild-type cells. These results strongly suggested that LinKLMN are involved in γ-HCH utilization by controlling membrane hydrophobicity. This study clearly demonstrated that a cellular factor besides catabolic enzymes and transcriptional regulators is essential for utilization of xenobiotic compounds in bacterial cells.

scholarly journals Cloning, Sequencing, and Characterization of the Hexahydro-1,3,5-Trinitro-1,3,5-Triazine Degradation Gene Cluster from Rhodococcus rhodochrous

2002 ◽  
Vol 68 (10) ◽  
pp. 4764-4771 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena M. B. Seth-Smith ◽  
Susan J. Rosser ◽  
Amrik Basran ◽  
Emma R. Travis ◽  
Eric R. Dabbs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cytochrome P450 ◽  
Gene Cluster ◽  
High Explosive ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
Ring Cleavage ◽  
Rhodococcus Rhodochrous ◽  
Resting Cell ◽  
Dead End ◽  
Adrenodoxin Reductase

ABSTRACT Hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) is a high explosive which presents an environmental hazard as a major land and groundwater contaminant. Rhodococcus rhodochrous strain 11Y was isolated from explosive contaminated land and is capable of degrading RDX when provided as the sole source of nitrogen for growth. Products of RDX degradation in resting-cell incubations were analyzed and found to include nitrite, formaldehyde, and formate. No ammonium was excreted into the medium, and no dead-end metabolites were observed. The gene responsible for the degradation of RDX in strain 11Y is a constitutively expressed cytochrome P450-like gene, xplA, which is found in a gene cluster with an adrenodoxin reductase homologue, xplB. The cytochrome P450 also has a flavodoxin domain at the N terminus. This study is the first to present a gene which has been identified as being responsible for RDX biodegradation. The mechanism of action of XplA on RDX is thought to involve initial denitration followed by spontaneous ring cleavage and mineralization.

Isolierung und Charakterisierung Antipyrin-abbauender Bakterien / Isolation and Characterization of Antipyrine-degrading Bacteria

1978 ◽  
Vol 33 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 120-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hartmut Blecher ◽  
Renate Blecher ◽  
Rudolf Müller ◽  
Franz Lingens
Keyword(s):  
Sole Source ◽  
Resting Cells ◽  
Determinative Bacteriology ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Degrading Bacteria ◽  
Different Strains

Abstract Five different strains of bacteria ultilizing antipyrine as sole source of carbon were isolated from soil. It was shown by morphological and physiological examinations, that the new isolates are closely related to strains selected with the herbicide chloridazon. A ll of these bacteria are charac­ terized by special features and cannot be classified according to Bergey’s Manual of Determinative Bacteriology.Part of the strains which were selected with antipyrine not only grow with antipyrine but also with chloridazon. The others cannot be grown on chloridazon. However, resting cells of the latter group convert chloridazon to its catechol derivative (5-amino-4-chloro-2 (2,3-dihydroxyphenyl) -3 (2H)-pyridazinone). In these bacteria a catechol-2,3-dioxygenase (catechol: oxygen 2,3-oxido-reductase, EC 1.13.11.2) was found which readily catalyzes the cleavage of the catechol derivative of antipyrine (2,3-dimethyl-l-(2,3-dihydroxyphenyl)-pyrazolone (5)). The enzyme shows only slight activity with the corresponding derivative of chloridazon.

scholarly journals Isolation and Characterization of An Endosulfan-Degrading Strain, Stenotrophomonas sp. LD-6, and its Potential in Soil Bioremediation

2012 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 257-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
FANG-BO YU ◽  
WASEEM ALI SHINAWAR ◽  
ING-YA SUN ◽  
LIN-PING LUO
Keyword(s):  
Sole Source ◽  
Aerobic Bacteria ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Soil Bioremediation ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Oxidative Pathway ◽  
Degradative Enzymes ◽  
Endosulfan Diol ◽  
Cell Crude Extract

Aerobic bacteria degrading endosulfan were isolated from contaminated sludge. One of the isolates, LD-6, was identified as Stenotrophomonas sp. The bacterium could utilize endosulfan as the sole source of carbon and sulfur. 100 mg/l endosulfan was completely degraded within 10 days, and endosulfan diol and endosulfan ether were detected as major metabolites with a slight decrease in culture pH. The results indicated that Stenotrophomonas. sp. LD-6 might degrade endosulfan by a non-oxidative pathway. Biodegradation of both isomers was relatively better at a temperature range of 25-35 degrees C, with a maximum at 30 degrees C. In addition, cell crude extract of strain LD-6 could metabolize endosulfan rapidly, and degradative enzymes were intracellular distributed and constitutively expressed. Besides, application of the strain was found to promote the removal of endosulfan in soil. This study might help with the future research in better understanding of the biodegradation.

Isolation and characterization of aPseudomonassp. strain PH1 utilizing meta-aminophenol

2000 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 211-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Razia Kutty ◽  
Hemant J Purohit ◽  
Purushottam Khanna
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Source ◽  
16S Rdna ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
Rdna Sequence ◽  
Pseudomonas Sp ◽  
16S Rdna Sequence ◽  
Industry Waste ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Dye Industry

Pseudomonas sp. strain PH1 was isolated from soil contaminated with pharmaceutical and dye industry waste. The isolate PH1 could use m-aminophenol as a sole source of carbon, nitrogen, and energy to support the growth. PH1 could degrade up to 0.32 mM m-aminophenol in 120 h, when provided as nitrogen source at 0.4 mM concentration with citrate (0.5 mM) as a carbon source in the growth medium. The presence of ammonium chloride as an additional nitrogen source repressed the degradation of m-aminophenol by PH1. To identify strain PH1, the 16S rDNA sequence was amplified by PCR using conserved eubacterial primers. The FASTA program was used to analyze the 16S rDNA sequence and the resulting homology patterns suggested that PH1 is a Pseudomonas.Key words: m-aminophenol, resorcinol, DNA sequencing.

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