Effect of application time on the efficacy of Chondrostereum purpureum treatment against the sprouting of birch in Finland

To test the effect of application time on the efficacy of a biological control agent to prevent sprouting of cut stumps, birches ( Betula pendula Roth. and Betula pubescens Ehrh.) were cut and stumps treated with a decay fungus ( Chondrostereum purpureum (Pers. ex Fr.) Pouzar) at different times during one growing season. Applications were conducted at 2 week intervals. The presence of fruiting bodies was examined three times during the 2 years following treatment. Sprouting was measured twice. Fructification was most abundant 1 year after the treatment, and the frequency of stumps with fruiting bodies was highest when the stumps were treated between May and July. Treatment reduced the percentage of living stumps compared with controls, except if conducted in late autumn. The reduction was the highest on stumps treated in the middle of July; 2 years after the treatment, only 12.5% of treated stumps were resprouting compared with 74% of control stumps. Also, the number of living sprouts per stump decreased by the treatment, except if conducted in late autumn. Although the number of living sprouts per stump decreased owing to C. purpureum treatment, it had no effect on the maximum height of the sprouts.

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Chondrostereum purpureum as a biological control agent in forest vegetation management. II. Efficacy on Sitka alder and aspen in western Canada

Canadian Journal of Forest Research ◽

10.1139/x99-121 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 29 (7) ◽

pp. 852-858 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

G J Harper ◽

P G Comeau ◽

W Hintz ◽

R E Wall ◽

R Prasad ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Populus Tremuloides ◽

Biological Control Agent ◽

Control Agent ◽

Control Analysis ◽

Fungal Treatment ◽

Fungal Isolates ◽

Alnus Viridis ◽

Field Efficacy ◽

Chondrostereum Purpureum ◽

Stem Mortality

A national research program was established to test the field efficacy of the native fungal pathogen Chondrostereum purpureum (Pers. ex Fr.) Pouzar) for control of hardwood vegetation. During 1995, two fungal isolates were applied as a biocontrol agent to the cut stumps of Populus tremuloides Michx. (trembling aspen) and Alnus viridis ssp. sinuata (Regel) Á. Löve & D. Löve (Sitka alder). Treatments consisted of two formulations (BC, ON) in combination with two fungal isolates (2139, JAM6), blank formulations, cutting only, triclopyr herbicide application, and an uncut control. Analysis of Sitka alder clump mortality indicated isolates JAM6 and 2139 in combination with the BC formulation caused clump mortality of 90 and 88%, respectively. The blank formulation treatments caused the lowest clump mortality and appeared to promote sprouting and growth of Sitka alder when compared with cutting alone. At the aspen installation, the BC formulation with isolate 2139 was found to be the most effective fungal treatment resulting in 84% aspen stem mortality. The results from both installations suggest that C. purpureum efficacy appears to be dependent on the virulence of the isolate and the formulation.

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The effect of application time and soil factors on the occurrence of Beauveria brongniartii applied as a biological control agent in soil

Journal of Invertebrate Pathology ◽

10.1016/j.jip.2003.08.003 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 84 (1) ◽

pp. 15-23 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

Philip Kessler ◽

Horst Matzke ◽

Siegfried Keller

Keyword(s):

Biological Control ◽

Biological Control Agent ◽

Control Agent ◽

Application Time ◽

Beauveria Brongniartii ◽

Soil Factors

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Influence of Elytral Colour Pattern, Size, and Sex of Harmonia axyridis (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae) on Parasite Prevalence and Intensity of Hesperomyces virescens (Ascomycota, Laboulbeniales)

10.20944/preprints201805.0270.v1 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Danny Haelewaters ◽

Thomas Hiller ◽

Michał Gorczak ◽

Donald H. Pfister

Keyword(s):

Harmonia Axyridis ◽

Biological Control Agent ◽

Parasite Prevalence ◽

Control Agent ◽

Colour Pattern ◽

Distribution Area ◽

Fruiting Bodies ◽

Intensity Of Infection ◽

Pattern Size ◽

Colour Patterns

Harmonia axyridis is an invasive ladybird (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae) with the potential to outcompete native ladybird species in its invasive distribution area. It was introduced as a biological control agent in many countries but has also spread unintentionally in many others. Hesperomyces virescens (Ascomycota, Laboulbeniales) is a minute (200–400 µm in size) biotrophic fungus that infects over 30 species of ladybirds. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether elytral colour pattern, size, and sex of Ha. axyridis affect infection by H. virescens. Colouration in Ha. axyridis has been linked to the presence of an antimicrobial alkaloid (harmonine). In fall 2016, we collected 763 Ha. axyridis individuals in Cambridge, Massaschusetts, of which 119 (16%) bore H. virescens fruiting bodies. We analysed 160 individuals concerning prevalence and intensity of infection by H. virescens. Elytral sizes and colouration patterns were quantified using digital photography and analytical methods. Smaller ladybirds had a higher prevalence and higher intensity of parasitism. Additionally, male ladybirds bore more thalli compared to female ladybirds. Elytral colour patterns had an effect on neither prevalence nor intensity of infection by Laboulbeniales in our dataset. This suggests that development of Laboulbeniales may be unaffected by certain insect alkaloids.

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The efficacy of Chondrostereum purpureum in sprout control of birch during mechanized pre-commercial thinning

BioControl ◽

10.1007/s10526-019-09971-z ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 65 (1) ◽

pp. 13-24 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Tiina Laine ◽

Leena Hamberg ◽

Veli-Matti Saarinen ◽

Timo Saksa

Keyword(s):

Betula Pendula ◽

Lower Number ◽

Maximum Height ◽

Fungal Treatment ◽

Clear Effect ◽

Commercial Thinning ◽

Stump Sprouting ◽

Chondrostereum Purpureum ◽

And Control ◽

Stump Sprouts

Abstract The efficacy of mechanized pre-commercial thinning (PCT) done by a lightweight mini-harvester Tehojätkä together with the Chondrostereum purpureum (Pers. ex Fr.) Pouzar fungal treatment (dilutions 1:100, 1:200, 1:400) and control (cutting only) was studied for three years. The efficacy of the fungal treatment was defined as capability to prevent sprouting of birch (Betula pendula Roth. and B. pubescens Ehrh.). The fungal treatment resulted in higher stump mortality and lower number of sprouts but it did not have a clear effect on the maximum height of stump sprouts. However, mortalities obtained in this study (34.1%, 26.8%, and 25.6% for dilutions 1:100, 1:200, and 1:400, respectively) were notably lower compared to previous studies which indicate that the accuracy of the spreading mechanism was not satisfactory. We conclude that it is possible to decrease stump sprouting with the fully mechanized fungal treatment but putting this implementation into practice needs more testing to increase efficacy.

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Chondrostereum purpureum as an inundative biological control agent for invasive woody weeds in New Zealand

New Zealand Plant Protection ◽

10.30843/nzpp.2010.63.6581 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 63 ◽

pp. 274-274

Author(s):

T.D. Ramsfield ◽

C.A. Carlson ◽

M.W.P. Power ◽

D. Skudder

Keyword(s):

Biological Control ◽

Biological Control Agent ◽

Populus Trichocarpa ◽

Control Agent ◽

Lesion Length ◽

Weed Species ◽

Buddleja Davidii ◽

Inundative Biological Control ◽

Salix Matsudana ◽

Chondrostereum Purpureum

Chondrostereum purpureum is a basidiomycete fungus that is being investigated as an inundative biological control agent for invasive woody weeds This study was conducted to assess the susceptibility of seven species of weeds to C purpureum The species that were inoculated in this trial were broom (Cytisus scoparius) gorse (Ulex europeaus) buddleia (Buddleja davidii) Himalayan honeysuckle (Leycesteria formosa) hawthorne (Crataegus monogyna) poplar (Populus trichocarpa) and willow (Salix matsudana) Two isolates of C purpureum and a control were used and were each replicated 12 times All plants were potted and the trial took place under nursery conditions Mortality and canker size were measured 6 months after inoculation Data were analysed using SAS The highest mortality (50) was recorded for broom with one isolate but very little mortality was observed across the other species A highly significant weed by isolate interaction was observed with regards to lesion length with weed species susceptibility varying with respect to one of the C purpureum isolates Hawthorn and willow had greater lesion lengths after inoculation with the same isolate that had caused mortality in broom The results from this trial are being used to direct a larger field trial

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