Meta-analysis was used to compare yield protection and nematode suppression provided by two, seed- and two, soil-applied nematicides against Meloidogyne incognita and Rotylenchulus reniformis on cotton across three years and several trial locations in the United States Cotton Belt. Nematicides consisted of thiodicarb- and fluopyram-treated seed, aldicarb and fluopyram applied in-furrow and combinations of the seed treatments and soil-applied fluopyram. The nematicides had no effect on nematode reproduction or root infection but had a significant impact on seed cotton yield response (¯D) with an average increase of 176 and 197 kg/ha relative to the nontreated control in M. incognita and R. reniformis infested fields, respectively. However, because of significant variation in yield protection and nematode suppression by nematicides, five or six moderator variables [cultivar resistance (M. incognita only), nematode infestation level, nematicide treatment, application method, trial location, and growing season] were used depending on nematode species. In M. incognita infested fields, greater yield protection was observed with nematicides applied in-furrow and seed-applied + in-furrow than solo seed-applied nematicide applications. Most notably of these in-furrow nematicides were aldicarb and fluopyram (>131 g/ha) with or without a seed-applied nematicide compared to thiodicarb. In R. reniformis infested fields, moderator variables provided no further explanation of the variation in yield response by nematicides. Furthermore, moderator variables provided little explanation of the variation in nematode suppression by nematicides in M. incognita and R. reniformis infested fields. The limited explanation by the moderator variables on the field efficacy of nematicides in M. incognita and R. reniformis infested fields demonstrates the difficulty of managing these pathogens with nonfumigant nematicides across the U. S. Cotton Belt.