Insects associated with the transmission of Verticicladiellaprocera

1986 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 1330-1333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathy J. Lewis ◽  
S. A. Alexander
Keyword(s):  
Bark Beetles ◽  
Tree Plantations ◽  
Christmas Tree ◽  
Insect Vectors ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Eastern White Pine ◽  
Controlled Conditions

Insects in the families Scolytidae and Curculionidae were studied as potential vectors of the fungus Verticicladiellaprocera Kendrick. Weevils (Hylobiuspales Herbst and Pissodes sp.) and bark beetles (Pityogenes sp., Orthotomicus sp., Xyleborus sp., and Hylastes sp.) contaminated with V. procera were trapped in seven and three Pinusstrobus L. Christmas tree plantations, respectively, including plantations where V. procera had not been found. Percent of trapped weevils and bark beetles carrying V. procera was 64.2 and 0.76, respectively. Bolts (92%) became colonized by V. procera following visitation in the field by contaminated insects. Under controlled conditions, transmission of the fungus from contaminated weevils placed in cages to previously uncolonized bolts occurred three of seven times. Bark beetles transmited V. procera to eastern white pine bolts less frequently than weevils. Transmission of the fungus to seedlings did not occur. These studies suggest that insect vectors are important for spread of V. procera, and that weevils are probably the primary vectors.

Bionomics of the pine needle scale (Hemiptera: Diaspididae), an emerging pest in Christmas tree (Pinaceae) plantations in southern Québec, Canada

2018 ◽  
Vol 150 (5) ◽  
pp. 632-636 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Frdéric Guay ◽  
Amy Bernier-Desmarais ◽  
Jean-François Doherty ◽  
Conrad Cloutier
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Scale Insects ◽  
Tree Plantations ◽  
Christmas Tree ◽  
Pine Needle ◽  
Abies Fraseri ◽  
Fraser Fir ◽  
Christmas Trees ◽  
Significant Damage ◽  
The Status

AbstractThe pine needle scale, Chionaspis pinifoliae (Fitch) (Hemiptera: Diaspididae), has the status of an emerging pest in Christmas tree (Pinaceae) plantations in Québec, Canada. The scale is not known to cause any significant damage yet and is not generally monitored by growers. However, it can be an obstacle for exportation to Christmas tree markets where scale insects are strictly regulated. In this study, we describe its life cycle in Christmas tree plantations in southern Québec. We confirm the presence of both parthenogenetic and sexual forms of the scale on Fraser fir Abies fraseri (Pursh) Poiret (Pinaceae) grown as Christmas trees, and of parasitoid and Coccinellidae (Coleoptera) specialists that could contribute to its control.

Rare forest types in northeastern Ontario: a classification and analysis of representation in protected areas

2010 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 423-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles R. Drever ◽  
James Snider ◽  
Mark C. Drever
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Red Oak ◽  
Betula Alleghaniensis ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Yellow Birch ◽  
Eastern White Pine ◽  
Habitat Specificity ◽  
White Cedar ◽  
Eastern White Cedar

Our objective was to assess the relative rarity and representation within protected areas of Standard Forest Units (SFUs) in northeastern Ontario by applying the concepts of geographic range, habitat specificity, and local population size. SFUs are stand type classifications, routinely employed by forest managers, based on tree composition, disturbance history, and prescribed silvicultural system. We identified several SFUs as rare because of a narrow distribution, association with only one landform type, or lack of at least one stand larger than an ecoregion-specific threshold. In the Boreal forest, rare SFUs comprised stands dominated by eastern hemlock ( Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carrière), red oak ( Quercus rubra L.), yellow birch ( Betula alleghaniensis Britt.), or eastern white-cedar ( Thuja occidentalis L.). Rare SFUs also included eastern white pine ( Pinus strobus L.) and (or) red pine ( Pinus resinosa Ait.) leading stands managed by shelterwood or seed tree silviculture as well as low-lying deciduous stands and selection-managed stands of shade-tolerant species. In the Great Lakes – St. Lawrence forest, rare SFUs were yellow birch stands, stands dominated by conifer species abundant in the Boreal, and shelterwood-managed hardwood stands. Several rare SFUs had <12% of their total area in protection, i.e., stands dominated by eastern white pine, yellow birch, eastern white pine – red oak, or eastern white-cedar. These rare stand types require increased protection in reserves and tailored silvicultural practices to maintain their probability of persistence.

Species mixture effects in northern red oak–eastern white pine stands in Maine, USA

2013 ◽  
Vol 298 ◽  
pp. 71-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin Waskiewicz ◽  
Laura Kenefic ◽  
Aaron Weiskittel ◽  
Robert Seymour
Keyword(s):  
Red Oak ◽  
Northern Red Oak ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Eastern White Pine ◽  
Mixture Effects ◽  
Species Mixture ◽  
Pine Stands

scholarly journals Eastern white pine and eastern hemlock growth: possible tradeoffs in response of canopy trees to climate

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca L. Stern ◽  
Paul Schaberg ◽  
Shelly A Rayback ◽  
Paula F. Murakami ◽  
Christopher Hansen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Eastern Hemlock ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Eastern White Pine ◽  
Canopy Trees ◽  
Pollutant Deposition ◽  
Summer Temperatures ◽  
Spring Temperatures ◽  
Over Time

A warming climate and extended growing season may confer competitive advantages to temperate conifers that can photosynthesize across seasons. Whether this potential translates into increased growth is unclear, as is whether pollution could constrain growth. We examined two temperate conifers - eastern white pine (Pinus strobus L.) and eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carrière) - and analyzed associations between growth (476 trees in 23 plots) and numerous factors, including climate and pollutant deposition variables. Both species exhibited increasing growth over time and eastern white pine showed greater maximum growth. Higher spring temperatures were associated with greater growth for both species, as were higher autumnal temperatures for eastern hemlock. Negative correlations were observed with previous year (eastern hemlock) and current year (eastern white pine) summer temperatures. Spring and summer moisture availability were positively correlated with growth for eastern white pine throughout its chronology, whereas for hemlock, correlations with moisture shifted from being significant with current year’s growth to previous year’s growth over time. The growth of these temperate conifers might benefit from higher spring (both species) and fall (eastern hemlock) temperatures, though this could be offset by reductions in growth associated with hotter, drier summers.

scholarly journals AIR-LAYERING OF EASTERN WHITE PINE (Pinus strobus L.)

1959 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Farrar ◽  
W. D. McJannet
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Strobus ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Eastern White Pine
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