Hepatic Capacitance Vessel Responses to Bilateral Carotid Occlusion in Anesthetized Cats

1972 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 244-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. W. Lautt ◽  
C. V. Greenway
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Blood Volume ◽  
Baroreceptor Reflex ◽  
Carotid Occlusion ◽  
Capacitance Vessel ◽  
Bilateral Carotid Occlusion ◽  
Bilateral Carotid ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Hepatic Volume ◽  
The Mean

Hepatic volume was recorded by a plethysmographic technique in cats anesthetized with pentobarbital; the hepatic artery and portal vein remained intact. The mean change in hepatic blood volume during bilateral carotid occlusion was less than 2% and there was no significant difference between responses in innervated and denervated livers. These results, together with other reports in the literature, support the conclusion that capacitance vessel responses, a redistribution of blood volume, a change in cardiac output, and release of catecholamines from the adrenal medullae do not occur in arterial baroreceptor reflex responses.

Effect of Bilateral Occlusion of Common Carotid Arteries on Cardiac Output and Oxygen Content of Arterial and Venous Blood in the Anesthetized Dog

1956 ◽  
Vol 185 (3) ◽  
pp. 483-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shirley H. Brind ◽  
Joseph R. Bianchine ◽  
Matthew N. Levy
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Oxygen Content ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Carotid Occlusion ◽  
Systemic Hypertension ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Venous Oxygen Content ◽  
Bilateral Carotid Occlusion ◽  
Bilateral Carotid ◽  
Common Carotid Arteries

Changes in cardiac output, mean arterial blood pressure, hematocrit ratio, and arterial and venous oxygen content resulting from bilateral carotid occlusion were investigated. Cardiac output exhibited no significant alteration during endosinusal hypotension, and the systemic hypertension engendered was attributed to an increase in vasomotor tone. Arterial and venous oxygen content, as well as hematocrit ratio, increased significantly during the period of carotid occlusion. This increase was ascribed to splenic contraction evoked by carotid occlusion, since no comparable augmentation was observed when the splenic circulation was temporarily interrupted.

Blood reservoir function of dog spleen, liver, and intestine

1977 ◽  
Vol 232 (1) ◽  
pp. H67-H72 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. Carneiro ◽  
D. E. Donald
Keyword(s):  
Blood Volume ◽  
Experimental Situation ◽  
Splanchnic Circulation ◽  
Carotid Occlusion ◽  
Reservoir Function ◽  
Bilateral Carotid Occlusion ◽  
Bilateral Carotid ◽  
Severe Hemorrhage ◽  
Blood Volumes ◽  
Blood Reservoir

The reflex decrease in blood volume of the spleen, the liver, and the intestine of vagotomized dogs was measured by plethysmographic techniques during bilateral carotid occlusion and moderate and severe hemorrhage. The volume of blood mobilized from each organ during carotid occlusion and moderate hemorrhage was from 6 to 30% of their respective blood volumes and from 55 to 81% during severe hemorrhage. In each experimental situation the spleen exhibited the greatest ability to release blood and the intestine, the least. During moderate hemorrhage (9 ml/kg) the spleen yielded a volume equal to 35% of the blood lost, the liver 14% and the intestine 7%. Comparable figures for severe hemorrhage were 26, 13, and 5%, respectively. This order of ranking the component regions of the splanchnic circulation with regard to function as a blood reservoir may be specific for the dog

Effect of thiamylal on the response to carotid occlusion and mild hemorrhage in rabbits

1984 ◽  
Vol 246 (6) ◽  
pp. H806-H810 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Yamazaki ◽  
K. Sagawa
Keyword(s):  
Mean Arterial Pressure ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Conscious State ◽  
Systemic Arterial Pressure ◽  
Carotid Occlusion ◽  
Bilateral Carotid Occlusion ◽  
Bilateral Carotid ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Intact Condition

The effects of anesthesia (thiamylal, 30 mg/kg) on steady-state mean arterial pressure responses to bilateral carotid occlusion (BCO) and rapid 8% hemorrhage were studied in 11 rabbits chronically instrumented with an arterial pressure catheter and balloon occluders on the common carotid arteries. The BCO was repeated in the conscious and anesthetized states both before and after transecting the aortic nerves (AN). With the AN intact, the BCO response was an increase in mean systemic arterial pressure of 23.6 +/- 2.1 (SE) mmHg in the conscious state and 24.7 +/- 1.2 in the anesthetized state. With the AN cut (AN) BCO response was 46.2 +/- 1.7 mmHg in conscious state and 45.7 +/- 2.6 in anesthetized state. There was no significant difference in BCO response between conscious and anesthetized states, whether the AN was present or absent. The hemorrhage experiment was repeated on separate days under various conditions, including carotid sinus reflex elimination (CS). With AN intact the posthemorrhage fall in mean arterial pressure (delta MAPh) was 3.2 +/- 0.6 mmHg in the conscious state. Under anesthesia, delta MAPh was 3.4 +/- 0.6 mmHg in the AN intact condition, 7.3 +/- 0.9 in AN, and 34.5 +/- 6.8 in (AN + CS). There was no significant difference in delta MAP between the conscious and anesthetized states under the intact AN condition. We conclude that, in the rabbit, thiamylal anesthesia has little effect on the BCO response and the restoration of arterial pressure after a mild hemorrhage.

CARDIAC OUTPUT AND RELATED HEMODYNAMIC DATA IN NORMAL CHILDREN AND ADULTS

1961 ◽  
Vol 39 (11) ◽  
pp. 1747-1753
Author(s):  
W. Jegier ◽  
P. Sekelj ◽  
H. T. Davenport ◽  
M. McGregor
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Blood Volume ◽  
Central Blood Volume ◽  
Normal Children ◽  
P Values ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Normal Adults ◽  
Dilution Curves

Cardiac output, so-called "central blood volume", "slope volume", and time–concentration components of indicator dilution curves were measured in 28 normal children (5–13 years) and 18 normal adults (24–54) years. Determinations were based on dye dilution curves obtained from peripherally injected Evans blue T-1824, using a computing ear oximeter. Average values and ranges of cardiac index in children were 3.19 ± 0.75 (1.92–4.48) liters/minute/sq.meter and 3.06 ± 0.76 (2.04–4.09) liters/minutes/sq.meter in adults. There was no significant difference between the mean values (P > 0.50). Close similarity was also observed between the means, standard deviations, and ranges for "central blood volume", "slope volume", and the time–concentration components in children and adults when differences in body size were accounted for. No significant differences were observed between the corresponding values in the two groups. (All P values were greater than 0.25.) Correlations of various experimental data to body surface area are presented.

Systemic responses to carotid occlusion in the anesthetized rat

1992 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 1247-1254 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Lash ◽  
E. Haase ◽  
A. A. Shoukas
Keyword(s):  
Pressor Response ◽  
Cardiovascular Responses ◽  
Artery Occlusion ◽  
Carotid Artery Occlusion ◽  
Carotid Occlusion ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Bilateral Carotid Occlusion ◽  
Bilateral Common Carotid Artery ◽  
Bilateral Carotid ◽  
Common Carotid Artery Occlusion

We evaluated the effects of four standard anesthetization regimens on the systemic cardiovascular responses to bilateral common carotid artery occlusion in 28 adult male rats. Rats were randomly assigned to anesthesia groups: thiopental sodium (PT; 100 mg/kg ip), alpha-chloralose (CH; 100 mg/kg iv), ketamine hydrochloride plus acepromazine (KA; 135 mg/kg and 1.5 mg/kg sc), and pentobarbital sodium (PB; 50 mg/kg ip). PT and PB animals had similar baseline heart rates (HR; 333 and 345 beats/min, respectively) and arterial pressures (MAP; 126 and 118 mmHg, respectively), whereas both were lower in CH and KA (314 and 288 beats/min, 92 and 85 mmHg). During bilateral carotid occlusion, PT demonstrated the largest change in MAP (dMAP; +27 mmHg) but the smallest change in HR (dHR; +8 beats/min). CH and PB demonstrated similar dHR (+24 and +16 beats/min) and dMAP (+20 and +19 mmHg). KA demonstrated a significant dHR (+14 beats/min), but the average dMAP was not statistically significant (+3 mmHg). Therefore, carotid occlusion in rats anesthetized with PT, PB, or CH consistently elicits a systemic arterial pressor response comparable with that reported for conscious animals. When the magnitude and stability of baseline HR and MAP are also considered, PT and PB anesthetization seem to be the most reliable for evaluation of the carotid occlusion pressor response in rats.

Differential effect of behavior on cardiac and vasomotor baroreflex responses

1986 ◽  
Vol 251 (1) ◽  
pp. R126-R136 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. Combs ◽  
O. A. Smith ◽  
C. A. Astley ◽  
E. O. Feigl
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Peripheral Circulation ◽  
Baroreceptor Reflex ◽  
Aortic Blood Flow ◽  
Renal Vasoconstriction ◽  
Bilateral Carotid Occlusion ◽  
Bilateral Carotid ◽  
Carotid Sinus Baroreflex

Bilateral carotid occlusion was performed in seven baboons during dynamic leg exercise, static arm exercise, feeding, rest, and sleep. The baroreceptor reflex effects on blood pressure, heart rate and interval, renal blood flow, and terminal aortic blood flow were determined during each behavior. The carotid sinus baroreflex increase in blood pressure and heart rate was greatest during sleep and least during exercise. The hindlimb and renal vasomotor responses followed different patterns. The baroreceptor reflex sensitivity for renal vasoconstriction was greatest during rest and least during sleep. The reflex sensitivity in the hindlimb was unaltered by behavior. Thus behavior modifies baroreceptor reflex responses in the heart and peripheral circulation in different patterns.

scholarly journals Severe autogenously fecal peritonitis in Wistar rats with permanent bilateral carotid occlusion. Response to intra peritoneal moxifloxacin combined with dexamethasone

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 76-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Cecília Santos Cavalcanti Melo ◽  
Diego Nery Benevides Gadelha ◽  
Thárcia Kiara Beserra Oliveira ◽  
Carlos Teixeira Brandt
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Carotid Occlusion ◽  
Fecal Peritonitis ◽  
Bilateral Carotid Occlusion ◽  
Bilateral Carotid
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