North American earthworms native to Vancouver Island and the Olympic Peninsula
The following native earthworms from the spruce-hemlock forest region of western North America are described: Lumbricidae: Bimastos lawrenceae Fender, n.sp. from Vancouver Island; Megascolecidae: five new species of Arctiostrotus McKey-Fender, 1982, including A. vancouverensis McKey-Fender, n.sp. from Vancouver Island and the Olympic Peninsula, A. pluvialis McKey-Fender, n.sp. and A. adunatus McKey-Fender, n.sp. from the Olympic Peninsula, A. fontinalis McKey-Fender, n.sp. from northwestern Oregon and western Washington, and A. johnsoni McKey-Fender, n.sp. from western Washington. The known species A. perrieri (Benham, 1892) and A. altmani (Gates, 1942) are redescribed, as is the Vancouver Island population of Toutellus oregonensis (Smith, 1937). Ecology, biology, and references to some associated biota and a key are included.