Descriptions of two loxosomatids (Entoprocta), with emphasis on a relationship between symbiont attachment structures and host cuticle

Information is provided on a new species of Loxosomella, L. diopatricola, with unusual characteristics that is symbiotic with tubicolous polychaetes of the genus Diopatra. Plasticity is displayed in the morphology of the attachment organ: the new loxosomatid possesses a stalk terminating in either a persistent pedal gland or an enlarged adhesive disc. An individual animal develops one or other of the two stalk morphologies according to its exact location on the host and the thickness of the underlying cuticle. The host epidermis underlying individuals with an adhesive disc is, in turn, modified, suggesting that these symbionts may negatively affect their hosts. Females possessed a single ovary, nearly always on the left side. The larva lacks eyespots. Buds were borne only by males. A minute species of Loxosomella commensal on polychaetes of the genus Eunice, characterised by 6 tentacles and a very short stalk, is also described. A grooved foot is present in the bud and a pedal gland is retained in the adult. The larva apparently undergoes metamorphosis.

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A new species of Tethycometes Sara 1994 (Porifera: Hadromerida: Tethyidae) from Singapore

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.1841.1.6 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 1841 (1) ◽

pp. 65

Author(s):

SWEE CHENG LIM ◽

KOH SIANG TAN

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Type Species ◽

Relative Length ◽

The Body ◽

Andaman Islands ◽

Island Southeast Asia ◽

Short Stalk ◽

Basal Half ◽

The Tropics ◽

A New Species

Eight species of stalked tethyids have been described previously from the tropics (Sarà & Burlando, 1994; Van Soest et al., 2005; Sarà, 2002). These stalked species are now placed in three genera, namely, Halicometes Topsent, 1898, Burtonitethya Sarà, 1994, and Tethycometes Sarà, 1994. The three genera are distinguished principally on the relative length of the stalk in relation to the size of the hemispherical body which is attached to one end of the stalk (Sarà, 1994, 2002; Sarà & Burlando, 1994). Members of the genus Halicometes have stalks between two and four times the length of the body. Six species have been described from depths of 150–2100 m in the Atlantic and Indo-Pacific regions (Sarà, 2002). In contrast, the monotypic Burtonitethya is characterized by a short stalk that is only as long as the subspherical body. The type species B. gemmiformis Sarà, 1994 was described from the Andaman Islands from an unknown depth (Sarà, 1994, 2002). More recently, specimens collected off Java in 1900 at a depth of 82 m and possessing a long stalk eight times the length of the ovoid body were designated as type species for Tethycometes (see Sarà, 1994, 2002). This paper describes a new species of Tethycometes dredged from waters less than 15 m deep off the coast of Singapore Island, Southeast Asia. With a long stalk eight times the length of its ovoid body, it is the second species to be assigned to the recently erected genus Tethycometes. It differs from the type species T. sibogae Sarà, 1994 in the presence of oxyspherasters which form a thin but distinct cortex. It also differs from all other stalked tethyids in having a partially detached tangential skeleton surrounding the stalk, as well as in possessing rooting processes emanating from the basal half of the stalk.

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The new sponge species Amphoriscus pedunculatus (Porifera, Calcarea)

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4341.1.9 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4341 (1) ◽

pp. 105 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

MICHELLE KLAUTAU ◽

FERNANDA F. CAVALCANTI ◽

RADOVAN BOROJEVIC

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Special Structure ◽

Sponge Species ◽

The Third ◽

Se Brazil ◽

Attachment Structures ◽

Special Attachment ◽

A New Species

Amphoriscus is a widespread genus with 17 species. A new species was found in SE Brazil and it represents the second species of this genus in Brazilian waters. Amphoriscus pedunculatus sp. nov. has a special structure, a peduncle, to attach to the substrate. Special attachment structures are not very common in the class Calcarea but this is the third species of the genus with a peduncle. Besides peduncle, another attachment structure found in some species of Amphoriscus is the root-tuft, an attachment structure composed of diactines and anchor-like triactines or tetractines. The evolution of these attachment structures in Amphoriscus is not known but they have also been found out of this genus, suggesting that these structures appeared several times during the evolution of Calcarea or that species currently classified in different genera are in fact congeneric.

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A new species of Tripartiella (Ciliophora: Trichodinidae) from Aequidens tetramerus (Perciformes: Cichlidae) in north Brazil

Brazilian Journal of Biology ◽

10.1590/1519-6984.19014 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 76 (2) ◽

pp. 435-438 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M. L. Martins ◽

N. Marchiori ◽

L. S. Bittencourt ◽

M. Tavares-Dias

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Room Temperature ◽

Morphometric Data ◽

Adhesive Disc ◽

Body Diameter ◽

Total Prevalence ◽

North Brazil ◽

A New Species

Abstract A new species of Tripartiella is described from the gills of the wild saddle cichlid Aequidens tetramerus in north Brazil. Wet smears of skin and gills of examined fish were air-dried at room temperature and impregnated with Klein’s dry silver method for examination of the adhesive disc’s structures and denticles. Total prevalence of parasitism was 65%. This ciliate is characterized as a small-sized trichodinid, body diameter 37.03 ± 4.9 μm, adhesive disc 30.50 ± 2.71 μm, denticulate ring 13.28 ± 0.8 μm and 24 ± 2.0 denticles. Taxonomic and morphometric data for the new species are discussed.

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New species and new records of Miroculis Edmunds (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae) from Southeastern Brazil

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.2740.1.5 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 2740 (1) ◽

pp. 53 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

F. F. SALLES ◽

M. M. LIMA

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Environmental Protection ◽

New Records ◽

Color Pattern ◽

The State ◽

Southeastern Brazil ◽

Short Stalk ◽

Dorsal Portion ◽

First Time ◽

A New Species

In the present work, based mainly on material from environmental protection areas in the State of Espírito Santo, we describe a new species of Miroculis (Miroculis). The male imago of M. (M.) caparaoensis, sp. nov. can be distinguished from other members of the subgenus by the following combination of characteristics: 1) dorsal portion of eyes on a short stalk, dorsal upper portion circular with 12–18 large-sized facets in longest row; 2) forewings with membrane translucid, longitudinal and crossveins brown; 3) abdominal color pattern; 4) posteromedian margin of styliger plate with small concavity; 5) penes length approximately 0.70 length of forceps segment 1. Miroculis (Ommaethus) mourei and M. (M.) fittkaui are reported for the first time from the region.

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