An Optimized Design for Compact Masked AES S-Box Based on Composite Field and Common Subexpression Elimination Algorithm

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (11) ◽  
pp. 1850171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunfei Ye ◽  
Ning Wu ◽  
Xiaoqiang Zhang ◽  
Liling Dong ◽  
Fang Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Advanced Encryption Standard ◽  
Optimized Design ◽  
Resource Constrained ◽  
The Core ◽  
Fast Speed ◽  
Elimination Algorithm ◽  
Composite Field ◽  
Common Subexpression Elimination ◽  
Resistance Performance ◽  
Nonlinear Operation

As the only nonlinear operation, masked S-box is the core to resist differential power attack (DPA) for advanced encryption standard (AES) cipher chips. In order to suit for the resource-constrained applications, a compact masked S-box based on composite field is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the architecture of masked S-box is designed with composite field masking method. Secondly, four masked S-boxes based on GF ((2[Formula: see text], which are based on four basis methods with the optimal coefficient and the corresponding optimal root, are implemented and optimized by the delay-aware common subexpression elimination (DACSE) algorithm. Finally, experimental results show that, while maintaining the DPA-resistance performance, our best masked S-box achieves better area performance with the fastest speed compared with the existing works. Therefore, our masked S-box is suitable for resource-constrained applications with fast speed requirements.

Preparation and Property Evaluation of Anionic Clean Fracturing Fluid

2012 ◽  
Vol 602-604 ◽  
pp. 1238-1242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guan Jun Liu ◽  
Xiao Rui Li ◽  
Li Jun Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Anionic Surfactant ◽  
Shear Resistance ◽  
Sedimentation Velocity ◽  
Fracturing Fluid ◽  
Temperature Resistance ◽  
The Core ◽  
Damage Rate ◽  
Property Evaluation ◽  
Resistance Performance

An anionic surfactant clean fracturing fluid was synthesized and its main performance was studied. The viscosity of fracturing fluid increased with increasing dosage of anionic surfactant. And the viscosity of fracturing fluid increased first, and then decreased with increasing concentration of KCl. The viscosity reached maximum 360 mPa•s when the KCl content is 2.7%. The results showed that the fracturing fluid had best temperature resistance and shear resistance performance under the condition of 100°C and at the shearing rate of 170 s-1. The sedimentation velocity of sand in the fracturing fluid are about 11.124, 18.840 mm/min at the temperature of 80°C and 120°C respectively. It indicated that the fracturing fluid has a better sand-carrying performance. The viscosity of fracturing fluid decreased below 5 mPa•s during 70 minutes when the dosage of kerosene was 3%, and the surface tension of the breaker fluid is 26.10 mN/m while the interfacial tension is 0.73mN/m. The low surface tension can meet the requirements of operation. The damage rate to the core is 7.65% and the fracturing fluid has lower damage to core than guar gel.

PERFORMANCE CHARACTERIZATION OF PIPELINED S-BOX IMPLEMENTATIONS FOR THE ADVANCED ENCRYPTION STANDARD

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (03) ◽  
pp. 1450036
Author(s):  
CHENG WANG ◽  
HOWARD M. HEYS
Keyword(s):  
Performance Improvement ◽  
Cmos Technology ◽  
Field Structure ◽  
Advanced Encryption Standard ◽  
Substitution Box ◽  
Component Level ◽  
Comprehensive Investigation ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Composite Field

In this paper, we present a comprehensive investigation of the influence of pipeline configurations on the performance of ASIC implementations of the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) substitution box (S-box) based on a composite field structure. We consider pipeline configurations for the S-box with a typical composite field structure by varying the number of pipeline stages and the placement approach of pipeline registers. Besides the conventional placement approach at the component level of the S-box, we adopt a new placement approach at the gate level to achieve a fine-grained pipeline. The performance of the pipelined S-boxes is characterized based on a 90-nm standard cell CMOS technology. The characterization shows that there is notable performance improvement in timing, area, power and/or energy efficiency by using an appropriate configuration compared with other configurations including non-pipelined implementations. These results are strong evidence that pipelined S-box implementations are not only suitable for high throughput AES implementations, but also valuable to resource-efficient AES implementations. In addition, it is also shown that pipelining provides many more performance options that allow more flexible implementation of the AES S-box compared with non-pipelined implementations.

scholarly journals TGHop: an explainable, efficient, and lightweight method for texture generation

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuejing Lei ◽  
Ganning Zhao ◽  
Kaitai Zhang ◽  
C.-C. Jay Kuo
Keyword(s):  
Deep Neural Networks ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Real Samples ◽  
The Core ◽  
Fast Speed ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Texture Generation ◽  
Model Size ◽  
Small Model ◽  
Computationally Expensive

An explainable, efficient, and lightweight method for texture generation, called TGHop (an acronym of Texture Generation PixelHop), is proposed in this work. Although synthesis of visually pleasant texture can be achieved by deep neural networks, the associated models are large in size, difficult to explain in theory, and computationally expensive in training. In contrast, TGHop is small in its model size, mathematically transparent, efficient in training and inference, and able to generate high-quality texture. Given an exemplary texture, TGHop first crops many sample patches out of it to form a collection of sample patches called the source. Then, it analyzes pixel statistics of samples from the source and obtains a sequence of fine-to-coarse subspaces for these patches by using the PixelHop++ framework. To generate texture patches with TGHop, we begin with the coarsest subspace, which is called the core, and attempt to generate samples in each subspace by following the distribution of real samples. Finally, texture patches are stitched to form texture images of a large size. It is demonstrated by experimental results that TGHop can generate texture images of superior quality with a small model size and at a fast speed.

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