Energy level and half-life determinations from photonuclear reaction on Ga target

Photonuclear reactions are important tools in the understanding of the nucleus. These reactions are also interesting for realizing the element creation processes in stellar environment. The use of bremsstrahlung photons generated from clinic linear accelerator is practical for performing these type of reactions. In this study, the bremsstrahlung photons with endpoint energy of 18[Formula: see text]MeV have been used for activating gallium target material. After irradiation, the transition energies and half-lives associated with the decay of [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] isotopes have been determined The values obtained for half-life of [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] isotopes are [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]min, [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]min and [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]h, respectively. It has been seen that the values are consistent with the present literature values. In addition, the new measurements of gamma-ray energies for transition energies have been obtained comparable to the literature values with good uncertainties.

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Transition energy and half-life determinations of photonuclear reaction products of erbium nuclei

International Journal of Modern Physics E ◽

10.1142/s021830131650107x ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 25 (12) ◽

pp. 1650107 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Tuncay Bayram ◽

Serkan Akkoyun ◽

Serhat Uruk ◽

Haris Dapo ◽

Fatih Dulger ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Half Life ◽

Photonuclear Reaction ◽

Gamma Ray ◽

Radiation Transport ◽

Reactor Core ◽

Residual Activity ◽

Radiation Shielding ◽

Photonuclear Reactions ◽

Reaction Products ◽

Nuclear Science

Photon induced reactions are called as photonuclear reactions and used in many research fields of nuclear science and nuclear physics. The photonuclear data are used in many nuclear applications such as radiation shielding and protection, radiation transport analyses, reactor core design, activation analysis and nuclear waste transmutation. In the past, many studies had been devoted to extract photonuclear data covering the isotopic chart. However, there is still lack of existing data. In the present study, we have performed photonuclear reactions on erbium (Er) target by using clinical electron linear accelerators (cLINAC). By using measured residual activity of photonuclear reaction products of Er nuclei, we have determined the half-life of [Formula: see text]Er nucleus and transition energies of [Formula: see text]Ho nucleus. Also, new measurements on gamma-ray energies of the products have been determined accurately. Furthermore, this study shows that repurposed cLINAC with limited budget can contribute to the global nuclear science knowledge.

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Using a clinical linac to determine the energies of gamma-ray transitions and half-lives of barium nuclei

Modern Physics Letters A ◽

10.1142/s0217732320500625 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 35 (10) ◽

pp. 2050062

Author(s):

Abdullah Engin Çalık ◽

Kaan Manisa ◽

Ahmet Biçer ◽

Mehmet Erdoğan ◽

Mürsel Şen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gamma Rays ◽

Linear Accelerator ◽

Nuclear Physics ◽

Hpge Detector ◽

Gamma Ray ◽

Energy Levels ◽

Photonuclear Reactions ◽

High Purity Germanium ◽

Physics Experiment ◽

First Time

Photonuclear reactions have great importance in understanding the structure of the nuclei. These reactions, performed using the gamma rays obtained by way of bremsstrahlung, are a standard nuclear physics experiment. In this study, a non-enriched barium sample was activated for the first time by using a clinical linear accelerator (cLINACs). The spectrum of barium radioisotopes was obtained by using a gamma spectrometry with a high purity germanium (HPGe) detector. The obtained spectroscopic data were analyzed and energy levels and half-life values together with their uncertainties were obtained. Some energy levels and half-lives of [Formula: see text]Ba were determined with more precision than those of literature values.

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Study of the $^{nat}$Sm$(\gamma ,xn)^{143m,g}$Sm Reactions Induced by Bremsstrahlung with End-point Energies Just above GDR Region

Communications in Physics ◽

10.15625/0868-3166/24/3s2/5050 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 24 (3S2) ◽

pp. 38-44

Author(s):

Pham Duc Khue ◽

Nguyen Van Do

Keyword(s):

Linear Accelerator ◽

Gamma Ray ◽

Spectrometric Method ◽

Electron Linear Accelerator ◽

Gdr Region ◽

Dipole Resonance ◽

Bremsstrahlung Photons ◽

Isomeric Yield ◽

Pohang Accelerator Laboratory ◽

Input Angular Momentum

We investigate the energy dependence of the isomeric yield ratios for the $^{nat}$Sm$(\gamma ,xn)^{143m,g}$Sm reactions with bremsstrahlung energies of 40-, 45-, and 50-MeV, just above the giant dipole resonance (GDR) region by the off-line $\gamma $-ray spectrometric method. The bremsstrahlung photons were produced from the 100 MeV electron linear accelerator (linac) at the Pohang accelerator laboratory (PAL), Pohang, Korea. In order to improve the accuracy of the experimental results the necessary corrections were made. The present results are compared with similar literature data of the $^{nat}$Sm($\gamma $,xn)$^{143m,g}$Sm reactions measured at various photon energies and of the $^{nat}$Sm(n,2n)$^{143m,g}$Sm reaction induced by 14 MeV neutrons in order to examine the effects of an excitation energy and an input angular momentum.

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Kris—A computer program for the least-squares resolution of gamma-ray spectra by half-life and gamma-ray energy

Journal of Radioanalytical Chemistry ◽

10.1007/bf02513679 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 375-382 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

B. W. Hoffman ◽

R. E. Wainerdi

Keyword(s):

Computer Program ◽

Least Squares ◽

Half Life ◽

Gamma Ray

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STUDY OF Ir191m

Canadian Journal of Physics ◽

10.1139/p58-129 ◽

1958 ◽

Vol 36 (10) ◽

pp. 1253-1260 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

J. A. R. Cloutier ◽

A. Henrikson

Keyword(s):

Half Life ◽

Gamma Ray

Using the McGill 100-Mev proton synchro-cyclotron, the half-life of Ir191m has been redetermined and the value 4.53 ± 0.18 s obtained from 55 trials. The mass assignment is here based on the study of the excitation curves for both osmium and iridium targets. The measured αk = 2.0 ± 0.3 for the observed 126 ± 6 kev gamma ray is consistent with the M1 + E2 assignment previously made. No 42-kev gamma ray could be detected.

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Development of Gold Nanoparticle Radiotracers for Investigating Multiphase System in Process Industries

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.545.105 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 545 ◽

pp. 105-110 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Mohd Amirul Syafiq Mohd Yunos ◽

Siti Aslina Hussain ◽

Jaafar Abdullah ◽

Engku Mohd Fahmi Engku Chik ◽

Noraishah Othman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gold Nanoparticles ◽

Nuclear Reactor ◽

Gamma Ray ◽

Sol Gel ◽

Target Material ◽

Multiphase System ◽

Core Shell ◽

Shell Nanoparticles ◽

Process Industries ◽

Citrate Reduction

This paper describes the development of colloidal Au-SiO2 with core-shell structure nanoparticle radioactive tracers by neutron activation in nuclear reactor that produce Au-198 (T1/2=2.7 d) emitting gamma ray of 412 keV. Using conventional citrate-reduction method, gold nanoparticles were prepared from its corresponding metal salts in aqueous solution then coated with uniform shells of amorphous silica via a sol-gel reaction. The citrate-reduction-based method provides gold nanoparticles with higher concentration and narrow size distribution. By using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), the resultant of particle size and silica coatings could be varied from tens to several hundred of nanometers by controlling the catalyzer and precipitation time. Au-SiO2 core-shell nanostructure is good to prevent the particles from getting agglomerated resulting in a big mass. In addition, silica surface offer very good chances that make the hydrophobic and hydrophilic behavior on the gold nanoparticles. EDXRF spectrum has proven that Au-SiO2 core-shell nanoparticles sample consists purely of a gold and silica particles. This target material of radiotracer application used to investigate multiphase system in process industries without disturbing the system operation.

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