scholarly journals MANAGING UNCERTAINTY AND AMBIGUITY IN GATES: DECISION MAKING IN AEROSPACE PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (02) ◽  
pp. 1450012 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHRISTIAN JOHANSSON
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Product Development ◽  
Knowledge Base ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
The Way

This paper investigates decision making in the stage-gate process used by an aerospace manufacturer. More specifically, it focuses on the way decision makers deal with uncertainties and ambiguities when making decisions. The stage-gate model was found to be a discussion trigger — a boundary negotiating artefact — through which stakeholders bring issues to the table, reflect on uncertainties, and decide in what areas more knowledge is needed. Managers should be aware that the knowledge base might not always be perfect and should make use of the sensemaking capabilities of the stage-gate model and the gate meeting to mitigate and improve the knowledge base. This paper elaborates on formalized knowledge-based criteria so as to support this evaluation of the knowledge base.

scholarly journals Reliability Implementation and Cost Trade-off of Product during the Development Process

2018 ◽  
Vol 221 ◽  
pp. 02003
Author(s):  
Wei Wang ◽  
Yuan Li ◽  
Qi Zhang ◽  
Weijia Feng ◽  
Huichao Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Product Development ◽  
Optimization Model ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Product Development Process ◽  
Optimal Parameters ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Work Input ◽  
Environmental Adaptability

Modern product needs to meet the reliability requirements during the development process. The reliability in this paper refers to an integral view of a product’s reliability, maintainability, supportability, testability, safety and environmental adaptability. However, during the product development process, the two problems are how to evaluate the implementation and how to determine the work input costs of reliability. This paper proposes a method to evaluate the degree of reliability implementation. And it researches the schemes and targets decision-making method based on trade-off analysis. Through establishing and solving trade-off optimization model, the results can help decision makers find the optimal parameters program and cost goals.

Decision-Making Support Systems

2005 ◽  
pp. 759-765 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guisseppi Forgionne ◽  
Manuel Mora ◽  
Jatinder N.D. Gupta ◽  
Ovsei Gelman
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
Information Systems ◽  
Support Systems ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Knowledge Based Systems ◽  
Executive Information Systems ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
Decision Making Support

Decision-making support systems (DMSS) are specialized computer-based information systems designed to support some, several or all phases of the decision-making process (Forgionne et al., 2000). They have the stand-alone or integrated capabilities of decision support systems (DSS), executive information systems (EIS) and expert systems/knowledge based systems (ES/KBS). Individual EIS, DSS, and ES/KBS, or pair-integrated combinations of these systems, have yielded substantial benefits for decision makers in real applications.

scholarly journals Barriers to Equitable Public Participation in Health-System Priority Setting Within the Context of Decentralization: The Case of Vulnerable Women in a Ugandan District

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Donya Razavi ◽  
Lydia Kapiriri ◽  
Julia Abelson ◽  
Michael Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Health System ◽  
Public Participation ◽  
Priority Setting ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Qualitative Description ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Women's Participation ◽  
Healthcare Decision Making ◽  
Tororo District

Background: Decentralization of healthcare decision-making in Uganda led to the promotion of public participation. To facilitate this, participatory structures have been developed at sub-national levels. However, the degree to which the participation structures have contributed to improving the participation of vulnerable populations, specifically vulnerable women, remains unclear. We aim to understand whether and how vulnerable women participate in health-system priority setting; identify any barriers to vulnerable women’s participation; and to establish how the barriers to vulnerable women’s participation can be addressed. Methods: We used a qualitative description study design involving interviews with district decision-makers (n=12), sub-county leaders (n=10), and vulnerable women (n=35) living in Tororo District, Uganda. Data was collected between May and June 2017. The analysis was conducting using an editing analysis style. Results: The vulnerable women expressed interest in participating in priority setting, believing they would make valuable contributions. However, both decision-makers and vulnerable women reported that vulnerable women did not consistently participate in decision-making, despite participatory structures that were instituted through decentralization. There are financial (transportation and lack of incentives), biomedical (illness/disability and menstruation), knowledge-based (lack of knowledge and/or information about participation), motivational (perceived disinterest, lack of feedback, and competing needs), socio-cultural (lack of decision-making power), and structural (hunger and poverty) barriers which hamper vulnerable women’s participation. Conclusion: The identified barriers hinder vulnerable women’s participation in health-system priority setting. Some of the barriers could be addressed through the existing decentralization participatory structures. Respondents made both short-term, feasible recommendations and more systemic, ideational recommendations to improve vulnerable women’s participation. Integrating the vulnerable women’s creative and feasible ideas to enhance their participation in health-system decision-making should be prioritized.

scholarly journals Data Quality, Power, And Politics: Analysis Of Strategic Decision Making

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew B. Nyaboga ◽  
Muroki F. Mwaura
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Information Processing ◽  
Data Quality ◽  
Decision Maker ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Strategic Decision ◽  
Strategic Decision Making ◽  
Rational Behavior ◽  
The Way

Most decision makers have biases that are inherent the way they seek information, estimate the outcomes, and attach values to outcomes that produce rational behavior. Many aspects of decision-making may not be accurate because of information processing limitations, power and politics. This paper presents a set of ideas, models, and limitations caused by biases of a decision maker when sorting information.

Web-Based Business Reporting in Virtual Enterprises

2011 ◽  
pp. 1864-1870
Author(s):  
Raif Parlakkaya ◽  
Adem Ögüt ◽  
M. Tahir Demirsel
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
New Products ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Virtual Enterprises ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Business Reporting ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Time Required ◽  
The Way

Knowledge-based companies are transforming everything: the way they are organized and managed, the way they do work and develop new products, the way they manage risks, and their relationships with other organizations in order to survive and compete in the rapidly changing business environment. The accomplished companies in this harsh competition are the ones that focus on the customer, get rid of the nonvalue and low-value activities, decentralize the decision making process, reduce the time required to perform key activities, and form new networks and collaborations with suppliers, customers, and competitors (AICPA, 1994).

scholarly journals ‘He who helps the guilty, shares the crime’? INGOs, moral narcissism and complicity in wrongdoing

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 299-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pete Buth ◽  
Benoit de Gryse ◽  
Sean Healy ◽  
Vincent Hoedt ◽  
Tara Newell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Moral Conflict ◽  
Medecins Sans Frontieres ◽  
Pull Out ◽  
Moral Accountability ◽  
Médecins Sans Frontières ◽  
Moral Complicity ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Way

Humanitarian organisations often work alongside those responsible for serious wrongdoing. In these circumstances, accusations of moral complicity are sometimes levelled at decision makers. These accusations can carry a strong if unfocused moral charge and are frequently the source of significant moral unease. In this paper, we explore the meaning and usefulness of complicity and its relation to moral accountability. We also examine the impact of concerns about complicity on the motivation of humanitarian staff and the risk that complicity may lead to a retreat into moral narcissism. Moral narcissism is the possibility that where humanitarian actors inadvertently become implicated in wrongdoing, they may focus more on their image as self-consciously good actors than on the interests of potential beneficiaries. Moral narcissism can be triggered where accusations of complicity are made and can slew decision making. We look at three interventions by Médecins Sans Frontières that gave rise to questions of complicity. We question its decision-guiding usefulness. Drawing on recent thought, we suggest that complicity can helpfully draw attention to the presence of moral conflict and to the way International Non-Governmental Organisations (INGOs) can be drawn into unintentional wrongdoing. We acknowledge the moral challenge that complicity presents to humanitarian staff but argue that complicity does not help INGOs make tough decisions in morally compromising situations as to whether they should continue with an intervention or pull out.

HEKM: A High-End Equipment Knowledge Management System for Supporting Knowledge-Driven Decision-Making in New Product Development

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Zhang ◽  
Guanghui Zhou ◽  
Quandong Bai ◽  
Qi Lu ◽  
Fengtian Chang
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Product Development ◽  
New Product Development ◽  
Management System ◽  
New Product ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Knowledge Management System ◽  
Personalized Pagerank ◽  
Knowledge Resources

Pre-existing knowledge buried in high-end equipment manufacturing enterprises could be effectively reused to help decision-makers develop good judgements to make decisions about the problems in new product development, which in turn speeds up and improves the quality of product innovation. Nevertheless, a knowledge-based decision support system in high-end equipment domain is still not fully accomplished due to the complication of knowledge content, fragmentation of knowledge theme, heterogeneousness of knowledge format, and decentralization of knowledge storage. To address these issues, this paper develops a high-end equipment knowledge management system (HEKM) for supporting knowledge-driven decision-making in new product development. HEKM provides three steps for knowledge management and reuse. Firstly, knowledge resources are captured and structured through a standard knowledge description template. Then, OWL ontologies are employed to explicitly and unambiguously describe the concepts of the captured knowledge and also the relationships that hold between those concepts. Finally, the Personalized PageRank algorithm together with ontology reasoning approach is used to perform knowledge navigation, where decision-makers could acquire the most relevant knowledge for a given problem through knowledge query or customized active push. The feasibility and effectiveness of HEKM are demonstrated through three industrial application examples.

The Influence of Roles, Advocacy, and Adaptation to the Accounting Decision Environment

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Pinsker ◽  
Robin Pennington ◽  
Jennifer Kahle Schafer
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Cognitive Effort ◽  
Judgment And Decision Making ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Specific Task ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Tax Professionals ◽  
Context Variables ◽  
Decision Environment ◽  
Professional Requirements

ABSTRACT: Decision makers often adapt strategies to specific task and context variables by balancing the need to make good decisions with the need to minimize cognitive effort. However, decision makers must have the requisite knowledge, based on training, to choose the most appropriate strategy. We extend the judgment and decision making literature by experimentally examining how training in specific professional roles (tax and audit) influences advocacy attitudes, and how the elements of the decision environment interact with these attitudes to influence accountants’ judgments. Results indicate that attitudes are moderated by the requirements of the specific decision environment. Specifically, judgments of accounting professionals in a tax decision environment closely mirror their attitudes, whereas in an audit decision environment, this relationship is significantly weaker, indicative of a moderating effect of the decision environment. Supplemental analysis indicates that tax professionals are more likely than auditors to adapt to the professional requirements (advocacy or skepticism) of the task at hand.

The Contribution of Education to the Advancement of the Knowledge Based Economy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aicha Douar
Keyword(s):  
Personal Experience ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Economic Crises ◽  
Capitalist Economy ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Knowledge Based Economy ◽  
Innovation And Technology ◽  
Education Innovation ◽  
The Way ◽  
Alternative Economy

The economic crises which have been witnessed in the capitalist economy have led the decision makers to consider an alternative economy that could enable them to overcome those crises. The knowledge-based economy that invests in human thoughts has become a reliable alternative in its foundational dimensions such as education, innovation and technology. Focusing on education would make us ask: In what ways can a teacher invest in the learner’s thoughts? The objective of this research is to try to answer the raised question. Dealing with the previous studies besides listing the personal experience in teaching, and proposing a model lesson could lead to a result: the students link between their studies and make their innovations concrete and contributive to the economy of their country. Otherwise, this research will pave the way to more diligence.

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