The history of exploration and development of the Liverpool Bay fields and the East Irish Sea Basin

2018 ◽  
Vol 465 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Bunce



2018 ◽  
Vol 465 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Q. Haarhoff ◽  
F. Hughes ◽  
M. Heath-Clarke ◽  
D. Harrison ◽  
C. Taylor ◽  
...  


1968 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 375-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. G. Helm ◽  
B.' Roberts ◽  
A. J. Wadge ◽  
I. C. Burgess ◽  
N. J. Soper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  




Author(s):  
W. A. Herdman

The Liverpool Marine Biology Committee was formed in March, 1885, for the purpose of investigating thoroughly the Fauna and Flora of Liverpool Bay and the neighbouring parts of the Irish Sea. The aim of the Committee is not merely to draw up an accurate list of the species found in this locality, but also to observe and record the relative numbers, the size, the colours, and the condition generally of the specimens, the exact localities in which they are found, the other species of animals and plants associated with them, and their mutual relations as food, enemies, or competitors. In this way it is hoped that a mass of observations will be accumulated which may be of use in determining the geographical distribution of various forms, the nature of the conditions which influence species, and the relations existing between the different plants and animals. It was felt at the outset that this work was exactly that department of biological investigation which could be best carried out by an organised body of workers who would subdivide the area to be investigated, and the groups of animals and plants to be worked up between them, and would carry on systematic observations year after year, sending in periodic reports upon their work. The value, in fact the absolute necessity, of this organisation, division of labour, and systematic arrangement, for the successful accomplishment of the objects in view, has been felt all along by the members of the Committee and those naturalists who have worked with them; and the results attained so far have, I think, fully justified their belief in the benefit to be derived from scientific organisation.



1989 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Nimmo ◽  
C.M.G. van den Berg ◽  
J. Brown


2008 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 19-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Wolf

Abstract. The physical causes of coastal flooding due to marine storms are discussed. We examine the costs and impacts of storm surges and waves with reference to the UK. The mechanisms of interaction between waves and the mean circulation due to tides and wind are reviewed. A case study to illustrate the magnitude of surges, waves and their interactions is presented for Liverpool Bay in the eastern Irish Sea. Applications of surge and wave models to the Mediterranean, especially the Adriatic Sea, are considered.



Ocean Science ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 903-913 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. K. O'Neill ◽  
J. A. Polton ◽  
J. T. Holt ◽  
E. J. O'Dea

Abstract. Three shelf sea models are compared against observed surface temperature and salinity in Liverpool Bay and the Irish Sea: a 7 km NEMO (Nucleus for European Modelling of the Ocean) model, and 12 km and 1.8 km POLCOMS (Proudman Oceanographic Laboratory Coastal Ocean Modelling System) models. Each model is run with two different surface forcing datasets of different resolutions. Comparisons with a variety of observations from the Liverpool Bay Coastal Observatory show that increasing the surface forcing resolution improves the modelled surface temperature in all the models, in particular reducing the summer warm bias and winter cool bias. The response of surface salinity is more varied with improvements in some areas and deterioration in others. The 7 km NEMO model performs as well as the 1.8 km POLCOMS model when measured by overall skill scores, although the sources of error in the models are different. NEMO is too weakly stratified in Liverpool Bay, whereas POLCOMS is too strongly stratified. The horizontal salinity gradient, which is too strong in POLCOMS, is better reproduced by NEMO which uses a more diffusive horizontal advection scheme. This leads to improved semi-diurnal variability in salinity in NEMO at a mooring site located in the Liverpool Bay ROFI (region of freshwater influence) area.



Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document