Volcanism in the Longgang Volcanic Field of Northeast China: Insights from eruption history, volcano types, and geochemical characteristics

AbstractThe Longgang volcanic field (LVF) is a monogenetic volcanic field in China that erupted in the Quaternary, forming more than 100 scoria cones and maars in an area of over 1500 km2. The most recent eruption occurred approximately 1500-1700 years ago. By summarising the results of previous and recent research, this paper reviews the geological background, volcano distribution, eruption history, typical volcanoes, and geochemical characteristics of the LVF. The volcanic activities in the LVF were structurally controlled by near-EW, NW-, and NE-trending faults. An analysis of typical volcanic edifices reveals that at least two eruptive episodes occurred in the Holocene, and most of the maars in the LVF have characteristics of multiple eruptive styles. It is concluded that the eruption types included effusive eruptions, magma explosive eruptions, and phreatomagmatic eruptions. The results of geochemical studies of LVF eruptive products show that most of the rock is trachybasalt and that the magma rarely interacts with crustal rocks. Compared with the previous results for the neighbouring Changbaishan polygenetic volcanic field, the probable origins of their differences in volcanism are discussed.

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Geomorphological, morphometric, and spatial distribution analysis of the scoria cones in the Negros de Aras monogenetic volcanic field, northern Chile

Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research ◽

10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2021.107458 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 107458

Author(s):

Mauricio Aguilera ◽

Gabriel Ureta ◽

Pablo Grosse ◽

Károly Németh ◽

Felipe Aguilera ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Spatial Distribution ◽

Volcanic Field ◽

Distribution Analysis ◽

Northern Chile ◽

Monogenetic Volcanic Field ◽

Scoria Cones

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A unique volcanic field in Tharsis, Mars: Pyroclastic cones as evidence for explosive eruptions

Icarus ◽

10.1016/j.icarus.2011.11.030 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 218 (1) ◽

pp. 88-99 ◽

Cited By ~ 47

Author(s):

P. Brož ◽

E. Hauber

Keyword(s):

Volcanic Field ◽

Explosive Eruptions

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Eruptive frequency of the Bora-Baricha-Tullu Moye (BBTM) volcanic system in the Central Main Ethiopian Rift

10.5194/egusphere-egu21-13966 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Amdemichael Zafu Tadesse ◽

Karen Fontijn ◽

Abate Assen Melaku ◽

Ermias Filfilu Gebru ◽

Victoria Smith ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Late Quaternary ◽

Volcanic Eruptions ◽

Volcanic Field ◽

Tectonic Activity ◽

Explosive Eruptions ◽

Ethiopian Rift ◽

Rift System ◽

Diagnostic Features ◽

Volcanic System ◽

Main Ethiopian Rift

The Main Ethiopian Rift (MER) is the northern portion of the East African Rift System and separates the Eastern and Western plateaus of Ethiopia. The recent volcanic and tectonic activity is largely focused within the rift basin along a 20 km wide zone on the rift floor. Large silicic volcanic complexes are aligned along this central rift axis but their eruptive histories are not well constrained.The Bora-Baricha-Tullu Moye (BBTM) volcanic field is situated in the central Main Ethiopian Rift and has a different appearance than the other MER volcanic systems. The BBTM constitutes several late Quaternary edifices, the major ones are: Tullu Moye, Bora and Baricha. In addition, there are multiple smaller eruptive vents (e.g. Oda and Dima), cones, and domes across the ca. 20 X 20 km wide area. Currently, there is very little information on the frequency and magnitude of past volcanic eruptions. We present a new dataset of field observations, componentry, petrography, geochronology (40Ar/39Ar), and glass major and trace element chemistry. The data are assessed as potential fingerprints to assign diagnostic features and correlate units across the area, and establish a tephrostratigraphic framework for the BBTM volcanic field.Two large-volume and presumably caldera-forming eruptions are identified, the younger of which took place at 100 ka. The volcanic products exposed in the BBTM area show that the volcanic field has undergone at least 20 explosive eruptions since then. The post-caldera eruptions have comenditic (Tullu Moye) and pantelleretic (Bora and Baricha) magma compositions. Other smaller edifices such as Oda and Dima also erupted pantelleritic magmas, and only differ slightly in composition than tephra of Bora and Baricha. Tullu Moye had two distinct explosive eruptions that dispersed tephra up to 14 km away and on to the eastern plateau. Bora and Baricha together had at least 8 explosive eruptions. Their deposits can be distinguished by their light grey color and unique lithic components. Oda had 7 eruptions, the most recent of which generated a pyroclastic density current that travelled up to 10 km away from the vent. Dima experienced at least 3 eruptions, generating tephra with a bluish-grey colour.This mapping and compositional analysis of the deposits from the BBTM in the MER indicates that the region has been more active in the last 100 ka than previously thought, which has implications for hazards assessments for the region.

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The Christiana–Santorini–Kolumbo Volcanic Field

Elements ◽

10.2138/gselements.15.3.171 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 15 (3) ◽

pp. 171-176 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Paraskevi Nomikou ◽

Christian Hübscher ◽

Steven Carey

Keyword(s):

Eastern Mediterranean ◽

Eastern Mediterranean Region ◽

Aegean Sea ◽

Volcanic Eruptions ◽

Volcanic Field ◽

Explosive Eruptions ◽

Human Populations ◽

Mass Wasting ◽

Geological Processes ◽

Research Activities

The Christiana–Santorini–Kolumbo volcanic field in the South Aegean Sea (Greece) is one of the most important in Europe, having produced more than 100 explosive eruptions in the last 400,000 years. Its volcanic centers include the extinct Christiana Volcano and associated seamounts, Santorini caldera with its intracaldera Kameni Volcano, Kolumbo Volcano, and 24 other submarine cones of the Kolumbo chain. Earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, submarine mass wasting, neotectonics and gas releases from these centers pose significant geohazards to human populations and infrastructures of the Eastern Mediterranean region. Defining the geological processes and structures that contribute to these geohazards will provide an important framework to guide future monitoring and research activities aimed at hazard mitigation.

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The control of preexisting faults on the distribution, morphology, and volume of monogenetic volcanism in the Michoacán-Guanajuato Volcanic Field

Geological Society of America Bulletin ◽

10.1130/b35397.1 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 132 (11-12) ◽

pp. 2455-2474 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Martha Gabriela Gómez-Vasconcelos ◽

José Luis Macías ◽

Denis Ramón Avellán ◽

Giovanni Sosa-Ceballos ◽

Víctor Hugo Garduño-Monroy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hanging Wall ◽

Temporal Distribution ◽

Volcanic Field ◽

Fault System ◽

Volcanic Stratigraphy ◽

Listric Fault ◽

Tectonic Processes ◽

State Of Stress ◽

Geological Map ◽

Scoria Cones

Abstract Interactions between volcanic and tectonic processes affect the distribution, morphology, and volume of eruptive products in space and time. The Queréndaro area in the eastern Michoacán-Guanajuato Volcanic Field affords an exceptional opportunity to understand these relationships. Here, a Pleistocene lava plateau and 20 monogenetic volcanoes are vented from an active ENE-striking segment of the Morelia-Acambay fault system. Thirteen scoria cones are aligned along this structure, vented from an extensional gap in between two rotated hanging wall blocks of a listric fault. A new geological map, volcanic stratigraphy, and 40Ar/39Ar dating indicate that this lava plateau and volcanic cluster were emplaced from 0.81 to 0.25 Ma by 11 intermittent eruptive epochs separated by ca. 0.05 Ma, emplacing a total magma volume of 5 km3. Petrography and chemistry of rocks suggest that all volcanic structures were fed by three different magma batches but vented from independent feeder dikes. Our results indicate that preexisting faults exert a strong influence on volcanic spatial and temporal distribution, volcanic morphology, magma volume, and eruptive dynamics in this area. ENE-breached and ENE-elongated scoria cones indicate parallel subsurface fissure and feeder dikes. Additionally, points of maximum fault dilation at depth related to a transtensive state of stress coincide with less fragmented deposits and larger magma volumes. Furthermore, this study raises important questions on the geodynamics of volcano-tectonic interactions possible in similar monogenetic volcanic alignments worldwide.

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