Volcanic Processes and Magmatic Evolution of Tianchi Volcano, Changbaishan

2020 ◽  
pp. SP510-2020-83
Author(s):  
Haiquan Wei ◽  
Bo Zhao ◽  
Zhengquan Chen ◽  
Hongmei Yu
Keyword(s):  
Volcanic Field ◽  
Main Peak ◽  
Eruption Column ◽  
Basaltic Lava ◽  
Shield Volcano ◽  
Magmatic Evolution ◽  
Tianchi Volcano ◽  
Volcanic Processes ◽  
Bulk Volume ◽  
Millennium Eruption

AbstractThe Changbaishan volcanic field located on the Gaima (Gaema, Gaiman) Plateau witnessed plateau-forming eruptions along with the uplift of the Gaima Plateau. The Tianchi basaltic lava shield volcano was formed at the main peak of Changbaishan, with cone construction eruptions that formed a huge and steep trachytic composite cone on the gentle lava shield. At the peak of the Millennium Eruption (ME), height of the eruption column (HB) reached 25 km and the bulk volume of tephra was about 120 km3. The ME eventually formed Tianchi caldera, after which several eruptions occurred, albeit of a much smaller scale.The magmas involved in the shield-forming eruptions are characterized by both alkalic series trachybasalt and basaltic trachyandesite and subalkalic tholeiite and basaltic andesite. In the cone-construction and ignimbrite-forming eruption stages, the magma is completely composed of alkalic series trachyte and comendite. The largest negative Eu anomalies observed in ME magmas indicate that plagioclase was strongly crystallized and differentiated.

Tephrostratigraphical investigation of lake sediments and a peat bog in Northeastern China since 20,000 years

The Holocene ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 765-778
Author(s):  
Hongli Zhao ◽  
Jiaqi Liu ◽  
Valerie A Hall ◽  
Xiaoqiang Li
Keyword(s):  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Volcanic Field ◽  
Northeastern China ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Tianchi Volcano ◽  
Tephra Layers ◽  
Millennium Eruption ◽  
Reference Samples ◽  
Glass Shards

This is a detailed tephrostratigraphical investigation of late Quaternary deposits in the Longgang and Changbaishan Volcanic Fields of northeastern China. A total of 45 reference samples which were collected from either side of the Chinese/Korean border showed very similar geochemical characteristics to the Millennium eruption of Tianchi Volcano. Through comparing the published data of the glass shards detected in Gushantun with these reference samples, further description is that the glass shards in the sediment of Gushantun came from the Tianchi Volcano eruption in AD 1702, 1668, and 1597. A basaltic tephra layer found in the sediment of Hanlongwan associated with an eruption of the Jinlongdingzi Volcano which happened in 1500–2100 cal. yr BP by comparing with the published data from Sihailongwan and Xiaolongwan. Tianchi and Jinlongdingzi Volcano are both active and erupted several times during the historical period. Reference samples and the tephra layers detected in Hanlongwan, Sihailongwan, Gushantun, Erlongwan, and Xiaolongwan can be used as marker horizons beyond the Longgang Volcanic Field and Changbaishan Volcanic Field, including, for example, in Japan, Korea, nearby coastal area of Russia, and marine records.

Évolution morphostructurale du plateau volcano-sédimentaire de Gergovie au Miocène inférieur : implications géodynamiques sur la phase tardi-tectonique du rift de Limagne (Massif central, France)

2008 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 641-650 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Philippe Degeai ◽  
Jean-François Pastre
Keyword(s):  
Lava Flow ◽  
Volcanic Field ◽  
Basaltic Lava ◽  
Massif Central ◽  
Lower Miocene ◽  
The North ◽  
Activity Phase ◽  
Sedimentary System ◽  
Basaltic Lava Flow ◽  
East West

The Gergovie plateau is a Lower Miocene topographically inverted volcano-sedimentary system located in the monogenetic volcanic field of the Limagne rift Tertiary basin. It is composed of three east–west aligned maars partly covered by a basaltic lava flow. The eruption of the central maar (maar 1) occurred at the Oligocene–Miocene transition, during the first volcanic phase. This phreatomagmatic structure was almost totally cut through by the opening of a second maar (maar 2) during the next eruptive phase. The basaltic lava flow at the summit and the eastern maar (maar 3) were placed during a third and last eruptive phase during the Middle or Upper Burdigalian (∼19–16 Ma). Between these periods of volcanism, three fluvial to fluviolacustrine sedimentation episodes, separated by two erosive stages, followed one another. A bedrock thickness of 100–300 m was eroded from maar 2 during the upper Aquitanian and (or) the lower Burdigalian (∼22–19 Ma). This erosion is partly due to a volcano-tectonic uplift in the southern Limagne. The complex morphostructural evolution of the Gergovie plateau demonstrates the north–south geodynamic differentiation of the Limagne rift during the Lower Miocene, since the northern part of the basin corresponded to a relatively calm lacustrine sedimentation area. More generally, the Miocene volcanic field in the South of the Limagne gives an opportunity to study interactions between volcanism, tectonics, and erosion during the late passive rifting activity phase.

Numerical simulation of basaltic lava flows in the Auckland Volcanic Field, New Zealand—implication for volcanic hazard assessment

2014 ◽  
Vol 76 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gábor Kereszturi ◽  
Annalisa Cappello ◽  
Gaetana Ganci ◽  
Jonathan Procter ◽  
Károly Németh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Hazard Assessment ◽  
Volcanic Hazard ◽  
Volcanic Field ◽  
Lava Flows ◽  
Basaltic Lava ◽  
Auckland Volcanic Field
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