scholarly journals Simulation-based Evacuation Planning for Urban Areas

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theodoros Chondrogiannis ◽  
Panagiotis Bouros ◽  
Winfried Emser
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Evacuation Planning ◽  
Simulation Based

scholarly journals CityComfort+: A simulation-based method for predicting mean radiant temperature in dense urban areas

2014 ◽  
Vol 80 ◽  
pp. 84-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianxiang Huang ◽  
Jose Guillermo Cedeño-Laurent ◽  
John D. Spengler
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Mean Radiant Temperature ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
Radiant Temperature

scholarly journals RSW-MCFP: A Resource-Oriented Solid Waste Management System for a Mixed Rural-Urban Area through Monte Carlo Simulation-Based Fuzzy Programming

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Li ◽  
H. J. Wu ◽  
B. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo Simulation ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Management System ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Fuzzy Programming ◽  
Waste Management System ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
Solid Waste Management System

The growth of global population and economy continually increases the waste volumes and consequently creates challenges to handle and dispose solid wastes. It becomes more challenging in mixed rural-urban areas (i.e., areas of mixed land use for rural and urban purposes) where both agricultural waste (e.g., manure) and municipal solid waste are generated. The efficiency and confidence of decisions in current management practices significantly rely on the accurate information and subjective judgments, which are usually compromised by uncertainties. This study proposed a resource-oriented solid waste management system for mixed rural-urban areas. The system is featured by a novel Monte Carlo simulation-based fuzzy programming approach. The developed system was tested by a real-world case with consideration of various resource-oriented treatment technologies and the associated uncertainties. The modeling results indicated that the community-based bio-coal and household-based CH4facilities were necessary and would become predominant in the waste management system. The 95% confidence intervals of waste loadings to the CH4and bio-coal facilities were 387, 450 and 178, 215 tonne/day (mixed flow), respectively. In general, the developed system has high capability in supporting solid waste management for mixed rural-urban areas in a cost-efficient and sustainable manner under uncertainty.

scholarly journals MODELLING AND SIMULATION OF DISPERSIONS OF POWDER EMISSIONS FROM MULTIPLE SOURCES WITH THE MATHEMATICAL MODEL POL 15SM

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-160
Author(s):  
Mihaela Budianu ◽  
Valeriu Nagacevschi ◽  
Matei Macoveanu
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Multiple Point ◽  
Multiple Sources ◽  
Economic Agents ◽  
Sources Of Pollution ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
The Mathematical Model

Over the last decades, air pollution has become one of the greatest challenges negatively affecting human health and the entire environment, including air, water, soil, vegetation, and urban areas. Lately, special attention has been given to mathematical modelling for diffusion of pollutants in the atmosphere as a particularly effective and efficient method that can be used to study, control and reduce air pollution. The diversity of models developed by different research groups imposed a rigorous understanding of model types in order to apply them correctly according to local or regional problems of air pollution phenomenon. Tus the authors have developed and improved two mathematical models for dispersion of air pollutants. Tis paper presents a case study of dispersion of powders in suspension originating from 14 point sources that correspond to 5 economic agents in the agroindustrial area of Vaslui city using a computer simulation based on the mathematical model Pol 15sm, for multiple point sources of pollution, designed by the authors.

scholarly journals SIMULATION-BASED ANALYSIS OF EARTHEN HERITAGE ARCHITECTURE AS RESPONSIVE REFUGEE SHELTERS (CASE STUDY: DOMES OF NORTHERN SYRIA)

2020 ◽  
Vol XLIV-M-1-2020 ◽  
pp. 365-372
Author(s):  
S. Ibrahim ◽  
M. Ali ◽  
B. Baranyai ◽  
I. Kistelegdi
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Internally Displaced ◽  
Disastrous Consequence ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
Arid Steppe ◽  
Earthen Architecture ◽  
Historical Sites ◽  
Thermal Simulations ◽  
Indoor Comfort

Abstract. Syria has been struggling through a continuous conflict for more than nine years so far. This conflict has had a disastrous consequence, for not only Syria urban areas but also its world heritage and historical sites. Moreover, the ongoing conflict resulted in the displacement of over 13 million people that is more than half the population; including more than 6.1 million internally displaced. This long-term encampment is a growing aspect of a growing refugee crisis. The Syrian refugees have to face another crisis in the camps due to a significant shortage of resources and support. One solution was using earthen buildings that have been a traditional architectural style in Syria for 11 thousand years. As a part of the cultural heritage, it depends on community participation and achieves environmental and economic efficiency in addition to preserving memory and identity of the place. This paper discusses the creation of sustainable shelters through the revival of heritage vernacular earthen architecture in northern Syria. A comparative analysis was conducted between the humanitarian agencies shelters (HAS) and different historical vernacular dwellings (HDS) from the same region with an arid steppe climate (hot summer and a short cold winter); they were modelled in numerical thermal simulations framework as a means to assess the shelters’ building energy demand and indoor comfort quality. The comparison resulted in the superiority of the heritage dwelling. The paper is concluded with passive approach optimization to the different historical earthen domes with consideration of the historical characteristics and background.

Pattern-based evacuation planning for urban areas

2012 ◽  
Vol 216 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Bretschneider ◽  
A. Kimms
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Evacuation Planning

scholarly journals Empirical Study of the Impacts of Bicycles on Passenger Car Speeds on Urban Roads without Bicycle Lanes

2021 ◽  
pp. 036119812110041
Author(s):  
Jaclyn S. Schaefer ◽  
Miguel A. Figliozzi ◽  
Avinash Unnikrishnan
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Time Delays ◽  
Passenger Car ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
Gap Times ◽  
Mode Share ◽  
The Mean

Higher bicycle mode share has been suggested as part of a solution to reduce the burden of congestion in urban areas. As strategies to promote cycling are implemented, concerns have been raised by some road users and stakeholders citing simulation-based traffic studies that indicate that an increase in the bicycle mode share generates major travel time delays via reduced vehicle speeds unless bicycle lanes are provided. The current research investigates the effects bicycles may have on motorized vehicle speeds on a variety of lower speed and volume urban roads without bicycle lanes. A detailed comparative analysis of passenger car speeds was performed using two vehicle scenarios: (i) a passenger car that was preceded by a bicycle; and (ii) a passenger car that was preceded by another passenger car. The mean and 85th percentile speeds of scenarios (i) and (ii) were analyzed using t-tests. Relationships between speed and gap times with oncoming (opposite direction) traffic were also investigated. The results indicate that, at most sites (92%), bicycles do not reduce passenger car mean speeds by more than 1 mph. Speed reductions are not generally observed in local streets or facilities with adequate gaps in oncoming traffic for overtaking.

scholarly journals Spatial Analysis of Existing Public Open Space for Evacuation Area During Secondary Earthquake; A Case Study: Sukahaji Village, Bandung

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 119
Author(s):  
Saut Sagala ◽  
Sari Saraswati
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Earthquake Risk ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
Public Open Space ◽  
Simple Simulation ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
Building Footprint ◽  
Image Building

Population living in highly densed settlements in urban area is considered vulnerable to earthquake risk due to limited space exists in the area. To reduce population risks to aftershock earthquake in highly dense settlements, this paper applied simple simulation based on supply-demand concepts in order to understand carrying capacity of current open space for people to evacuate. The case study takes place in one of the most densed populated areas in Bandung City under aftershock earthquake.. The research integrates multi-sources of data: sattelite image, building footprint and GPS field survey to produce detailed landuse. The results show that open spaces that exist in the study area is not able to contain all residents when an aftershock occurs. Finally, this paper recommends some strategies that are necessary to reduce the risks in highly densed urban areas.

scholarly journals Simulation in Architecture: Scope of Urban Developments

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Fauzia Rahman Mouri ◽  
M.Tawfique Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Infrastructure ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Main Concern ◽  
Urban Condition ◽  
Simulation Based

Simulation based architecture is the new way of understanding post design phenomena. Mostly in the urban areas, how changes take place is a matter of pondering, where simulation may come to aid. Through simulation we can predict a possible outcome of a certain solution through testing it in computer generated scenarios. The main concern of this paper is to find out through intervention of infrastructure how an urban condition may occur. In this paper a particular existing urban infrastructure has been selected to make specific changes and then setting with parameters the case has been put in to the algorithm to test the results. The results came as different scenarios with the change of inputs. For the study, the river Buriganga, beside the capital city of Bangladesh, Dhaka has been chosen and in different scenarios the outcome of a mega city has been mapped showing what a change in an existing infrastructure may bring.

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