Insulin fails to alter plasma LCFA metabolism in muscle perfused at similar glucose uptake

Insulin has been shown to alter long-chain fatty acid (LCFA) metabolism and malonyl-CoA production in muscle. However, these alterations may have been induced, in part, by the accompanying insulin-induced changes in glucose uptake. Thus, to determine the effects of insulin on LCFA metabolism independently of changes in glucose uptake, rat hindquarters were perfused with 600 μM palmitate and [1-14C]palmitate and with either 20 mM glucose and no insulin (G) or 6 mM glucose and 250 μU/ml of insulin (I). As dictated by our protocol, glucose uptake was not significantly different between the G and I groups (10.3 ± 0.6 vs. 11.0 ± 0.5 μmol · g−1 · h−1; P > 0.05). Total palmitate uptake and oxidation were not significantly different ( P > 0.05) between the G (10.1 ± 1.0 and 0.8 ± 0.1 nmol · min−1 · g−1) and I (10.2 ± 0.6 and 1.1 ± 0.2 nmol · min−1 · g−1) groups. Preperfusion muscle triglyceride and malonyl-CoA levels were not significantly different between the G and I groups and did not change significantly during the perfusion ( P > 0.05). Similarly, muscle triglyceride synthesis was not significantly different between groups ( P > 0.05). These results demonstrate that the presence of insulin under conditions of similar glucose uptake does not alter LCFA metabolism and suggest that cellular mechanisms induced by carbohydrate availability, but independent of insulin, may be important in the regulation of muscle LCFA metabolism.