Carbonic anhydrase 8 (Car8) negatively regulates GLP-1 secretion from enteroendocrine cells in response to long-chain fatty acids
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is an incretin secreted from enteroendocrine preproglucagon-expressing (PPG)-cells (traditionally known as L-cells) in response to luminal nutrients that potentiates insulin secretion. Augmentation of endogenous GLP-1 secretion might well represent a novel therapeutic target for diabetes treatment in addition to the incretin-associated drugs currently in use. In this study, we found that PPG-cells substantially express carbonic anhydrase 8 (Car8), which has been reported to inhibit inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) binding to the IP3 receptor and subsequent Ca2+ efflux from the endoplasmic reticulum in neuronal cells. In vitro experiments using STC-1 cells demonstrated that Car8 knockdown increases long-chain fatty acid (LCFA)-stimulated GLP-1 secretion. This effect was reduced in the presence of phospholipase C (PLC) inhibitor; in addition, Car8 knockdown increased the intracellular Ca2+ elevation caused byα-linolenic acid, indicating that Car8 exerts its effect on GLP-1 secretion via the PLC/IP3/Ca2+ pathway. Car8wdl null mutant mice showed significant increase in GLP-1 response to oral corn oil administration compared to that in wild-type littermates, with no significant change in intestinal GLP-1 content. These results demonstrate that Car8 negatively regulates GLP-1 secretion from PPG-cells in response to LCFAs, suggesting the possibility of augmentation of postprandial GLP-1 secretion by Car8 inhibition.