Strain and strain rate by speckle-tracking echocardiography correlate with pressure-volume loop-derived contractility indices in a rat model of athlete's heart

2015 ◽  
Vol 308 (7) ◽  
pp. H743-H748 ◽  
Author(s):  
Attila Kovács ◽  
Attila Oláh ◽  
Árpád Lux ◽  
Csaba Mátyás ◽  
Balázs Tamás Németh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Strain Rate ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Speckle Tracking ◽  
Speckle Tracking Echocardiography ◽  
Contractile Function ◽  
Animal Experiments ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Stroke Work ◽  
Strain And Strain Rate ◽  
Contractility Indices

Contractile function is considered to be precisely measurable only by invasive hemodynamics. We aimed to correlate strain values measured by speckle-tracking echocardiography (STE) with sensitive contractility parameters of pressure-volume (P-V) analysis in a rat model of exercise-induced left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy. LV hypertrophy was induced in rats by swim training and was compared with untrained controls. Echocardiography was performed using a 13-MHz linear transducer to obtain LV long- and short-axis recordings for STE analysis (GE EchoPAC). Global longitudinal (GLS) and circumferential strain (GCS) and longitudinal (LSr) and circumferential systolic strain rate (CSr) were measured. LV P-V analysis was performed using a pressure-conductance microcatheter, and load-independent contractility indices [slope of the end-systolic P-V relationship (ESPVR), preload recruitable stroke work (PRSW), and maximal dP/d t-end-diastolic volume relationship (dP/d tmax-EDV)] were calculated. Trained rats had increased LV mass index (trained vs. control; 2.76 ± 0.07 vs. 2.14 ± 0.05 g/kg, P < 0.001). P-V loop-derived contractility parameters were significantly improved in the trained group (ESPVR: 3.58 ± 0.22 vs. 2.51 ± 0.11 mmHg/μl; PRSW: 131 ± 4 vs. 104 ± 2 mmHg, P < 0.01). Strain and strain rate parameters were also supernormal in trained rats (GLS: −18.8 ± 0.3 vs. −15.8 ± 0.4%; LSr: −5.0 ± 0.2 vs. −4.1 ± 0.1 Hz; GCS: −18.9 ± 0.8 vs. −14.9 ± 0.6%; CSr: −4.9 ± 0.2 vs. −3.8 ± 0.2 Hz, P < 0.01). ESPVR correlated with GLS ( r = −0.71) and LSr ( r = −0.53) and robustly with GCS ( r = −0.83) and CSr ( r = −0.75, all P < 0.05). PRSW was strongly related to GLS ( r = −0.64) and LSr ( r = −0.71, both P < 0.01). STE can be a feasible and useful method for animal experiments. In our rat model, strain and strain rate parameters closely reflected the improvement in intrinsic contractile function induced by exercise training.

scholarly journals High-frequency speckle tracking echocardiography in the assessment of left ventricular function and remodeling after murine myocardial infarction

2014 ◽  
Vol 306 (9) ◽  
pp. H1371-H1383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amit Bhan ◽  
Alexander Sirker ◽  
Juqian Zhang ◽  
Andrea Protti ◽  
Norman Catibog ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Infarct Size ◽  
Strain Rate ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Speckle Tracking ◽  
Speckle Tracking Echocardiography ◽  
Radial Strain ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Intraobserver Variability ◽  
Strain And Strain Rate

The objectives of this study were to assess the feasibility and accuracy of high-frequency speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) in a murine model of myocardial infarction (MI). STE is used clinically to quantify global and regional cardiac function, but its application in mice is challenging because of the small cardiac size and rapid heart rates. A high-frequency microultrasound system with STE (Visualsonics Vevo 2100) was compared against magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for the assessment of global left ventricular (LV) size and function after murine MI. Animals subjected to coronary ligation ( n = 46) or sham ligation ( n = 27) were studied 4 wk postoperatively. Regional and global deformation were also assessed. STE-derived LV ejection fraction (EF) and mass correlated well with MRI indexes ( r = 0.93, 0.77, respectively; P < 0.001), as did STE-derived mass with postmortem values ( r = 0.80, P < 0.001). Higher STE-derived volumes correlated positively with MRI-derived infarct size ( P < 0.01). Global strain parameters were significantly reduced after MI (all P < 0.001) and strongly correlated with LV mass and MRI-derived infarct size as promising surrogates for the extent of remodeling and infarction, respectively (both P < 0.05). Regional strain analyses showed that radial strain and strain rate were relatively preserved in anterior basal segments after MI compared with more apical segments ( P < 0.001); however, longitudinal strain and strain rate were significantly impaired both basally and distally ( P < 0.001). Strain-derived parameters of dyssynchrony were significantly increased in the MI group ( P < 0.01). Analysis time for STE was 210 ± 45 s with acceptable inter- and intraobserver variability. In conclusion, high-frequency STE enables quantitative assessment of regional and global function in the remodeling murine LV after MI.

scholarly journals The influence of acute unloading on left ventricular strain and strain rate by speckle tracking echocardiography in a porcine model

2016 ◽  
Vol 310 (10) ◽  
pp. H1330-H1339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geir Olav Dahle ◽  
Lodve Stangeland ◽  
Christian Arvei Moen ◽  
Pirjo-Riitta Salminen ◽  
Rune Haaverstad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Strain Rate ◽  
Speckle Tracking ◽  
Circumferential Strain ◽  
Speckle Tracking Echocardiography ◽  
Radial Strain ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Conductance Catheter ◽  
Left Ventricular Strain ◽  
End Diastolic Volume ◽  
Strain And Strain Rate

Noninvasive measurements of myocardial strain and strain rate by speckle tracking echocardiography correlate to cardiac contractile state but also to load, which may weaken their value as indices of inotropy. In a porcine model, we investigated the influence of acute dynamic preload reductions on left ventricular strain and strain rate and their relation to the pressure-conductance catheter-derived preload recruitable stroke work (PRSW) and peak positive first derivative of left ventricular pressure (LV-dP/d tmax). Speckle tracking strain and strain rate in the longitudinal, circumferential, and radial directions were measured during acute dynamic reductions of end-diastolic volume during three different myocardial inotropic states. Both strain and strain rate were sensitive to unloading of the left ventricle ( P < 0.001), but the load dependency for strain rate was modest compared with strain. Changes in longitudinal and circumferential strain correlated more strongly to changes in end-diastolic volume ( r = −0.86 and r = −0.72) than did radial strain ( r = 0.35). Longitudinal, circumferential, and radial strain significantly correlated with LV-dP/d tmax ( r = −0.53, r = −0.46, and r = 0.86), whereas only radial strain correlated with PRSW ( r = 0.55). Strain rate in the longitudinal, circumferential and radial direction significantly correlated with both PRSW ( r = −0.64, r = −0.58, and r = 0.74) and LV-dP/d tmax ( r = −0.95, r = −0.70, and r = 0.85). In conclusion, the speckle tracking echocardiography-derived strain rate is more robust to dynamic ventricular unloading than strain. Longitudinal and circumferential strain could not predict load-independent contractility. Strain rates, and especially in the radial direction, are good predictors of preload-independent inotropic markers derived from conductance catheter.

scholarly journals Assessment of Function of the Left Heart Myocardium by Tissue Doppler Imaging and Speckle Tracking Echocardiography in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure with Preserved Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction

Kardiologiia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. V. Vdovenko ◽  
I. A. Libov ◽  
R. A. Libis
Keyword(s):  
Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction ◽  
Ejection Fraction ◽  
Strain Rate ◽  
Speckle Tracking ◽  
Speckle Tracking Echocardiography ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Ventricular Ejection ◽  
Left Ventricular Ejection ◽  
Ventricular Ejection Fraction ◽  
Strain And Strain Rate

Aim:to study myocardial function in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (PEF) by speckle tracking echocardiography and tissue doppler imaging.Materials and methods.We examined 80 patients aged 50–70 years with verified NYHA class I–IIa CHF and PEF due to arterial hypertension and ischemic heart disease, and 35 healthy persons. Examination included echocardiography, and speckle-tracking echocardiography.Results.According to 6-min walk test 26.9 % of patients had functional class (FC) I CHF, 48.3 % – FC II CHF, and 24.8 – FC III CHF. The mean left ventricular ejection fraction (Simpson’s method) was 62.3±5.35 %, mean end systolic left atrial volume index – 45±8.1 ml / m2. All patients had left ventricular diastolic dysfunction: 60 patients – abnormal relaxation pattern, 20 patients – pseudonormal pattern. Other findings were reduced global longitudinal strain (GLS, –16.56±2.61 %) and GLS rate (GLSR, –0.75±0.11 s–1) of the left ventricle and reduced segmental strain and strain rate in basal anteroseptal (–13.62±3.44 % and –0.77±0.04 s–1, respectively) and basal anterolateral (–14.17±3.31 % and –0.81±0.11 s–1, respectively) segments. Lowering of global circular left ventricular strain and strain rate (–15.63±4.8% and –1.4±0.23 s–1, respectively) was found to be smaller than that of GLS (p<0.05). There was positive correlation between left ventricular systolic GLS and left atrial volume (r=0.601, р<0.01).Conclusions.In patients with CHF and PEF we revealed alterations of diastolic function (abnormal relaxation and pseudonormal patterns), reductions of global and segmental strain and strain rate of the left ventricle. More pronounced lowering of segmental strain and strain rate was registered in left ventricular basal anteroseptal and basal anterolateral segments. Circular strain was found to be slightly reduced, while radial strain was unchanged.

scholarly journals Evaluation of ATP-PostC protective effect on myocardial function: A speckle tracking echocardiography study in ischemia-reperfusion injury

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Ren ◽  
Keting Li ◽  
Xuemei Liu ◽  
Hongyu Yang ◽  
Zhonghui Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Strain Rate ◽  
Speckle Tracking ◽  
Myocardial Function ◽  
Speckle Tracking Echocardiography ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Peak Strain ◽  
Strain And Strain Rate

Abstract Background: Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) seriously affects the prognosis of patients. We sought to use speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) to accurately evaluate the effect of drugs. Methods: In this study, STE was used to quantitatively evaluate the changes of myocardial function before and after reperfusion in myocardial ischemia rabbits with ischemia postconditioning (I-PostC) or ATP postconditioning. The variations of the left ventricular (LV) longitudinal, circumferential and radial myocardium were detected by STE technique. Meanwhile, a series of biochemical experiments were performed including myocardial enzymes assay, myocardial infarction size assay and TUNEL assay. Results: After ligation of coronary artery for 45 min, the strain and strain rate curves of left ventricular myocardium was disordered. The most STE parameters were significantly diminished and the time of reaching peak was delayed. After reperfusion for 120 min, the parameters (longitudinal, circumferential, radial strain and strain rate, as well as ventricular torsion function) were obvious recovery in I-PostC and ATP postconditioning groups. The sensitivity and specificity of global circumferential peak strain (GCSp), global longitudinal peak strain (GLSp), peak twist (Ptw) and peak twisting velocity (PTV) to diagnose myocardial infarction rabbits were 86.1% and 75%, 79.2% and 72.5%, 79.2% and 75%, 66.7% and 70.8%, respectively. The levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and creatine phosphokinase isozyme (CKMB) were up-regulated in I/R group. AST and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) values significantly reduced in the other three groups. The Bax expression was decreased, simultaneously, the Bcl-2 expression was increased after I-PostC and ATP postconditioning treatment. Conclusions: The application of STE in the assessment of IRI has high accuracy and reproducibility. Therefore, ATP has an important clinical value as a pharmacologic postconditioning drug.

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