Hypertonic and hypovolemic stimulation of thirst in pigs

1990 ◽  
Vol 258 (1) ◽  
pp. R149-R154 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. R. Anderson ◽  
T. R. Houpt
Keyword(s):  
Blood Volume ◽  
Packed Cell Volume ◽  
Plasma Osmolality ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Volume Control ◽  
Volume Data ◽  
Volume Changes ◽  
Behavioral Threshold ◽  
Blood Volume Control ◽  
Stimulation Of

Young female pigs weighing from 15 to 45 kg were used. Plasma osmolality was slowly raised by an intravenous infusion of 15% NaCl. The behavioral threshold was when the pigs began to drink water, and the rise of osmolality was the stimulus. In 23 measurements on 8 pigs the rise of osmolality to initiate drinking was 10.4 +/- 1.4 mosmol/kg (mean +/- SE). There was also an estimated 3.8 +/- 1.4% rise of blood volume. Control infusions of 0.9% NaCl for 1 h usually resulted in no drinking, and plasma osmolality fell by 6.7 +/- 2.1 mosmol/kg, while blood volume did not change. Hypovolemia was effected using furosemide (1 mg/kg body wt) to cause excretion of nearly isotonic urine. Blood volume changes were estimated from plasma protein and packed cell volume data. In 28 measurements on 6 pigs, drinking occurred when blood volume had decreased by 6.7 +/- 1.8%. During 2-h control periods, blood volume did not change appreciably. Plasma osmolality decreased during both the furosemide treatment (by 3.5 +/- 0.7 mosmol/kg) and the controls (by 4.1 +/- 0.8 mosmol/kg).

Serial Blood Water Estimations and in-Line Blood Viscometry: The Continuous Measurement of Blood Volume during Dialysis Procedures

1984 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 575-583 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. N. Greenwood ◽  
C. Aldridge ◽  
W. R. Cattell
Keyword(s):  
Blood Volume ◽  
Blood Viscosity ◽  
Packed Cell Volume ◽  
Continuous Measurement ◽  
Quantitative Measure ◽  
Capillary Viscometer ◽  
Extracorporeal Circuit ◽  
Volume Changes ◽  
Serial Measurements

1. It has been shown in vitro that serial measurements of blood water during ultrafiltration accurately reflect changing blood volume. 2. It has been shown that minute changes in blood hydration produce detectable changes in blood viscosity. 3. An ‘in-line’ capillary viscometer has been constructed which can be placed in parallel with an extracorporeal circuit to give a continuous semi-quantitative measure of blood viscosity during ultrafiltration or haemodialysis. By making serial measurements of blood water each ‘viscometer curve’ can be corrected to permit calculation of blood volume provided that the starting blood volume is known. 4. Blood volume changes of less than 1% can be detected in vitro and provided that blood volume changes solely as a result of the removal or influx of water it can be measured continuously to within an accuracy of 4% for volume changes up to 30% irrespective of starting packed cell volume or blood water.

Short Time Dialysis with Continuous Blood Volume Control

1990 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Stiller ◽  
U. Schallenberg ◽  
U. Gladziwa ◽  
E. Ernst ◽  
H. Mann
Keyword(s):  
Blood Volume ◽  
Volume Control ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Blood Volume Control

Blood Volume Control by Biofeedback and Dialysis-Induced Symptomatology

Nephron ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 605-609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chantalle Wolkotte ◽  
Daxenos R. Hassell ◽  
Karin Moret ◽  
Paul G. Gerlag ◽  
A. Warmold van den Wall Bake ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Volume ◽  
Volume Control ◽  
Blood Volume Control

Influence of volume changes on osmolality-vasopressin relationships in conscious dogs

1983 ◽  
Vol 244 (1) ◽  
pp. H73-H79 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. W. Quillen ◽  
A. W. Cowley
Keyword(s):  
Blood Volume ◽  
Left Atrial ◽  
Continuous Measurement ◽  
Plasma Osmolality ◽  
Conscious Dogs ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Volume Changes ◽  
Short Term ◽  
New Techniques ◽  
Plasma Vasopressin

The relative importance of plasma osmolality (Posm) and left atrial pressure (LAP) as controllers of plasma vasopressin concentration (PAVP) was investigated in conscious dogs (n = 8). New techniques for the continuous measurement of LAP and computerized data collection permitted monitoring of LAP and mean arterial pressure (MAP) while Posm was suppressed with intravenous distilled water and then elevated with hypertonic NaCl. PAVP was determined by radioimmunoassay. This relationship between Posm and PAVP was determined at low, normal, and high (-0.9 +/- 0.8, 1.8 +/- 0.8, and 7.7 +/- 1.1 cmH2O, respectively) levels of LAP produced by either hemorrhage or autotransfusion of whole blood. MAP was not altered by these maneuvers. The results of these short-term studies have demonstrated a significant modulation of the osmoregulation of PAVP by changes in blood volume as indexed by LAP. Because of this modulation, PAVP is regulated so that contraction or expansion of the blood volume is more expeditiously corrected than would occur if osmoreceptors alone regulated plasma vasopressin.

Simultaneous Blood Temperature Control and Blood Volume Control Reduces Intradialytic Symptoms

2011 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 357-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ljubiša Veljančicć ◽  
Jovan Popović ◽  
Milan Radović ◽  
Peter Ahrenholz ◽  
Wolfgang Ries ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Volume ◽  
Temperature Control ◽  
Volume Control ◽  
Blood Temperature ◽  
Blood Volume Control ◽  
Intradialytic Symptoms

SuO015REDUCING INTRADIALYTIC COMPLICATIONS WITH AUTOMATED TARGET BLOOD VOLUME CONTROL

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanne Kron ◽  
Daniel Schneditz ◽  
Til Leimbach ◽  
Joachim Kron
Keyword(s):  
Blood Volume ◽  
Volume Control ◽  
Blood Volume Control

Impaired Autonomic Blood Pressure and Blood Volume Control in Chronic Renal Failure

2010 ◽  
pp. 291-297
Author(s):  
Guido Grassi ◽  
Raffaella Dell’Oro ◽  
Fosca Quarti-Trevano ◽  
Giuseppe Mancia
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Blood Volume ◽  
Volume Control ◽  
Blood Volume Control

Spontaneous drinking: is it stimulated by hypertonicity or hypovolemia?

1990 ◽  
Vol 258 (1) ◽  
pp. R143-R148
Author(s):  
T. R. Houpt ◽  
C. R. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Cell Volume ◽  
Blood Volume ◽  
Plasma Protein ◽  
Packed Cell Volume ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Protein G ◽  
Base Line ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Spontaneous Drinking

Ten young female pigs were allowed to eat and drink whenever they wanted, and blood samples were taken without disturbance to the pig. Samples were divided into four categories: 1) base line, i.e., taken when not drinking and not eating; 2) preprandial, i.e., taken when starting to drink just before eating; 3) postcibal, i.e., taken when starting to drink after any eating; and 4) nonprandial, i.e., taken when starting to drink but not in association with eating. Osmolality (mosmol/kgH2O), plasma protein (g/dl), and packed cell volume (%) were, respectively, as follows (mean +/- SE): base line 294.9 +/- 1.8, 6.2 +/- 0.1, and 30.0 +/- 1.2; preprandial 295.1 +/- 1.7, 6.1 +/- 0.2, and 29.7 +/- 1.4; postcibal 295.0 +/- 3.3, 6.5 +/- 0.2, and 31.7 +/- 1.3; and nonprandial 295.2 +/- 1.4, 6.3 +/- 0.1, and 30.0 +/- 1.3. None of the parameters associated with drinking were significantly different from base-line parameters, except for the postcibal rise of packed cell volume. Calculated blood volume differences from base line were as follows: preprandial 0.7 +/- 1.2% fall; postcibal 0.2 +/- 1.7% increase; and nonprandial 0.8 +/- 0.9% fall. It is unlikely that either plasma hypertonicity or hypovolemia stimulates drinking under spontaneous conditions.

Hematocrit and Blood Volume Control during Cardiopulmonary Bypass with the Use of Hemofiltration

1984 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
pp. 478-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter L. Klineberg ◽  
Chin A. Kam ◽  
David C. Johnson ◽  
Timothy B. Cartmill ◽  
John H. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Cardiopulmonary Bypass ◽  
Blood Volume ◽  
Volume Control ◽  
Blood Volume Control
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