scholarly journals Calf muscle cross-sectional area and peak oxygen uptake and work rate in children and adults

1994 ◽  
Vol 267 (3) ◽  
pp. R720-R725 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Zanconato ◽  
G. Riedy ◽  
D. M. Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Peak Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Work Rate ◽  
Scaling Factor ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Calf Muscle ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Metabolic Capacity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Muscle Cross Sectional Area

It is often assumed that the inherent peak muscle metabolic capacity scales in direct proportion to muscle cross-sectional area and is the same in small and large animals (A. V. Hill. Sci. Prog. 38: 208-230, 1950). We wondered whether this relationship between size and function was true during the period of growth and development in humans. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to determine calf muscle cross-sectional area (CSA) in 20 children (6-11 yr old, 11 boys) and in 18 adults (23-42 yr old, 10 men). Progressive cycle ergometer exercise was performed to determine peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) and work rate (WRpeak). The scaling factor (determined by allometric analysis) relating maximal O2 uptake (VO2max) to muscle CSA for the whole sample population was 1.04 +/- 0.12 (SE), but the scaling factor relating WRpeak to muscle CSA was significantly greater (1.37 +/- 0.12). Consistent with this, VO2max/CSA was not affected by body weight, but the WRpeak/CSA increased as a function of weight both in males (P < 0.005) and females (P < 0.05). No differences in VO2max/CSA were found between children and adults. WRpeak/CSA was significantly higher in adults compared with children (P < 0.05). It appears that the inherent peak muscle metabolic capacity is smaller in children than in adults. Moreover, the coupling of muscle capacity with whole body metabolic rate changes during growth in humans.

scholarly journals Genetic and environmental influences on skeletal muscle phenotypes as a function of age and sex in large, multigenerational families of African heritage

2007 ◽  
Vol 103 (4) ◽  
pp. 1121-1127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven J. Prior ◽  
Stephen M. Roth ◽  
Xiaojing Wang ◽  
Candace Kammerer ◽  
Iva Miljkovic-Gacic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Calf Muscle ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
African Heritage ◽  
Genetic Components ◽  
Muscle Cross Sectional Area

The aim of this study was to estimate the heritability of and environmental contributions to skeletal muscle phenotypes (appendicular lean mass and calf muscle cross-sectional area) in subjects of African descent and to determine whether heritability estimates are impacted by sex or age. Body composition was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and computed tomography in 444 men and women aged 18 yr and older (mean: 43 yr) from eight large, multigenerational Afro-Caribbean families (family size range: 21–112). Using quantitative genetic methods, we estimated heritability and the association of anthropometric, lifestyle, and medical variables with skeletal muscle phenotypes. In the overall group, we estimated the heritability of lean mass and calf muscle cross-sectional area (h2 = 0.18–0.23, P < 0.01) and contribution of environmental factors to these phenotypes ( r2 = 0.27–0.55, P < 0.05). In our age-specific analysis, the heritability of leg lean mass was lower in older vs. younger individuals (h2 = 0.05 vs. 0.23, respectively, P = 0.1). Sex was a significant covariate in our models ( P < 0.001), although sex-specific differences in heritability varied depending on the lean mass phenotype analyzed. High genetic correlations (ρG = 0.69–0.81; P < 0.01) between different lean mass measures suggest these traits share a large proportion of genetic components. Our results demonstrate the heritability of skeletal muscle traits in individuals of African heritage and that heritability may differ as a function of sex and age. As the loss of skeletal muscle mass is related to metabolic abnormalities, disability, and mortality in older individuals, further research is warranted to identify specific genetic loci that contribute to these traits in general and in a sex- and age-specific manner.

Relationship Between Calf Muscle Size and Strength after Achilles Rupture Repair

2000 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 330-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Leppilahti ◽  
S. Lähde ◽  
K. Forsman ◽  
J. Kangas ◽  
K. Kauranen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plantar Flexion ◽  
Achilles Tendon Rupture ◽  
Peak Torque ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Calf Muscle ◽  
Muscle Size ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Unaffected Side ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Muscle Cross Sectional Area

The object was to study the relationships between calf muscle size and strength in 85 patients an average of 3.1 years after repair of achilles tendon rupture. The isokinetic calf muscle strength results were excellent or good for 73 % of the patients, whereas calf muscle size was normal in only 30 %. The average plantar flexion peak torque per unit muscle cross-sectional area was higher on the injured side than on the uninjured side. The average calf muscle cross-sectional area deficit was 15±9% (p<0.001) of that on the unaffected side, while the average plantar flexion peak torque deficit was speed-dependent, being 9±18%, 10±18 and 2±13% of that on the unaffected side at 30, 90, and 2407sec (p<0.001). The correlation between cross-sectional area and peak torque varied in the range 0.52–0.61 at 30, 90 and 2407sec (p<0.001).

Relationship between calf muscle cross-sectional area and ankle fracture

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji Young Jeon ◽  
Ho Won Kang ◽  
Dae Yoo Kim ◽  
Yun Tae Kim ◽  
Dong Yeon Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ankle Fracture ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Calf Muscle ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Muscle Cross Sectional Area

scholarly journals Is there a correlation between upper lumbar disc herniation and multifidus muscle degeneration? A retrospective study of MRI morphology

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chong Liu ◽  
Jiang Xue ◽  
Jingjing Liu ◽  
Gang Ma ◽  
Abu Moro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lumbar Disc Herniation ◽  
Lumbar Disc ◽  
Fatty Infiltration ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Muscle Degeneration ◽  
Multifidus Muscle ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Upper Lumbar Disc Herniation ◽  
Muscle Cross Sectional Area

Abstract Background The purpose of the study is to investigate the correlation between upper lumbar disc herniation (ULDH) and multifidus muscle degeneration via the comparison of width, the cross-sectional area and degree of fatty infiltration of the lumbar multifidus muscle. Methods Using the axial T2-weighted images of magnetic resonance imaging as an assessment tool, we retrospectively investigated 132 patients with ULDH and 132 healthy individuals. The total muscle cross-sectional area (TMCSA) and the pure muscle cross-sectional area (PMCSA) of the multifidus muscle at the L1/2, L2/3, and L3/4 intervertebral disc levels were measured respectively, and in the meantime, the average multifidus muscle width (AMMW) and degree of fatty infiltration of bilateral multifidus muscle were evaluated. The resulting data were analyzed to determine the presence/absence of statistical significance between the study and control groups. Multivariate logistical regression analyses were used to evaluate the correlation between ULDH and multifidus degeneration. Results The results of the analysis of the two groups showed that there were statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) between TMCSA, PMCSA, AMMW and degree of fatty infiltration. The multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that the TMCSA, PMCSA, AMMW and the degree of fatty infiltration of multifidus muscle were correlated with ULDH, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusions A correlation could exist between multifidus muscles degeneration and ULDH, that may be a process of mutual influence and interaction. Lumbar muscle strengthening training could prevent and improve muscle atrophy and degeneration.

scholarly journals Muscle thickness correlates to muscle cross-sectional area in the assessment of strength training-induced hypertrophy

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 846-853 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. V. Franchi ◽  
S. Longo ◽  
J. Mallinson ◽  
J. I. Quinlan ◽  
T. Taylor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Strength Training ◽  
Muscle Thickness ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Muscle Cross Sectional Area

Early resistance training-induced increases in muscle cross-sectional area are concomitant with edema-induced muscle swelling

2015 ◽  
Vol 116 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felipe Damas ◽  
Stuart M. Phillips ◽  
Manoel E. Lixandrão ◽  
Felipe C. Vechin ◽  
Cleiton A. Libardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Muscle Cross Sectional Area
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