scholarly journals Relationships between running performance and the cross–sectional area of the psoas major, and peak oxygen uptake in elite junior long–distance runners

2016 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 307-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryo Yamanaka ◽  
Takeo Matsubayashi ◽  
Tetsurou Saeki ◽  
Yasushi Enomoto ◽  
Kazuhiko Yamazaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Peak Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Distance Runners ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Running Performance ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Psoas Major

Ultrasound Method for Estimating the Cross-Sectional Area of the Psoas Major Muscle

2011 ◽  
Vol 43 (10) ◽  
pp. 2000-2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
YOHEI TAKAI ◽  
YOICHI KATSUMATA ◽  
YASUO KAWAKAMI ◽  
HIROAKI KANEHISA ◽  
TETSUO FUKUNAGA
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ultrasound Method ◽  
Psoas Major Muscle ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Psoas Major

scholarly journals Calf muscle cross-sectional area and peak oxygen uptake and work rate in children and adults

1994 ◽  
Vol 267 (3) ◽  
pp. R720-R725 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Zanconato ◽  
G. Riedy ◽  
D. M. Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Peak Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Work Rate ◽  
Scaling Factor ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Calf Muscle ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Metabolic Capacity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Muscle Cross Sectional Area

It is often assumed that the inherent peak muscle metabolic capacity scales in direct proportion to muscle cross-sectional area and is the same in small and large animals (A. V. Hill. Sci. Prog. 38: 208-230, 1950). We wondered whether this relationship between size and function was true during the period of growth and development in humans. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to determine calf muscle cross-sectional area (CSA) in 20 children (6-11 yr old, 11 boys) and in 18 adults (23-42 yr old, 10 men). Progressive cycle ergometer exercise was performed to determine peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) and work rate (WRpeak). The scaling factor (determined by allometric analysis) relating maximal O2 uptake (VO2max) to muscle CSA for the whole sample population was 1.04 +/- 0.12 (SE), but the scaling factor relating WRpeak to muscle CSA was significantly greater (1.37 +/- 0.12). Consistent with this, VO2max/CSA was not affected by body weight, but the WRpeak/CSA increased as a function of weight both in males (P < 0.005) and females (P < 0.05). No differences in VO2max/CSA were found between children and adults. WRpeak/CSA was significantly higher in adults compared with children (P < 0.05). It appears that the inherent peak muscle metabolic capacity is smaller in children than in adults. Moreover, the coupling of muscle capacity with whole body metabolic rate changes during growth in humans.

scholarly journals Sex-related differences and cross-sectional age-related changes to the cross-sectional area of the psoas major muscles corrected for fat-free mass

2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-132
Author(s):  
Nozomi Ohta ◽  
Tomomi Iida ◽  
Yoshihiro Hoshikawa ◽  
Yohei Takata ◽  
Yoshiharu Nakajima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Psoas Major ◽  
Age Related Changes

Cross-sectional area of psoas major muscle and hip flexion strength in youth soccer players

2012 ◽  
Vol 112 (10) ◽  
pp. 3487-3494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshihiro Hoshikawa ◽  
Tomomi Iida ◽  
Nozomi Ii ◽  
Masataka Muramatsu ◽  
Yoshiharu Nakajima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Youth Soccer ◽  
Psoas Major Muscle ◽  
Psoas Major ◽  
Hip Flexion ◽  
Flexion Strength

scholarly journals Atrophy patterns in isolated subscapularis lesions

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gernot Seppel ◽  
Andreas Voss ◽  
Daniel J. H. Henderson ◽  
Simone Waldt ◽  
Bernhard Haller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Atrophy ◽  
Area Ratio ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Subscapularis Muscle ◽  
Mri Scans ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Cross

Abstract Background While supraspinatus atrophy can be described according to the system of Zanetti or Thomazeau there is still a lack of characterization of isolated subscapularis muscle atrophy. The aim of this study was to describe patterns of muscle atrophy following repair of isolated subscapularis (SSC) tendon. Methods Forty-nine control shoulder MRI scans, without rotator cuff pathology, atrophy or fatty infiltration, were prospectively evaluated and subscapularis diameters as well as cross sectional areas (complete and upper half) were assessed in a standardized oblique sagittal plane. Calculation of the ratio between the upper half of the cross sectional area (CSA) and the total CSA was performed. Eleven MRI scans of patients with subscapularis atrophy following isolated subscapularis tendon tears were analysed and cross sectional area ratio (upper half /total) determined. To guarantee reliable measurement of the CSA and its ratio, bony landmarks were also defined. All parameters were statistically compared for inter-rater reliability, reproducibility and capacity to quantify subscapularis atrophy. Results The mean age in the control group was 49.7 years (± 15.0). The mean cross sectional area (CSA) was 2367.0 mm2 (± 741.4) for the complete subscapularis muscle and 1048.2 mm2 (± 313.3) for the upper half, giving a mean ratio of 0.446 (± 0.046). In the subscapularis repair group the mean age was 56.7 years (± 9.3). With a mean cross sectional area of 1554.7 mm2 (± 419.9) for the complete and of 422.9 mm2 (± 173.6) for the upper half of the subscapularis muscle, giving a mean CSA ratio of 0.269 (± 0.065) which was seen to be significantly lower than that of the control group (p < 0.05). Conclusion Analysis of typical atrophy patterns of the subscapularis muscle demonstrates that the CSA ratio represents a reliable and reproducible assessment tool in quantifying subscapularis atrophy. We propose the classification of subscapularis atrophy as Stage I (mild atrophy) in case of reduction of the cross sectional area ratio < 0.4, Stage II (moderate atrophy) in case of < 0.35 and Stage III (severe atrophy) if < 0.3.

The area of eye muscle of beef cattle carcasses

1963 ◽  
Vol 3 (10) ◽  
pp. 249
Author(s):  
RM Seebeck
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Eye Muscle ◽  
Angus Cattle ◽  
The Cross

Variations in the cross-sectional area of eye muscle of carcasses cut between the tenth and eleventh ribs were investigated, using 105 Hereford and 51 Angus steers aged 20 months. These cattle consisted of three groups, born in successive years. At constant carcass weight, statistically significant differences in eye muscle area were found between breeds and between years. Breed and year differences were also found in eye muscle area with width and depth of eye muscle constant, so that there are limitations to the estimation of eye muscle area from width and depth measurements. A nomograph is given for estimating eye muscle area from width and depth for Hereford and Angus cattle, when all animals are reared in the same year and environment. The use of eye muscle area as an indicator of weight of carcass muscle is discussed.

Comparison of the Cross Sectional Area, the Loss in Volume and the Mechanical Properties of LAE442 and MgCa0.8 as Resorbable Magnesium Alloy Implants after 12 Months Implantation Duration

2010 ◽  
Vol 638-642 ◽  
pp. 675-680 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Thomann ◽  
Nina von der Höh ◽  
Dirk Bormann ◽  
Dina Rittershaus ◽  
C. Krause ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Degradation Process ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Initial Strength ◽  
Three Point Bending ◽  
The Cross

Current research focuses on magnesium based alloys in the course of searching a resorbable osteosynthetic material which provides sufficient mechanical properties besides a good biocompatibility. Previous studies reported on a favorable biocompatibility of the alloys LAE442 and MgCa0.8. The present study compared the degradation process of cylindrical LAE442 and MgCa0.8 implants after 12 months implantation duration. Therefore, 10 extruded implants (2.5 x 25 mm, cross sectional area 4.9 mm²) of both alloys were implanted into the medullary cavity of both tibiae of rabbits for 12 months. After euthanization, the right bone-implant-compound was scanned in a µ-computed tomograph (µCT80, ScancoMedical) and nine uniformly distributed cross-sections of each implant were used to determine the residual implants´ cross sectional area (Software AxioVisionRelease 4.5, Zeiss). Left implants were taken out of the bone carefully. After weighing, a three-point bending test was carried out. LAE442 implants degraded obviously slower and more homogeneously than MgCa0.8. The mean residual cross sectional area of LAE442 implants was 4.7 ± 0.07 mm². MgCa0.8 showed an area of only 2.18 ± 1.03 mm². In contrast, the loss in volume of LAE442 pins was more obvious. They lost 64 % of their initial weight. The volume of MgCa0.8 reduced clearly to 54.4 % which corresponds to the cross sectional area results. Three point bending tests revealed that LAE442 showed a loss in strength of 71.2 % while MgCa0.8 lost 85.6 % of its initial strength. All results indicated that LAE442 implants degraded slowly, probably due to the formation of a very obvious degradation layer. Degradation of MgCa0.8 implants was far advanced.

A method of in-vitro measurement of the cross-sectional area of soft tissues, using ultrasonography

2002 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masahiko Noguchi ◽  
Toshiya Kitaura ◽  
Kazuya Ikoma ◽  
Yoshiaki Kusaka
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Cross

Intra- and inter-rater reliability for the measurement of the cross-sectional area of ankle tendons assessed by magnetic resonance imaging

2021 ◽  
pp. 028418512110032
Author(s):  
Henrique Mansur ◽  
Guilherme Estanislau ◽  
Marcos de Noronha ◽  
Rita de Cassia Marqueti ◽  
Emerson Fachin-Martins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rater Reliability ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Very High

Background The cross-sectional area (CSA) records make an essential measurement for determining the mechanical properties of tendons, such as stress and strength. However, there is no consensus regarding the best method to record the CSA from different tendons. Purpose To determine intra- and inter-rater reliability for CSA measures from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the following tendons: tibialis anterior; tibialis posterior; fibularis longus and brevis; and Achilles. Material and Methods We designed an observational study with repeated measures taken from a convenience sample of 20 participants diagnosed with acute or chronic ankle sprain. Two independent raters took three separate records from the CSA of ankle tendon images of each MRI slice. The intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) and 95% limits of agreement (LoA) defined the quality (associations) and magnitude (differences), respectively, of intra- and inter-rater reliability on the measures plotted by the Bland–Altman method. Results Data showed very high intra- and inter-rater correlations for measures taken from all tendons analyzed (ICC 0.952–0.999). It also revealed an excellent agreement between raters (0.12%–2.3%), with bias no higher than 2 mm2 and LoA in the range of 4.4–7.9 mm2. The differences between repeated measures recorded from the thinnest tendons (fibularis longus and brevis) revealed the lowest bias and narrowest 95% LoA. Conclusion Reliability for the CSA of ankle tendons measured from MRI taken by independent rates was very high, with the smallest differences between raters observed when the thinnest tendon was analyzed.

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