Axial heterogeneity of vasopressin-receptor subtypes along the human and mouse collecting duct

2007 ◽  
Vol 292 (1) ◽  
pp. F351-F360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Carmosino ◽  
Heddwen L. Brooks ◽  
Qi Cai ◽  
Linda S. Davis ◽  
Susan Opalenik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Collecting Duct ◽  
Human Kidney ◽  
Intercalated Cells ◽  
Receptor Mrna ◽  
Collecting Ducts ◽  
Vasopressin Receptors ◽  
V2 Receptor ◽  
V2 Vasopressin Receptors ◽  
Human And Mouse

Vasopressin and vasopressin antagonists are finding expanded use in mouse models of disease and in clinical medicine. To provide further insight into the physiological role of V1a and V2 vasopressin receptors in the human and mouse kidney, intrarenal localization of the receptors mRNA was determined by in situ hybridization. V2-receptor mRNA was predominantly expressed in the medulla, whereas mRNA for V1a receptors predominated in the cortex. The segmental localization of vasopressin-receptor mRNAs was determined using simultaneous in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry for segment-specific markers, including aquaporin-2, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, epithelial Na channels, Tamm Horsfall glycoprotein, and thiazide-sensitive Na+-Cl− cotransporter. Notably, V1a receptor expression was exclusively expressed in V-ATPase/anion exchanger-1-labeled alpha-intercalated cells of the medullary collecting duct in both mouse and human kidney. In cortical collecting ducts, V1a mRNA was more widespread and detected in both principal and intercalated cells. V2-receptor mRNA is diffusely expressed along the collecting ducts in both mouse and human kidney, with higher expression levels in the medulla. These results demonstrate heterogenous axial expression of both V1a and V2 vasopressin receptors along the human and mouse collecting duct. The restricted expression of V1a-receptor mRNA in intercalated cells suggests a role for this receptor in acid-base balance. These findings further suggest distinct regulation of renal transport function by AVP through V1a and V2 receptors in the cortex vs. the medulla.

Pharmacological characterization of V1a vasopressin receptors in the rat cortical collecting duct

1992 ◽  
Vol 262 (4) ◽  
pp. F546-F553 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ammar ◽  
S. Roseau ◽  
D. Butlen
Keyword(s):  
Arginine Vasopressin ◽  
Rank Order ◽  
Collecting Duct ◽  
Free Ligand ◽  
Arginine Vasotocin ◽  
Cortical Collecting Duct ◽  
Pharmacological Characterization ◽  
Collecting Ducts ◽  
Vasopressin Receptors ◽  
V2 Vasopressin Receptors

Vasopressin receptors in distal segments of the rat nephron were identified in isolated tubules using two labeled ligands: the [1-(beta-mercapto-beta,beta-cyclopentamethylenepropionic acid), 2-(O-methyl)tyrosine,4-threonine,8-ornithine,9-125I-tyrosylamide]- vasotocin [125I-d(CH2)5[Tyr(Me)2,Thr4,Tyr-NH2(9)]OVT] and the linear analogue, Phaa1,D-Tyr(Me)2,Phe3,Gln4,Asn5,Arg6, Pro7,Arg8,125I-Tyr-NH2(9) [125I-Tyr-NH2(9)-linear antagonist (LA)-V1a)]. Specific 125I-d(CH2)5[Tyr(Me)2,Thr4,Tyr-NH2(9)]-OVT binding to cortical collecting ducts (CCD) was saturable with incubation time and dose, reversible after elimination of free ligand, and characterized by the following rank order for recognition of vasopressin analogues: desGly9-d-(CH2)5-[Tyr(Et)2,Val4]arginine vasopressin (AVP) greater than or equal to d(CH2)5[Tyr-(ET)2,Val4]AVP greater than or equal to AVP greater than or equal to d(CH2)5[Tyr(Me)2]AVP = 1-desamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin (DDAVP) greater than or equal to Tyr-NH2(9)-LA-V1a greater than [8-arginine]vasotocin (AVT) greater than d(CH2)5[Tyr(Me)2, Thr4,Tyr-NH2(9)]OVT greater than oxytocin (OT) greater than [Phe2,Orn8]VT much greater than [Thr4,Gly7]-OT. Scatchard plots of dose-dependent 125I-Tyr-NH2(9)-LA-V1a binding to medullary thick ascending limbs (MTAL), CCD, and outer medullary collecting ducts (OMCD) revealed the presence of high- and low-affinity binding sites corresponding to V1a and V2 vasopressin receptors, respectively; the densities of V1a receptors are approximately 20% of the total number of vasopressin receptors in CCD and 5% in MTAL and OMCD.

Expression of the thiazide-sensitive Na-Cl cotransporter in rat and human kidney

1995 ◽  
Vol 269 (6) ◽  
pp. F900-F910 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Obermuller ◽  
P. Bernstein ◽  
H. Velazquez ◽  
R. Reilly ◽  
D. Moser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Collecting Duct ◽  
Human Kidney ◽  
Protein Band ◽  
Distal Region ◽  
Thick Ascending Limb ◽  
Intercalated Cells ◽  
Cortical Collecting Duct ◽  
Nephron Segments ◽  
Collecting Tubule

An electroneutral thiazide-sensitive Na-Cl cotransport pathway (TSC) has been localized functionally to the distal convoluted tubule (DCT), although the TSC has also been detected in the connecting tubule (CNT), the cortical collecting duct, and the medullary collecting tubule as well. The present experiments were designed to localize expression of message for the TSC in rat and human kidney. A riboprobe, generated from the mouse TSC, was used for in situ hybridization. Simultaneous immunocytochemistry, using antibodies to Tamm-Horsfall protein, band 3, and the Na+/Ca2+ exchanger, permitted delineation of specific nephron segments. In rat, message for the TSC was highly expressed in DCT cells but not elsewhere. The transition from thick ascending limb to DCT was abrupt, whereas the transition to CNT was gradual. In the more distal region of rat DCT (DCT-2), which contained few intercalated cells, both TSC message and Na+/Ca2+ exchanger immunoreactivity were present. Treatment of rats with furosemide for 5 days increased expression of TSC message within the DCT but did not induce its expression elsewhere. In humans, expression of TSC message was also highest in cells of the DCT. In humans, however, expression extended well into the CNT. These experiments indicate that the TSC is expressed predominantly by DCT cells in both rat and humans, although expression extends into the CNT cells in humans. They also show that the TSC and Na+/Ca2+ exchanger are coexpressed by a subpopulation of DCT cells near the junction with the CNT.

scholarly journals Potassium depletion increases proton pump (H+-ATPase) activity in intercalated cells of cortical collecting duct

2000 ◽  
Vol 279 (1) ◽  
pp. F195-F202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randi B. Silver ◽  
Sylvie Breton ◽  
Dennis Brown
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Atpase Activity ◽  
Collecting Duct ◽  
Proton Pumps ◽  
Intercalated Cells ◽  
Cortical Collecting Duct ◽  
Collecting Ducts ◽  
Acid Load ◽  
Collecting Tubules ◽  
Atpase Staining

Intercalated cells (ICs) from kidney collecting ducts contain proton-transporting ATPases (H+-ATPases) whose plasma membrane expression is regulated under a variety of conditions. It has been shown that net proton secretion occurs in the distal nephron from chronically K+-depleted rats and that upregulation of tubular H+- ATPase is involved in this process. However, regulation of this protein at the level of individual cells has not so far been examined. In the present study, H+-ATPase activity was determined in individually identified ICs from control and chronically K+-depleted rats (9–14 days on a low-K+ diet) by monitoring K+- and Na+-independent H+ extrusion rates after an acute acid load. Split-open rat cortical collecting tubules were loaded with the intracellular pH (pHi) indicator 2′,7′-bis(2-carboxyethyl)-5(6)-carboxyfluorescein, and pHiwas determined by using ratiometric fluorescence imaging. The rate of pHi recovery in ICs in response to an acute acid load, a measure of plasma membrane H+-ATPase activity, was increased after K+ depletion to almost three times that of controls. Furthermore, the lag time before the start of pHirecovery after the cells were maximally acidified fell from 93.5 ± 13.7 s in controls to 24.5 ± 2.1 s in K+-depleted rats. In all ICs tested, Na+- and K+-independent pHi recovery was abolished in the presence of bafilomycin (100 nM), an inhibitor of the H+-ATPase. Analysis of the cell-to-cell variability in the rate of pHi recovery reveals a change in the distribution of membrane-bound proton pumps in the IC population of cortical collecting duct from K+-depleted rats. Immunocytochemical analysis of collecting ducts from control and K+-depleted rats showed that K+-depletion increased the number of ICs with tight apical H+ATPase staining and decreased the number of cells with diffuse or basolateral H+-ATPase staining. Taken together, these data indicate that chronic K+ depletion induces a marked increase in plasma membrane H+ATPase activity in individual ICs.

Endothelin receptor mRNA expression in renal medulla identified by in situ RT-PCR

1995 ◽  
Vol 269 (3) ◽  
pp. F449-F457 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. H. Chow ◽  
S. Subramanian ◽  
G. J. Nuovo ◽  
F. Miller ◽  
E. P. Nord
Keyword(s):  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Collecting Duct ◽  
Renal Medulla ◽  
Receptor Subtypes ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Receptor Mrna ◽  
Pcr Products ◽  
Medullary Collecting Duct ◽  
Labeled Probe

Three subtypes of endothelin (ET) receptors have been identified by cDNA cloning, namely ET-RA, ET-RB, and ET-RC. In the current study the precise cellular distribution of the ET receptor subtypes in the renal medulla was explored by detecting the corresponding polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-amplified cDNAs by in situ reverse transcription (RT)-PCR. The PCR-amplified cDNAs were detected either by direct incorporation using digoxigenin-dUTP (dig-dUTP) as a nucleotide substrate in the PCR reaction or by in situ hybridization with the dig-dUTP-labeled probe. ET-RB mRNA was detected exclusively in the epithelial cells of the inner and outer medullary collecting duct. In contrast, ET-RA message was observed primarily in interstitial cells and pericytes of the vasae rectae in the outer and inner medulla. Southern blot analysis of PCR-amplified cDNAs reverse transcribed from extracted RNA of rat renal medulla confirmed the specificity of the RT-PCR products. ET-RC mRNA was not detected. We conclude that ET-RB is the major ET receptor found in rat renal medulla and is expressed exclusively on inner medullary collecting duct cells. The pattern of ET receptor mRNA expression described suggests different physiological actions for ET on the diverse cellular structures of the renal medulla.

Three distinct cell populations in rat kidney collecting duct

1987 ◽  
Vol 253 (2) ◽  
pp. C323-C328 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Holthofer ◽  
B. A. Schulte ◽  
G. Pasternack ◽  
G. J. Siegel ◽  
S. S. Spicer
Keyword(s):  
Collecting Duct ◽  
Rat Kidney ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Anion Channel ◽  
Band 3 ◽  
Cell Populations ◽  
Intercalated Cells ◽  
Distinct Cell ◽  
Collecting Ducts ◽  
Principal And Intercalated Cells

The morphologically heterogeneous cell populations in the collecting ducts of the rat kidney were studied using immunocytochemical detection of Na+-K+-ATPase and the anion channel (band 3) glycoprotein. Both enzymes were localized to the basal aspect of separate and morphologically distinct subpopulations of cells in various segments of the collecting duct. Na+-K+-ATPase appeared to be present exclusively in principal cells as identified by their morphology, whereas band 3 antibodies reacted only with intercalated cells. However, 5-20% of cells with the morphological characteristics of intercalated cells failed to react with either antisera in various segments of collecting ducts. As band 3 glycoprotein serves in exchanging intracellular bicarbonate for chloride, it is highly likely that the cells positive for this antigen secrete protons. The method introduced here appears thus useful for distinguishing between principal and intercalated cells by differences in their enzyme content and further for revealing two subpopulations of intercalated cells. This method promises to provide a useful approach for studying the principal and intercalated cell populations in various metabolic states.

scholarly journals Detection and localization of H+-K+-ATPase isoforms in human kidney

2001 ◽  
Vol 281 (4) ◽  
pp. F763-F768 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey A. Kraut ◽  
Kerstin G. Helander ◽  
Herbert F. Helander ◽  
Ngozi D. Iroezi ◽  
Elizabeth A. Marcus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Kidney ◽  
Renal Tissue ◽  
Intercalated Cells ◽  
Cytoplasmic Staining ◽  
Principal Cells ◽  
Medullary Tissue ◽  
Collecting Ducts ◽  
Light Staining ◽  
Immunohistochemical Studies ◽  
Detection And Localization

An H+-K+-ATPase contributes to hydrogen secretion and potassium reabsorption by the rat and rabbit collecting ducts. Transport of these ions appears to be accomplished by one or both of two isoforms of the H+-K+-ATPase, HKα1 and HKα2, because both isoforms are found in the collecting ducts and transport of hydrogen and potassium is attenuated by exposure to inhibitors of these transport proteins. To evaluate whether an H+-K+-ATPase is present in the human kidney, immunohistochemical studies were performed using normal human renal tissue probed with antibodies directed against epitopes of three of the known isoforms of the H+-K+-ATPase, HKα1, HKα2, and HKα4, and the V-type H+-ATPase. Cortical and medullary tissue probed with antibodies against HKα1 showed cytoplasmic staining of intercalated cells that was less intense than that observed in the parietal cells of normal rat stomach stained with the same antibody. Also, weak immunoreactivity was detected in principal cells of the human collecting ducts. Cortical and medullary tissue probed with antibodies directed against HKα4 revealed weak, diffuse staining of intercalated cells of the collecting ducts and occasional light staining of principal cells. Cortical and medullary tissue probed with antibodies directed against the H+-ATPase revealed staining of intercalated cells of the collecting ducts and some cells of the proximal convoluted tubules. By contrast, no discernible staining was noted with the use of the antibody against HKα2. These data indicate that HKα1 and HKα4 are present in the collecting ducts of the human kidney. In this location, these isoforms might contribute to hydrogen and potassium transport by the kidney.

Lectin-gold cytochemistry reveals intercalated cell heterogeneity along rat kidney collecting ducts

1985 ◽  
Vol 248 (3) ◽  
pp. C348-C356 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Brown ◽  
J. Roth ◽  
L. Orci
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membranes ◽  
Collecting Duct ◽  
Rat Kidney ◽  
Lectin Binding ◽  
Helix Pomatia ◽  
Intercalated Cells ◽  
Double Labeling ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Intercalated Cell ◽  
Collecting Ducts

The lectin-gold technique was used to detect Helix pomatia and Dolichos biflorus lectin binding sites directly on semithin and thin sections of rat kidney collecting ducts. Intercalated cell apical plasma membranes and the membranes of apical cytoplasmic vesicles were heavily labeled in the cortex and outer stripe of the outer medulla but were negative or very weakly labeled in the inner stripe and inner medulla. In contrast, clear cell apical membranes were labeled along the entire length of the collecting duct. Double labeling of semithin cryostat sections with a specific antibody and lectin-gold complexes was used to demonstrate that the intercalated cells in all regions studied contained carbonic anhydrase, even though the lectin binding differed. These results indicate that, in terms of their glycocalyx composition, intercalated cells represent a heterogeneous population in different regions of the collecting duct.

Downregulation of vasopressin V2 receptor promoter activity via V1a receptor pathway

2007 ◽  
Vol 292 (5) ◽  
pp. F1418-F1426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuichiro Izumi ◽  
Yushi Nakayama ◽  
Tomohiko Mori ◽  
Hiroki Miyazaki ◽  
Hideki Inoue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Promoter Region ◽  
Promoter Activity ◽  
Collecting Duct ◽  
V1a Receptor ◽  
Antidiuretic Effect ◽  
Collecting Ducts ◽  
V2 Receptor ◽  
Flanking Region ◽  
Pka Pathway

Vasopressin V1a and V2 receptors (V1aR and V2R, respectively) distribute in the collecting duct of the kidney. Although the function of V2R mediating the antidiuretic effect of AVP has been investigated in detail, the role of V1aR in the collecting ducts has not been elucidated. In the present study, we have investigated the role of the V1aR pathway in V2R promoter activity. We cloned the 5′-flanking region of rat V2R (rV2R) and investigated rV2R promoter activity in the LLC-PK1 cell line transfected to express rat V1aR (rV1aR) dominantly (LLC-PK1/rV1aR). AVP induced a transient increase, followed by a sustained decrease, of rV2R promoter activity in these cells. This AVP-induced decrease of rV2R promoter activity was inhibited by V1aR, but not V2R, antagonist. PMA mimicked this decrease of rV2R promoter activity. On the contrary, 8-(4-chlorophenylthio)-cAMP increased rV2R promoter activity. These PMA- and 8-(4-chlorophenylthio)-cAMP-induced effects were not observed on the deletion segment of the 5′-flanking region lacking CAAT and SP1 sites. In conclusion, 1) expression of the V2R is downregulated via the V1aR pathway in LLC-PK1/rV1aR cells, and 2) expression of the V2R is downregulated by the PMA-induced PKC pathway and upregulated by the cAMP-PKA pathway. These opposite effects of PKC and PKA appear to be regulated by the same promoter region of CAAT and SP1.

scholarly journals Dopamine D4 receptor isoform mRNA and protein are expressed in the rat cortical collecting duct

1998 ◽  
Vol 275 (5) ◽  
pp. F742-F751 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duo Sun ◽  
Teresa W. Wilborn ◽  
James A. Schafer ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Dopamine Receptor ◽  
Collecting Duct ◽  
Receptor Protein ◽  
Cortical Collecting Duct ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Specific Primers ◽  
Receptor Isoforms ◽  
Collecting Ducts ◽  
D4 Receptor ◽  
Human And Mouse

We reported previously [ Am. J. Physiol. 271 ( Renal Fluid Electrolyte Physiol. 40): F391–F400, 1996] that dopamine inhibits vasopressin (AVP)-dependent water permeability and Na+ transport in the rat cortical collecting duct (CCD) apparently through a D4 dopamine receptor. The present experiments used RT-PCR of total RNA extracted from microdissected rat CCD to determine whether the D4and D1A dopamine receptor isoforms are expressed. Specific primers were used to amplify three regions of the D4 cDNA. All three gave products with 98–100% nucleotide identity to the known rat D4 sequence; however, there was an extra 6-bp insert at the 3′ end of the second transmembrane region that was identical to the human and mouse sequences but which had not been documented in the rat sequence. D4 receptor protein was also localized exclusively to the CCD and medullary collecting ducts by immunohistochemistry. Two regions of the D1A dopamine receptor message were also amplified by RT-PCR of RNA from rat CCD and were verified by sequencing and immunohistochemistry. We conclude that both D4 and D1A dopamine receptors are expressed in the rat CCD, but the physiological effects are attributable to a D4 receptor.

Postnatal maturation of rabbit renal collecting duct: intercalated cell function

1987 ◽  
Vol 253 (4) ◽  
pp. F622-F635 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. M. Satlin ◽  
G. J. Schwartz
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescent Dyes ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Collecting Duct ◽  
Intercalated Cells ◽  
Mitochondrial Potential ◽  
Postnatal Maturation ◽  
Intercalated Cell ◽  
Cell Ph ◽  
Cytoplasmic Vesicles ◽  
Collecting Ducts

Intercalated cells play a major role in renal regulation of acid-base balance. We used fluorescent dyes to characterize postnatal maturation of intercalated cells. We stained rabbit collecting ducts with the pH-sensitive dye 6-carboxyfluorescein diacetate and identified individual intercalated cells by their bright green fluorescence. Number of fluorescent cells per millimeter tubule doubled during maturation in midcortex (68 +/- 7 to 121 +/- 9; P less than 0.01) but did not change in outer stripe of outer medulla. Excitation-ratio (490/450 nm) fluorometry of individual cells in nonperfused tubules revealed an increase in pH of cortical intercalated cell from 7.28 +/- 0.03 in newborn to 7.43 +/- 0.03 in adult (P less than 0.005); principal cell pH did not change with age, averaging 7.10 +/- 0.05. The smaller difference in pH between intercalated and principal cells in neonates suggested a paucity of H+ pumps in immature intercalated cells. Indeed, few cortical intercalated cells trapped the weak base acridine orange in cytoplasmic vesicles that contained H+ pumps or demonstrated selective uptake of 3,3'+-dipentyloxacarbocyanine, a fluorescent cation that probes for mitochondrial potential. Intercalated cells in neonatal medullary collecting ducts had a cell pH similar to that measured in the adult, as well as numerous acidic cytoplasmic vesicles and significant mitochondrial potentials. In conclusion, intercalated cells in cortical collecting duct underwent postnatal proliferation and maturation, whereas those cells present in outer medullary collecting duct, where proliferation was virtually complete by 1 wk of age, were nearly differentiated. Signals directing this centrifugal pattern of postnatal renal maturation are presently unknown.

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