Structure of the latissimus dorsi muscle and respiratory function

The aim of this study was to evaluate whether respiratory function influences the structure of the latissimus dorsi muscle (LD). Twelve patients (58 +/- 10 yr) undergoing thoracotomy were studied. Lung and respiratory muscle function were evaluated before surgery. Patients showed a forced expired volume in 1 s (FEV1) of 67 +/- 16% of the reference value, an FEV1-forced vital capacity ratio of 69 +/- 9%, a maximal inspiratory pressure of 101 +/- 21% of the reference value, and a tension-time index of the diaphragm (TTdi) of 0.04 +/- 0.02. When patients were exposed to 8% CO2 breathing, TTdi increased to 0.06 +/- 0.03 (P < 0.05). The structural analysis of LD showed that 51 +/- 5% of the fibers were type I. The diameter was 56 +/- 9 microns for type I fibers and 61 +/- 9 microns for type II fibers, whereas the hypertrophy factor was 87 +/- 94 and 172 +/- 208 for type I and II fibers, respectively. Interestingly, the histogram distribution of the LD fibers was unimodal in two of the three individuals with normal lung function and bimodal (additional mode of hypertrophic fibers) in seven of the nine patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. An inverse relationship was found between the %FEV1-forced vital capacity ratio and both the diameter of the fibers (type I: r = -0.773, P < 0.005; type II: r = -0.590, P < 0.05) and the hypertrophy factors (type I: r = -0.647, P < 0.05; type II: r = -0.575, P = 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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Type II to Type I Transformation of Chronically Stimulated Goat Latissimus dorsi Muscle: A Histoenzymological, Biochemical, Bioenergetic, and Functional Study

European Surgical Research ◽

10.1159/000129444 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 28 (2) ◽

pp. 80-95 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M.A. Radermecker ◽

B. Focant ◽

T. Hautecler ◽

F. Huriaux ◽

C. Duyckerts ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Latissimus Dorsi ◽

Latissimus Dorsi Muscle ◽

Functional Study ◽

Type I ◽

Type Ii ◽

Dorsi Muscle

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ANGIONEOGENESIS AROUND INDUCED BONE WITH RECOMBINANT HUMAN BMP-2 IN A LATISSIMUS DORSI MUSCLE FLAP

Journal of Musculoskeletal Research ◽

10.1142/s021895770200071x ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 06 (01) ◽

pp. 17-21 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Jiro Akioka ◽

Kenji Kusumoto ◽

Kazuhisa Bessho ◽

Junya Sonobe ◽

Shinji Kaihara ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Contrast Medium ◽

Latissimus Dorsi ◽

Vascular System ◽

Muscle Flap ◽

Latissimus Dorsi Muscle ◽

Surrounding Tissue ◽

Type I ◽

Latissimus Dorsi Muscle Flap ◽

Bony Tissue ◽

Dorsi Muscle

Bony tissue induced with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) in the latissimus dorsi muscle flap (LDMF) of rats was investigated in angiography and histological examination. In five rats, rhBMP-2 with atelopeptide type I collagen (CL) as a carrier was implanted in the muscle pocket of LDMF. In five controls, only CL was implanted in the same manner. Three weeks after the implant, contrast medium was injected into the assending aorta. The LDMF was cut off at the base and exposed in soft X-ray. The implant and the surrounding tissue were then histologically examined. In the rhBMP-2-implant group, the vascularity was richer, especially around the implant, and radiated to the induced bony tissue. Contrast medium was observed in the vascular cavities of the marrow inside the trabeculae. In the controls, the vascularity was relatively poor and the remnant CL occupied the whole implant space. This study indicated that rhBMP-2 does not only induce trabeculae in muscle tissue, but also in the marrow, including vessels in the implant and the vascular system around the implant. Then, the induced bony tissue is supported in the circulation by the circulation by the vascular system, as a functional osseous tissue. This phenomenon may be highly beneficial in endogenous tissue engineering and regenerative medicene for skeletal reconstruction using BMP in the future.

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Regional blood flows in the goat latissimus dorsi muscle before and after chronic stimulation

Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1152/jappl.1996.81.6.2365 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 81 (6) ◽

pp. 2365-2372 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Richard E. Klabunde ◽

William A. Anderson ◽

Marius Locke ◽

Sigrid E. Ianuzzo ◽

C. David Ianuzzo

Keyword(s):

Latissimus Dorsi ◽

Fiber Type ◽

Latissimus Dorsi Muscle ◽

Type I ◽

Chronic Stimulation ◽

Blood Flows ◽

Dorsi Muscle ◽

Thoracodorsal Artery ◽

Before And After ◽

Regional Blood Flows

Klabunde, Richard E., William A. Anderson, Marius Locke, Sigrid E. Ianuzzo, and C. David Ianuzzo. Regional blood flows in the goat latissimus dorsi muscle before and after chronic stimulation. J. Appl. Physiol. 81(6): 2365–2372, 1996.—Latissimus dorsi muscle (LDM) regional blood flows were determined in anesthetized goats by using colored microspheres under noncontracting and contracting conditions, either before or after 8–10 wk of chronic muscle stimulation. Surgical dissection of the LDM, leaving only the thoracodorsal artery to supply the muscle, did not alter regional noncontracting blood flows but significantly reduced the normal hyperemic response to muscle contraction in muscle regions (posterior-medial) furthest from the entrance of the thoracodorsal artery. Eight to 10 wk after acute muscle dissection, posterior-medial hyperemic flows were restored. Chronic stimulation of the LDM for 8–10 wk, in either dissected or nondissected muscles, did not alter regional blood flows in noncontracting muscle; however, it significantly reduced hyperemic flows in all muscle regions, although capillary density was increased and the muscle was transformed into a predominantly type I fiber type. These results, coupled with data from previous experiments, suggest that the muscle damage observed in the posterior-medial regions of the LDM after surgical dissection and chronic stimulation may be related to reduced hyperemic flow responses caused by surgical isolation of the muscle.

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Free Innervated Latissimus Dorsi Muscle Flap for Bladder Atonia

Journal of Reconstructive Microsurgery ◽

10.1055/s-2006-947895 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 22 (03) ◽

Author(s):

H. Molina ◽

R. Gomez ◽

W. Calderon ◽

C. Ramos ◽

P. Marchetti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Latissimus Dorsi ◽

Muscle Flap ◽

Latissimus Dorsi Muscle ◽

Latissimus Dorsi Muscle Flap ◽

Dorsi Muscle

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Clenbuterol Induces Hypertrophy of the Latissimus Dorsi Muscle and Heart in the Rat With Molecular and Phenotypic Changes

Circulation ◽

10.1161/01.cir.92.9.483 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 92 (9) ◽

pp. 483-489 ◽

Cited By ~ 37

Author(s):

Mario Petrou ◽

Dylan G. Wynne ◽

Kenneth R. Boheler ◽

Magdi H. Yacoub

Keyword(s):

Latissimus Dorsi ◽

Latissimus Dorsi Muscle ◽

Phenotypic Changes ◽

Dorsi Muscle

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Boomerang-shaped Lateral-to-back Flap Utilizing Multiple Thoracodorsal Artery Perforators around the Lateral Border of Latissimus Dorsi Muscle for Reconstruction of Large Circular Defect

Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery Global Open ◽

10.1097/gox.0000000000002644 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. e2644

Author(s):

Yu Kagaya ◽

Masaki Arikawa ◽

Takuya Sekiyama ◽

Satoshi Akazawa

Keyword(s):

Latissimus Dorsi ◽

Latissimus Dorsi Muscle ◽

Lateral Border ◽

Dorsi Muscle ◽

Thoracodorsal Artery ◽

Circular Defect

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Latissimus dorsi muscle flap

Interactive Surgery ◽

10.1007/s11610-007-0026-6 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 88-93

Author(s):

G. Balakrishnan ◽

A. Sivakumar ◽

S. Vijayaragavan

Keyword(s):

Latissimus Dorsi ◽

Muscle Flap ◽

Latissimus Dorsi Muscle ◽

Latissimus Dorsi Muscle Flap ◽

Dorsi Muscle

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Satellite cell activation in the stretch-enlarged anterior latissimus dorsi muscle of the adult quail

AJP Cell Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpcell.1991.260.2.c206 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 260 (2) ◽

pp. C206-C212 ◽

Cited By ~ 48

Author(s):

P. K. Winchester ◽

M. E. Davis ◽

S. E. Alway ◽

W. J. Gonyea

Keyword(s):

Satellite Cell ◽

Satellite Cells ◽

Latissimus Dorsi ◽

Tritiated Thymidine ◽

Cell Activity ◽

Muscle Length ◽

Latissimus Dorsi Muscle ◽

Cell Labeling ◽

Dorsi Muscle ◽

Anterior Latissimus Dorsi

Satellite cell activity was examined in the stretch-enlarge anterior latissimus dorsi muscle (ALD) of the adult quail. Thirty-seven birds had a weight equal to 10% of their body mass attached to one wing while the contralateral wing served as an intra-animal control. At various time intervals after application of the wing weight (from 1 to 30 days), the birds were injected with tritiated thymidine and killed 1 h later. Stretched muscle length was greater by day 1 and mass by day 3 when compared with the contralateral muscle. Satellite cells actively synthesizing DNA were quantitated in fiber segments of the control and stretched ALD. A minimum of 1,500 muscle nuclei (satellite cell nuclei and myonuclei) were counted in each muscle. Labeling in stretched muscle was expressed by the percent labeled nuclei per total nuclei counted. Satellite cell labeling was initiated by day 1, peaked between days 3 and 7, and was not statistically different from control values at day 30. These results demonstrate that satellite cells are induced to enter the cell cycle in the stretch-enlarged ALD muscle from the adult quail, and the peak of proliferative activity is within the first week of stretch.

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