Measurement of nasal patency in anesthetized and conscious dogs

2002 ◽  
Vol 92 (2) ◽  
pp. 617-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael C. Koss ◽  
Yongxin Yu ◽  
John A. Hey ◽  
Robbie L. McLeod
Keyword(s):  
Nasal Cavity ◽  
Nasal Congestion ◽  
Conscious State ◽  
Acoustic Rhinometry ◽  
Cavity Volume ◽  
Nasal Patency ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chronic Model ◽  
Thiopental Sodium ◽  
Conscious Animals

Experiments were undertaken to characterize a noninvasive chronic, model of nasal congestion in which nasal patency is measured using acoustic rhinometry. Compound 48/80 was administered intranasally to elicit nasal congestion in five beagle dogs either by syringe (0.5 ml) in thiopental sodium-anesthetized animals or as a mist (0.25 ml) in the same animals in the conscious state. Effects of mast cell degranulation on nasal cavity volume as well as on minimal cross-sectional area ( A min) and intranasal distance to A min ( D min) were studied. Compound 48/80 caused a dose-related decrease in nasal cavity volume and A min together with a variable increase in D min. Maximal responses were seen at 90–120 min. Compound 48/80 was less effective in producing nasal congestion in conscious animals, which also had significantly larger basal nasal cavity volumes. These results demonstrate the utility of using acoustic rhinometry to measure parameters of nasal patency in dogs and suggest that this model may prove useful in studies of the actions of decongestant drugs.

Acoustic Rhinometry in Preschool Children

2007 ◽  
Vol 137 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Qian ◽  
Wenwen Chen ◽  
Joseph M. Chen ◽  
James Haight
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Nasal Cavity ◽  
Volume Measurement ◽  
Acoustic Rhinometry ◽  
Nasal Resistance ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cavity Volume ◽  
Nasal Patency ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to measure nasal cavity volume (NV) in preschool children with the use of acoustic rhinometry (AR). STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: Prospective study: 1) Nasal cavity models were used to test the correlations between NV, minimal cross-sectional area (MCA), and nasal resistance; 2) 97 four-year-olds (48 boys, 49 girls) and 137 five-year-olds (68 boys, 69 girls) children were selected to undergo AR. RESULTS: 1. Model tests showed that the resistance correlated better with the changes of the volume than the MCA. 2. The average bilateral NV in preschool children was 2.03 ± 0.4 mL. There was no significant difference in either gender ( P = 0.2) or age ( P = 0.197). CONCLUSIONS: Volume measurement appears more sensitive and reliable than the MCA in assessing nasal patency. AR was easily performed on preschool children, and normative NV values were achieved. SIGNIFICANCE: The results and conclusions can be used to establish a standardized technique for AR measurement and interpretation.

S101 – Mometasone Reduces Congestion in Acoustic Rhinometry Study

2008 ◽  
Vol 139 (2_suppl) ◽  
pp. P111-P111
Author(s):  
Anne Marie Frances Salapatek ◽  
Piyush Patel ◽  
Patel Deepen ◽  
Gokul Hiremagalur Gopalan ◽  
Santosh Thomas Varghese
Keyword(s):  
Nasal Congestion ◽  
Objective Measure ◽  
Acoustic Rhinometry ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Nasal Patency ◽  
Post Dose ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Bothersome Symptom ◽  
Pollen Exposure

Objectives In a double-blind placebo-controlled study of ragweed-sensitive subjects with seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR), mometasone furoate nasal spray (MFNS) was evaluated for improvement in nasal congestion, reportedly the most bothersome symptom of SAR. Methods On Day 1, 310 subjects were exposed to ragweed pollen in an environmental exposure chamber (EEC) for 2 hours pre-dose, given MFNS 200 mcg or placebo, and studied for 6 hours post-dose. Acoustic rhinometry (AcR) was used to measure congestion before and after exposure. Subjects (n=155) who received MFNS or placebo for 7 additional days returned to the EEC on Day 8 for 4 additional hours of pollen exposure at 24, 26, and 28 hours post-dose. Results On Day 1, after 2 hours of EEC exposure pre-dose, minimal cross-sectional areas (MCAs) of each nostril measured with AcR decreased significantly for all subjects. At 6 hours post-dose, MFNS significantly reduced congestion (increased nasal patency) vs. baseline (P equal to/less than 0.00001) and placebo (P equal to 0.005). On Day 8, MFNS significantly decreased congestion vs. placebo pre-EEC pollen exposure (P equal to 0.04) and at 2 and 4 hours (P equal to 0.01 and 0.0008, respectively). MFNS protected subjects against nasal congestion throughout EEC pollen exposure on Day 8, while congestion continued to increase in subjects receiving placebo. Conclusions A single treatment of MFNS demonstrated significantly reduced nasal congestion, as assessed by AcR, a sensitive, objective measure of nasal patency. MFNS effectively reduced allergen-induced nasal congestion, even at trough levels.

Acoustic Rhinometry and Rhinomanometry in the Evaluation of Nasal Patency of Patients with Nasal Septal Deviation

1998 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 345-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Szücs ◽  
Peter A. R. Clement
Keyword(s):  
Nasal Cavity ◽  
Visual Analogue Score ◽  
Septal Deviation ◽  
Acoustic Rhinometry ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Nasal Patency ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nasal Septal Deviation ◽  
Nasal Cavities ◽  
Before And After

The aim of the present study was to assess the clinical utility of acoustic rhinometry (AR) compared with active anterior rhinomanometry (AAR) in the evaluation of nasal patency in subjects with nasal septal deviation. Fifty patients were divided into three groups based upon the part of the nasal cavity where the septal deviation was situated (anterior: up to 2.5 cm; middle: between 2.5 and 4.5 cm; posterior: between 4.5 and 8 cm measured from the columella). The control group consisted of 15 subjects with no nasal complaints and no history of nasal disease. Inspiratory and expiratory nasal airway resistance (NAR) at 75 Pa and at 150 Pa before and after decongestion were measured by AAR. Minimal Cross-sectional Area (MCA), distance of MCA, and nasal volume (Vol) were measured before and after decongestion by AR (Rhino 2000). Subjective nasal patency was assessed by Visual Analogue Score (VAS). In the statistical analysis the deviated unilateral nasal cavities were compared with the randomly chosen unilateral nasal cavities of normal subjects. Both techniques AR and AAR were sufficiently sensitive to reveal severe deviations in the anterior nasal cavity (MCA, Volant, NAR75, NAR150, p < 0.05). The techniques were less sensitive in cases of middle and posterior deviations (MCA, Volmid, Volpost, MCAmid, MCApost, NAR75, p > 0.05). The nondecongested inspiratory and expiratory NAR at 150 Pa were the only parameter that differed from normal in cases of posterior deviations. The VAS correlated better with NAR than with MCA. MCA correlated more frequently with expiratory than with inspiratory NAR.

A Comparison of the Nasal Cross-Sectional Areas and Volumes Obtained with Acoustic Rhinometry and Magnetic Resonance Imaging

1997 ◽  
Vol 117 (4) ◽  
pp. 349-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacquelynne P. Corey ◽  
Anil Gungor ◽  
Robert Nelson ◽  
Jeff Fredberg ◽  
Vincent Lai
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Nasal Cavity ◽  
Acoustic Rhinometry ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nasal Tip ◽  
Nasal Cycle ◽  
Volume Measurements ◽  
Mri Measurements

Acoustic rhinometry (AR) evaluates the geometry of the nasal cavity with acoustic reflections and provides information about nasal cross-sectional areas (CSA) and nasal volume within a given distance. The accuracy of the information obtained by AR was compared with that of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the nasal cavity. Five healthy subjects were evaluated with AR and the MRI before and after the application of a long-acting nasal decongestant spray, to eliminate possible interference of the nasal cycle with both measurement techniques. The MRI images of 2 mm coronal sections of the nasal cavity were traced by three independent observers and the CSAs were calculated by computer-aided imaging digitization, to be compared with the calculated CSAs obtained with the AR at the corresponding distance from the nasal tip. Digitized data from the MRI images were also used to calculate the nasal volume within the first 6 cm from the nasal tip and compared with the AR volume measurements. The interobserver variation of digitized MRI data predecongestant and postdecongestant was not significant. The correlations of CSA and volume measurements between the AR and MRI were high (0.969) after the application of the decongestant. The correlation between the AR and MRI measurements before the decongestant was low (0.345). This may have been the result of interference of the nasal cycle during the long MRI measurements (1 hour) or other unknown factors. We conclude that AR measurements of nasal CSAs and volumes provide accurate information when compared with the MRI of the decongested nasal airway.

Reproducibility of Acoustic Rhinometry in the Investigation of Occupational Rhinitis

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 474-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Castano ◽  
Gilles Thériault ◽  
Denyse Gautrin ◽  
Heberto Ghezzo ◽  
Carole Trudeau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Acoustic Rhinometry ◽  
Nasal Patency ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Occupational Rhinitis ◽  
Intraclass Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Objective Monitoring ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation

Background To diagnose occupational rhinitis, it is mandatory to conduct an objective assessment of changes in nasal patency during specific inhalation challenge (SIC). The reproducibility of acoustic rhinometry measurements in the setting of occupational challenges has never been examined. This study assessed the reproducibility of acoustic rhinometry during SIC investigation of occupational rhinitis. Methods Twenty-four subjects underwent acoustic rhinometry measurements during SIC investigation of occupational rhinitis. Subjects attended 3–6 days of SIC within a week by means of a realistic or closed-circuit apparatus methodology Results All of the within-day intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) for nasal volume (2–5 cm) and minimum cross-sectional area (MCA) based on a different number of measurements (2–7) were above 0.85; all of the coefficients of variation (CVs) for the same parameters were low (below 10%). The between-day CVs based on different numbers of SIC sessions ranged from 8.0 to 8.8% and from 6.8 to 8.8% for nasal volume and MCA, respectively. The between-day ICCs ranged from 0.80 to 0.88 and from 0.83 to 0.94 for nasal volume and MCA, respectively. Conclusion Acoustic rhinometry showed good within- and between-day reproducibility and can be recommended for the objective monitoring of nasal patency during SIC investigating occupational rhinitis.

Effects of the Breathe Right Nasal Strips on Nasal Ventilation

1997 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 399-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Gosepath ◽  
Wolf J. Mann ◽  
Ronald G. Amedee
Keyword(s):  
Nasal Cavity ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Acoustic Rhinometry ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Nasal Breathing ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Subjective Impression ◽  
Breathe Right Nasal Strips ◽  
And Training

The Breathe Right nasal strips are more and more commonly used, mainly by athletes, who hope to enhance their physical performance in competition and training. The effect of the device in such situations is uncertain and perhaps somewhat controversial. To investigate the effects of the nasal strips on nasal ventilation, 20 Caucasian individuals were objectively assessed using anterior rhinomanometry and acoustic rhinometry. The results showed a significant increase in all subjects of transnasal airflow and in the average cross-sectional area of the nasal cavity that quantifies objectively the subjective impression of improved nasal breathing. In such patients where an improvement in nasal ventilation is desired, the use of the Breathe Right nasal strips seems to offer a beneficial treatment.

Airflow and the Nasal Cycle: Nasal Patency Fluctuations after Laryngectomy

1995 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 175-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward W. Fisher ◽  
Ming Liu ◽  
Valerie J. Lund
Keyword(s):  
Mean Amplitude ◽  
Afferent Input ◽  
Acoustic Rhinometry ◽  
Nasal Airflow ◽  
Nasal Patency ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Nasal Cycle ◽  
Postoperative Time ◽  
The Mean

A periodic fluctuation in nasal patency or “nasal cycle” is observed in the majority of adults but has not hitherto been demonstrated in individuals after diversion of nasal airflow. Acoustic rhinometry, a highly sensitive technique which does not require airflow, provided the opportunity to evaluate this situation in patients who had undergone laryngectomy. We examined 21 postoperative individuals (mean postoperative time 4 years) and 14 control subjects matched for age (including 2 patients prelaryngectomy). Acoustic rhinometry was performed serially over 3–8 hours to determine minimum cross-sectional area and nasal cavity volume as indices of nasal patency. Fluctuations in nasal patency were observed in all laryngectomees and controls. These were classified as classical (reciprocal alternating), in concert (parallel) or irregular. The distribution of the control and laryngectomy subjects between the cycle categories was not statistically significant (Fisher's exact test: P > 0.05). The mean periodicity of the cycle was similar in the two groups (controls: 180 minutes, laryngectomees: 176 minutes), but the mean amplitude was significantly less in the laryngectomy group (68 versus 96 cm3; P < 0.07 Mann-Whitney U test). The nasal cycle can continue after cessation of airflow, but it is diminished in amplitude. Therefore, afferent input from nasal airflow receptors may continue to play a role in modulating the cycle's periodicity and amplitude, but are not responsible for generating the underlying cycle phenomenon.

scholarly journals Effect of rapid maxillary expansion on the dimension of the nasal cavity and on facial morphology assessed by acoustic rhinometry and rhinomanometry

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 129-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Enoki Itikawa ◽  
Fabiana Cardoso Pereira Valera ◽  
Mírian Aiko Nakane Matsumoto ◽  
Wilma Terezinha Anselmo Lima
Keyword(s):  
Nasal Cavity ◽  
Nasal Bone ◽  
Inferior Turbinate ◽  
Rapid Maxillary Expansion ◽  
Mouth Breathing ◽  
Acoustic Rhinometry ◽  
Facial Morphology ◽  
Nasal Resistance ◽  
Maxillary Expansion ◽  
Cross Sectional

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effects of rapid maxillary expansion on facial morphology and on nasal cavity dimensions of mouth breathing children by acoustic rhinometry and computed rhinomanometry. METHODS: Cohort; 29 mouth breathing children with posterior crossbite were evaluated. Orthodontic and otorhinolaryngologic documentation were performed at three different times, i.e., before expansion, immediately after and 90 days following expansion. RESULTS: The expansion was accompanied by an increase of the maxillary and nasal bone transversal width. However, there were no significant differences in relation to mucosal area of the nose. Acoustic rhinometry showed no difference in the minimal cross-sectional area at the level of the valve and inferior turbinate between the periods analyzed, although rhinomanometry showed a statistically significant reduction in nasal resistance right after expansion, but were similar to pre-treatment values 90 days after expansion. CONCLUSION: The maxillary expansion increased the maxilla and nasal bony area, but was inefficient to increase the nasal mucosal area, and may lessen the nasal resistance, although there was no difference in nasal geometry. Significance: Nasal bony expansion is followed by a mucosal compensation.

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