Role of Platelet-Activating Factor in Long-Term Potentiation of the Rat Medial Vestibular Nuclei

1998 ◽  
Vol 79 (6) ◽  
pp. 3266-3271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvarosa Grassi ◽  
Ermelinda Francescangeli ◽  
Gianfrancesco Goracci ◽  
Vito E. Pettorossi
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Activating Factor ◽  
Vestibular Nuclei ◽  
Long Term Potentiation ◽  
Dose Effect ◽  
High Frequency Stimulation ◽  
Term Potentiation ◽  
Presynaptic Mechanisms ◽  
The Right

Grassi, Silvarosa, Ermelinda Francescangeli, Gianfrancesco Goracci, and Vito E. Pettorossi. Role of platelet-activating factor in long-term potentiation of the rat medial vestibular nuclei. J. Neurophysiol. 79: 3266–3271, 1998. In rat brain stem slices, we investigated the role of platelet activating factor (PAF) in long-term potentiation (LTP) induced in the ventral part of the medial vestibular nuclei (MVN) by high-frequency stimulation (HFS) of the primary vestibular afferent. The synaptosomal PAF receptor antagonist, BN-52021 was administered before and after HFS. BN-52021 did not modify the vestibular potentials under basal conditions, but it reduced the magnitude of potentiation induced by HFS, which completely developed after the drug wash-out. The same effect was obtained by using CV-62091, a more potent PAF antagonist at microsomal binding sites, but with concentrations higher than those of BN-52021. By contrast both BN-52021 and CV-6209 had no effect on the potentiation once induced. This demonstrates that PAF is involved in the induction but not in the maintenance of vestibular long-term effect through activation of synaptosomal PAF receptors. In addition, we analyzed the effect of the PAFanalogue,  1 - O - hexadecyl - 2 - O - (methylcarbamyl) - sn - glycero - 3phosphocoline (MC-PAF) and the inactive PAF metabolite, 1- O-hexadecyl- sn-glycero-3-phosphocoline (Lyso-PAF) on vestibular responses. Our results show that MC-PAF, but not Lyso-PAF induced potentiation. This potentiation was prevented by d,l-2-amino 5-phosphonopentanoic acid, suggesting an involvement of N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors. Furthermore, under BN-52021 and CV-6209, the MC-PAF potentiation was reduced or abolished. The dose-effect curve of MC-PAF showed a shift to the right greater under BN-52021 than under CV-6209, confirming the main dependence of MC-PAF potentiation on the activation of synaptosomal PAF receptors. Our results suggest that PAF can be released in the MVN after the activation of postsynaptic mechanisms triggering LTP, and it may act as a retrograde messenger which activates the presynaptic mechanisms facilitating synaptic plasticity.

scholarly journals Chondroitin 6-sulphate is required for neuroplasticity and memory in ageing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sujeong Yang ◽  
Sylvain Gigout ◽  
Angelo Molinaro ◽  
Yuko Naito-Matsui ◽  
Sam Hilton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chondroitin Sulphate ◽  
Memory Loss ◽  
Memory Deficits ◽  
Long Term Potentiation ◽  
Aged Mice ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Term Potentiation ◽  
Early Memory

AbstractPerineuronal nets (PNNs) are chondroitin sulphate proteoglycan-containing structures on the neuronal surface that have been implicated in the control of neuroplasticity and memory. Age-related reduction of chondroitin 6-sulphates (C6S) leads to PNNs becoming more inhibitory. Here, we investigated whether manipulation of the chondroitin sulphate (CS) composition of the PNNs could restore neuroplasticity and alleviate memory deficits in aged mice. We first confirmed that aged mice (20-months) showed memory and plasticity deficits. They were able to retain or regain their cognitive ability when CSs were digested or PNNs were attenuated. We then explored the role of C6S in memory and neuroplasticity. Transgenic deletion of chondroitin 6-sulfotransferase (chst3) led to a reduction of permissive C6S, simulating aged brains. These animals showed very early memory loss at 11 weeks old. Importantly, restoring C6S levels in aged animals rescued the memory deficits and restored cortical long-term potentiation, suggesting a strategy to improve age-related memory impairment.

scholarly journals Imaging spatio-temporal patterns of long-term potentiation in mouse hippocampus

2003 ◽  
Vol 358 (1432) ◽  
pp. 689-693 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshiyuki Hosokawa ◽  
Masaki Ohta ◽  
Takeshi Saito ◽  
Alan Fine
Keyword(s):  
Hippocampal Slices ◽  
Temporal Patterns ◽  
Long Term Potentiation ◽  
Optical Recording ◽  
Stratum Radiatum ◽  
High Frequency Stimulation ◽  
Optical Signals ◽  
Term Potentiation ◽  
Spatio Temporal

Spatio-temporal patterns of neuronal activity before and after the induction of long-term potentiation in mouse hippocampal slices were studied using a real-time high-resolution optical recording system. After staining the slices with voltage-sensitive dye, transmitted light images and extracellular field potentials were recorded in response to stimuli applied to CA1 stratum radiatum. Optical and electrical signals in response to single test pulses were enhanced for at least 30 minutes after brief high-frequency stimulation at the same site. In two-pathway experiments, potentiation was restricted to the tetanized pathway. The optical signals demonstrated that both the amplitude and area of the synaptic response were increased, in patterns not predictable from the initial, pretetanus, pattern of activation. Optical signals will be useful for investigating spatio-temporal patterns of synaptic enhancement underlying information storage in the brain.

Psychophysical Evidence for Long-Term Potentiation of C-Fiber and Aδ-Fiber Pathways in Humans by Analysis of Pain Descriptors

2007 ◽  
Vol 97 (3) ◽  
pp. 2559-2563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niels Hansen ◽  
Thomas Klein ◽  
Walter Magerl ◽  
Rolf-Detlef Treede
Keyword(s):  
Pain Perception ◽  
Long Term Potentiation ◽  
High Frequency Stimulation ◽  
Burning Pain ◽  
Term Potentiation ◽  
C Fiber ◽  
Pain Ratings ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Pain Descriptors

Long-term potentiation of human pain perception (nociceptive LTP) to single electrical test stimuli was induced by high-frequency stimulation (HFS) of cutaneous nociceptive afferents. Numerical pain ratings and a list of sensory pain descriptors disclosed the same magnitude of nociceptive LTP (23% increase for >60 min, P < 0.001), whereas affective pain descriptors were not significantly enhanced. Factor analysis of the sensory pain descriptors showed that facilitation was restricted to two factors characterized by hot and burning (+41%) and piercing and stinging (+21%, both P < 0.01), whereas a factor represented by throbbing and beating was not significantly increased (+9%, P = 0.47). The increased perception of the burning pain quality for >1 h after HFS is interpreted as a LTP-like facilitation of the conditioned cutaneous C-fiber pathway. Additionally, the increase of the stinging pain quality supplied evidence for facilitation of a sharpness-sensitive Aδ-fiber pathway.

Neurotrophins and Proneurotrophins: Focus on Synaptic Activity and Plasticity in the Brain

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 587-604 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julien Gibon ◽  
Philip A. Barker
Keyword(s):  
Long Term Potentiation ◽  
Synaptic Activity ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Term Potentiation ◽  
Neurotrophin 3 ◽  
New Findings ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
The Brain

Neurotrophins have been intensively studied and have multiple roles in the brain. Neurotrophins are first synthetized as proneurotrophins and then cleaved intracellularly and extracellularly. Increasing evidences demonstrate that proneurotrophins and mature neurotrophins exerts opposing role in the central nervous system. In the present review, we explore the role of nerve growth factor (NGF), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), neurotrophin 3 (NT3), and neurotrophin 4 (NT4) and their respective proform in cellular processes related to learning and memory. We focused on their roles in synaptic activity and plasticity in the brain with an emphasis on long-term potentiation, long-term depression, and basal synaptic transmission in the hippocampus and the temporal lobe area. We also discuss new findings on the role of the Val66Met polymorphism on the BDNF propeptide on synaptic activity.

scholarly journals Examination of the role of cGMP in long-term potentiation in the CA1 region of the hippocampus.

1996 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
D K Selig ◽  
M R Segal ◽  
D Liao ◽  
R C Malenka ◽  
R Malinow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Long Term Potentiation ◽  
Ca1 Region ◽  
Term Potentiation
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document