Esophageal Carcinoma: Clinical TNM Staging with Endosonography and Computed Tomography

The prognosis of esophageal carcinoma has remained poor despite improvement of diagnostic modalities. Endosonography and computed tomography were performed for preoperative TNM staging (clinical TNM) of esophageal carcinoma. Endosonography was superior to computed tomography for diagnosing early stages and nonresectability of carcinoma. Endosonography was also superior to computed tomography in diagnosing regional lymph node metastases. For diagnosing nonmetastatic lymph nodes, however, computed tomography was superior. Endosonography was superior for diagnosing celiac lymph node metastases but less accurate in detecting liver involvement. Endosonography was accurate for clinical TNM staging of esophageal carcinoma. The possibility of performing cytology and biopsy will further enhance the diagnostic value of endosonography.

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Assessment of cervical lymph node metastases using indirect computed tomography lymphography with iopamidol in a tongue VX2 carcinoma model

The Journal of Laryngology & Otology ◽

10.1017/s0022215111000958 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 125 (8) ◽

pp. 820-828 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Y Shu ◽

X Xu ◽

Z Wang ◽

W Dai ◽

Y Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Lymph Node ◽

Lymph Nodes ◽

Lymph Node Metastases ◽

Cervical Lymph Node ◽

Cervical Lymph Nodes ◽

Cervical Lymph Node Metastases ◽

Computed Tomography Images ◽

Vx2 Carcinoma ◽

Node Metastases

AbstractObjective:To investigate the performance of indirect computed tomography lymphography with iopamidol for detecting cervical lymph node metastases in a tongue VX2 carcinoma model.Materials and methods:A metastatic cervical lymph node model was created by implanting VX2 carcinoma suspension into the tongue submucosa of 21 rabbits. Computed tomography images were obtained 1, 3, 5, 10, 15 and 20 minutes after iopamidol injection, on days 11, 14, 21 (six rabbits each) and 28 (three rabbits) after carcinoma transplantation. Computed tomography lymphography was performed, and lymph node filling defects and enhancement characteristics evaluated.Results:Indirect computed tomography lymphography revealed bilateral enhancement of cervical lymph nodes in all animals, except for one animal imaged on day 28. There was significantly slower evacuation of contrast in metastatic than non-metastatic nodes. A total of 41 enhanced lymph nodes displayed an oval or round shape, or local filling defects. One lymph node with an oval shape was metastatic (one of 11, 9.1 per cent), while 21 nodes with filling defects were metastatic (21/30, 70 per cent). The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and positive and negative predictive values when using a filling defect diameter of 1.5 mm as a diagnostic criterion were 86.4, 78.9, 82.9, 82.6 and 83.3 per cent, respectively.Conclusion:When using indirect computed tomography lymphography to detect metastatic lymph nodes, filling defects and slow evacuation of contrast agent are important diagnostic features.

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Predicting Pelvic Lymph Node Metastases in Penile Cancer Patients: A Comparison of Computed Tomography, Cloquet’s Node, and Disease Burden of Inguinal Lymph Nodes

Onkologie ◽

10.1159/000112462 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 31 (1-2) ◽

pp. 37-41 ◽

Cited By ~ 48

Author(s):

Yao Zhu ◽

Shi Lin Zhang ◽

Ding Wei Ye ◽

Xu Dong Yao ◽

Zhao Xia Jiang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Lymph Node ◽

Lymph Nodes ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Lymph Node Metastases ◽

Penile Cancer ◽

Disease Burden ◽

Pelvic Lymph Node ◽

Inguinal Lymph Nodes ◽

Node Metastases

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Magnetic Marking and Intraoperative Detection of Primary Draining Lymph Nodes in High-Risk Prostate Cancer Using Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles: Additional Diagnostic Value?

10.20944/preprints201711.0043.v1 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Alexander Winter ◽

Svenja Engels ◽

Lena Reinhardt ◽

Clara Wasylow ◽

Holger Gerullis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Prostate Cancer ◽

Lymph Node ◽

High Risk ◽

Lymph Nodes ◽

Lymph Node Metastases ◽

Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide ◽

Diagnostic Value ◽

Sentinel Lymph Nodes ◽

Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Node Metastases

Sentinel lymph node dissection (sLND) using a magnetometer and superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) as a tracer was successfully applied in prostate cancer (PCa). Radioisotope-guided sLND combined with extended pelvic LND (ePLND) achieved better node removal, increasing the number of affected nodes or the detection of sentinel lymph nodes outside the established ePLND template. We determined the diagnostic value of additional magnetometer-guided sLND after intraprostatic SPION-injection in high-risk PCa. This retrospective study included 104 high-risk PCa patients (PSA >20 ng/ml and/or Gleason score ≥8 and/or cT2c) from a prospective cohort who underwent radical prostatectomy with magnetometer-guided sLND and ePLND. The diagnostic accuracy of sLND was assessed using ePLND as a reference standard. Lymph node metastases were found in 61 of 104 patients (58.7%). sLND had a 100% diagnostic rate, 96.6% sensitivity, 95.6% specificity, 96.6% positive predictive value, 95.6% negative predictive value, 3.4% false negative rate, and 4.4% false positive rate (detecting lymph node metastases outside the ePLND template). These findings demonstrate the high sensitivity and additional diagnostic value of magnetometer-guided sLND, exceeding that of ePLND through the individualized extension of PLND or the detection of sentinel lymph nodes / lymph node metastases outside the established node template in high-risk PCa.

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Computed tomography evaluation of regional lymph node metastases in patients with biliary cancer

British Journal of Surgery ◽

10.1002/bjs.5920 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 95 (1) ◽

pp. 92-96 ◽

Cited By ~ 47

Author(s):

T. Noji ◽

S. Kondo ◽

S. Hirano ◽

E. Tanaka ◽

O. Suzuki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Lymph Node ◽

Lymph Node Metastases ◽

Regional Lymph Node ◽

Biliary Cancer ◽

Node Metastases

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PS02.158: DISTRIBUTION OF LYMPH NODE METASTASES IN ESOPHAGEAL CARCINOMA [TIGER STUDY]: A MULTINATIONAL OBSERVATIONAL STUDY

Diseases of the Esophagus ◽

10.1093/dote/doy089.ps02.158 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 31 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. 166-166

Author(s):

Eliza Hagens ◽

Mark I Van Berge Henegouwen ◽

Suzanne Gisbertz

Keyword(s):

Lymph Node ◽

Adjuvant Therapy ◽

Lymph Nodes ◽

Esophageal Carcinoma ◽

Lymph Node Metastases ◽

Tumor Location ◽

Transthoracic Esophagectomy ◽

Invasion Depth ◽

Tumor Histology ◽

Node Metastases

Abstract Background Lymph node status is an important prognostic parameter in esophageal carcinoma and an independent predictor of survival. Distribution of metastatic lymph nodes may vary with tumor location within the proximal or distal esophagus, tumor histology, tumor invasion depth and neoadjuvant therapy. Surgical strategy depends on the distribution pattern of nodal metastases but consensus on the extent of lymphadenectomy differs worldwide. Especially for adenocarcinoma the distribution of lymph node metastases has not yet been described in large series. Aim of the present study is to evaluate the distribution of lymph node metastases in esophageal carcinoma specimens following transthoracic esophagectomy with a 2-or 3-field lymphadenectomy. Methods The TIGER-study is an international observational cohort study with 58 participating centers. All patients with a resectable esophageal or gastro-esophageal junction carcinoma in whom a transthoracic esophagectomy with a 2- or 3-field lymphadenectomy is performed in participating centers will be included. All lymph node stations will be excised and separately individually analyzed by pathological examination. The aim is to include 5000 patients. The primary endpoint is the distribution of lymph node metastases in esophageal and esophago-gastric junction carcinoma specimens following transthoracic esophagectomy with at least 2-field lymphadenectomy in relation to tumor histology, tumor location, invasion depth, number of lymph nodes and lymph node metastases, pre-operative diagnostics, neo-adjuvant therapy and (disease free) survival. Results We aim to start inclusion on 1/03/2018 and will present the first results during the congress. Conclusion The TIGER study will provide a roadmap of the location of lymph node metastases in relation to tumor histology, tumor location, invasion depth, number of lymph nodes and lymph node metastases, pre-operative diagnostics, neo-adjuvant therapy and survival. Patient-tailored treatment can be developed on the basis of these results, such as the optimal radiation field and extent of lymphadenectomy based on the primary tumor characteristics. Disclosure All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.

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Pulmonary Sclerosing Hemangioma With Lymph Node Metastases

Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine ◽

10.5858/2003-127-0321-pshwln ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 127 (3) ◽

pp. 321-325 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Aya Miyagawa-Hayashino ◽

Henry D. Tazelaar ◽

Desiree J. Langel ◽

Thomas V. Colby

Keyword(s):

Lymph Node ◽

Lymph Nodes ◽

Lymph Node Metastases ◽

Residual Disease ◽

Regional Lymph Node ◽

Lung Nodule ◽

Sclerosing Hemangioma ◽

Pulmonary Sclerosing Hemangioma ◽

Node Metastases ◽

Pulmonary Tumors

Abstract Context.—Sclerosing hemangioma is an unusual pulmonary tumor. Previously, 4 patients with pulmonary sclerosing hemangioma and lymph node metastases have been described in the literature. Objective.—To report 4 additional cases of metastatic sclerosing hemangioma. Design.—Retrospective review of the authors' consultation files and review of histologic sections of pulmonary tumors and lymph node metastases. Results.—Four cases of a morphologically benign pulmonary sclerosing hemangioma with regional lymph node metastases (including hilar, peribronchial, and interlobar metastases) were identified. The patients (3 female, 1 male) had a mean age of 39 years (range, 10–56 years). The tumors ranged in size (greatest dimension) from 1.5 to 4.7 cm (mean, 3.1 cm). The pulmonary tumors were typical circumscribed sclerosing hemangiomas without mitotic activity, angiolymphatic invasion, or necrosis. One tumor had focal cytologic atypia. The metastases were identified in hilar lymph nodes that were removed at operation for the lung nodule. One patient received adjuvant chemotherapy for adenocarcinoma. All of the patients are alive. No recurrences or residual disease has been detected at a mean follow-up of 4.7 years (range, 2.3–10 years). Conclusions.—On the basis of case data from the 4 patients described here and the 4 patients described previously, metastases to regional lymph nodes from pulmonary sclerosing hemangioma may occur but are rare and do not appear to affect prognosis.

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Nodal Positive Breast Cancer and Its Regional Lymph Node Involvement

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1142496/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Heidrun Maennle ◽

Matthias Frank ◽

Felix Momm ◽

Jan Willem Siebers

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Lymph Node ◽

Lymph Nodes ◽

Lymph Node Metastases ◽

Regional Lymph Node ◽

Lymph Node Status ◽

Nodal Stage ◽

Node Metastases ◽

Level I ◽

Positive Breast Cancer

Abstract Purpose: In breast cancer, the lymph node status is of prognostic importance and a decisive factor in therapy planning. This study shows the distribution of lymph nodes metastases of node-positive breast cancer patients. Risk factors for lymph node metastases are described.Methods: 2095 patients with primary breast cancer were analyzed. Analysis included descriptive analysis (median, standard deviation, ranges) and statistical analysis (Chi², discriminant analysis).Results: The nodal stage was positive in 39.4% of all patients and negative in 60.6%. If the nodal stage was positive, only 1 lymph node was involved in 36% of the patients; more than 1 lymph node was involved in 64% of the patients. With an increasing number of lymph node metastases in level I, the probability of an involvement in level III also increases (F 437.845, p = .000). Other indicators are evidence of hemangiosis (F 247.728, p = .000) or lymphangiosis (F 167.368, P = .000). Despite <10 affected lymph nodes, 3.4% of the patients had nodal stage N3 due to level III involvement.Conclusion: Even with only a small number of lymph node metastases in level I higher lymphatic stations are often affected. The data cannot lead to a decision regarding an operation or radiation indication, but they can better substantiate the risk for certain therapy decisions.

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