scholarly journals Race/Ethnicity, Gender, Weight Status, and Colorectal Cancer Screening

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather Bittner Fagan ◽  
Ronald E. Myers ◽  
Constantine Daskalakis ◽  
Randa Sifri ◽  
Arch G. Mainous ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Crc Screening ◽  
Interview Survey ◽  
Multivariable Analyses ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Ethnicity And Gender ◽  
The Impact

Background. The literature on colorectal cancer (CRC) screening is contradictory regarding the impact of weight status on CRC screening. This study was intended to determine if CRC screening rates among 2005 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) respondent racial/ethnic and gender subgroups were influenced by weight status.Methods. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to determine if CRC screening use differed significantly among obese, overweight, and normal-weight individuals in race/ethnic and gender subgroups.Results. Multivariable analyses showed that CRC screening rates did not differ significantly for individuals within these subgroups who were obese or overweight as compared to their normal-weight peers.Conclusion. Weight status does not contribute to disparities in CRC screening in race/ethnicity and gender subgroups.

Impact of patient-provider race/ethnicity and gender concordance on cancer screening: Findings from medical expenditure panel survey.

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1547-1547
Author(s):  
Jyoti Malhotra ◽  
David Rotter ◽  
Jennifer Tsui ◽  
Adana Llanos ◽  
Bijal A Balasubramanian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Medical Expenditure Panel Survey ◽  
Medical Expenditure ◽  
Gender Concordance ◽  
Screening Adherence ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Ethnicity And Gender ◽  
Racial Ethnic

1547 Background: Racial/ethnic minority groups experience lower rates of cancer screening compared to non-Hispanic (NH) whites. Previous studies evaluating the role of patient-provider race/ethnicity and gender concordance in cancer screening have been inconclusive. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of 18,690 patient-provider pairs using the 2003-2010 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS) data. We assessed association between patient-provider race/ethnicity and gender concordance and, screening adherence for breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer using American Cancer Society guidelines. Separate multivariable logistic regression adjusting for demographics, self-reported health and MEPS survey year were conducted to examine relationships of interest. Results: Seventy percent of patients were NH-white, 15% were NH-black and 15% were Hispanic. Patients adherent to cancer screening were more likely to be non-Hispanic, better educated, married, wealthier, and privately insured. Among NH-black and NH-whites, patient-provider racial/ethnic concordance was not associated with screening adherence. Among Hispanics, patient-provider racial/ethnic discordant pairs had higher colorectal cancer screening rates as compared to concordant pairs (OR 1.48; 95% CI 1.28-1.71). This association was significant even on adjusting for gender concordance and survey language (English vs. Spanish). Conversely, patient-provider gender discordance was associated with lower rates of breast (OR 0.81; 95% CI 0.74-0.89), cervical (OR 0.79; 95% CI 0.72-0.87) and colorectal cancer (OR 0.86; 95% CI 0.80-0.93) screening adherence in all patients. This association was also significant on restricting analysis to racial/ethnic concordant pairs. Conclusions: Patient-provider gender concordance positively impacts adherence to cancer screening and this finding may guide future interventions. Patient-provider racial/ethnic concordance is not associated with screening adherence among whites and blacks but Hispanic patients seen by Hispanic providers have lower colorectal cancer screening rates. This counter-intuitive finding requires further study.

scholarly journals Erosive Esophagitis in the Obese: The Effect of Ethnicity and Gender on Its Association

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albin Abraham ◽  
Seth Lipka ◽  
Rabab Hajar ◽  
Bhuma Krishnamachari ◽  
Ravi Virdi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Erosive Esophagitis ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Morbidly Obese ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Black Patients ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Ethnicity And Gender

Background.Data examining the association between obesity and erosive esophagitis (ErE) have been inconsistent, with very little known about interracial variation.Goals.To examine the association between obesity and ErE among patients of different ethnic/racial backgrounds.Methods.The study sample included 2251 patients who underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD). The effects of body mass index (BMI) on ErE were assessed by gender and in different ethnic groups. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using multivariate logistic regression analysis.Results.The prevalence of ErE was 29.4% (661/2251). Overweight and obese subjects were significantly more likely to have ErE than individuals with a normal BMI, with the highest risk seen in the morbidly obese (OR 6.26; 95% CI 3.82–10.28;p<0.0001). Normal weight Black patients were less likely to have ErE as compared to Caucasians (OR 0.46; 95% CI 0.27–0.79;p=0.005), while the odds ratio comparing normal weight Hispanics to normal weight Whites was not statistically significant. No effect modification was seen between BMI and race/ethnicity or BMI and gender. Significant trends were seen in each gender and ethnicity.Conclusions.The effect of BMI on ErE does not appear to vary by race/ethnicity or gender.

Investigating the Influence of Mentor–Mentee Race and Gender Pairs on Public Health Persistence

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 63S-70S
Author(s):  
Cynthia Trawick ◽  
Thema Monroe-White ◽  
Michael Joseph ◽  
NyThea Campbell Tolbert ◽  
Jigsa Tola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Further Education ◽  
White Female ◽  
Graduate Degree ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Ethnicity And Gender ◽  
The Impact

Background. Mentoring and immersive experiences through internships are important means of increasing underrepresented (UR) students’ persistence in public health. However, while the positive effects of mentoring are well established, studies on the effect of race/ethnicity and gender mentor matching on persistence have produced mixed results. Aims. This article investigates the impact of homogeneous and heterogeneous mentor–mentee pairs on UR intern persistence for Project Imhotep, a summer internship program at Morehouse College. Method. The authors employ multivariable logistic regression analyses to examine the relationship between mentor and mentee race/ethnicity and gender characteristics on undergraduate intern academic persistence and career attainment. Results. Mentor demographics and institution type are predictors associated with intern academic and career persistence; however, the predictive importance of model attributes varied by outcome. Mentees paired with UR mentors (female or male) were more likely to attend graduate school, and mentees mentored by female mentors (UR female or White female) were more likely to pursue a graduate degree in public health. Finally, mentees mentored by UR females had the highest likelihood of either pursuing a graduate degree in public health or a public health career. Discussion. This article advances our understanding of how mentor–mentee race/ethnicity and gender affects the recruitment and retention of undergraduate students from racially and ethnically UR populations into public health. Conclusions. The findings suggest that the degree of shared racial/ethnic and/or gender identity between a public health intern and mentor influenced the likelihood of the intern pursuing further education or a public health career.

The Role of Psychosocial Processes in Explaining the Gradient Between Socioeconomic Status and Health

2003 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 119-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy E. Adler ◽  
Alana Conner Snibbe
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Allostatic Load ◽  
Direction Of Causation ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Psychosocial Processes ◽  
The Life Course ◽  
Ethnicity And Gender ◽  
The Impact

The gradient between socioeconomic status (SES) and health is well established: Many measures of health show that health increases as SES increases. However, the mechanisms underlying this association are not well understood. Behavioral, cognitive, and affective tendencies that develop in response to the greater psychosocial stress encountered in low-SES environments may partially mediate the impact of SES on health. Although these tendencies might be helpful for coping in the short term, over time they may contribute to the development of allostatic load, which increases vulnerability to disease. Debate remains regarding the direction of causation between SES and health, the impact of income inequality, the interaction of SES with race-ethnicity and gender, and the effects of SES over the life course.

The Impact of Discriminatory Stress on Changes in Posttraumatic Stress Severity at the Intersection of Race/Ethnicity and Gender

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Juliette McClendon ◽  
Nancy Kressin ◽  
Daniel Perkins ◽  
Laurel A. Copeland ◽  
Erin P. Finley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Ethnicity And Gender ◽  
The Impact

Decoding Difference

2021 ◽  
pp. 958-975
Author(s):  
Lisa Sechrest-Ehrhardt
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Critical Race Theory ◽  
Gender Issues ◽  
The United States ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
History Of ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Ethnicity And Gender ◽  
The Impact

Race, ethnicity, and gender issues have always been important matters in American politics. However, during the past two presidential elections these issues were the vanguard topics displayed on centerstage. The United Sates has a tainted history with respects to certain populations which it has discriminated against and marginalized throughout the country's history, and the tensions surrounding these issues erupted like a volcano. The United States became polarized as people began to align with different political and social ideologies depicting how those who are regarded as being different, “others”, should be treated. This chapter provides a brief history of marginalized populations in the United States and uses Critical Race Theory and self-awareness as means to help the reader understand the impact on society when racism and inequality are woven into the fabric of the country.

Decoding Difference

2018 ◽  
pp. 139-165
Author(s):  
Lisa Sechrest-Ehrhardt
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Critical Race Theory ◽  
Gender Issues ◽  
The United States ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
History Of ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Ethnicity And Gender ◽  
The Impact

Race, ethnicity, and gender issues have always been important matters in American politics. However, during the past two presidential elections these issues were the vanguard topics displayed on centerstage. The United Sates has a tainted history with respects to certain populations which it has discriminated against and marginalized throughout the country's history, and the tensions surrounding these issues erupted like a volcano. The United States became polarized as people began to align with different political and social ideologies depicting how those who are regarded as being different, “others”, should be treated. This chapter provides a brief history of marginalized populations in the United States and uses Critical Race Theory and self-awareness as means to help the reader understand the impact on society when racism and inequality are woven into the fabric of the country.

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