scholarly journals Investigating the Effect of Lignosulfonate on Erosion Rate of the Embankments Constructed with Clayey Sand

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamid Reza Koohpeyma ◽  
Amir Hossein Vakili ◽  
Hossein Moayedi ◽  
Alireza Panjsetooni ◽  
Ramli Nazir
Keyword(s):  
Erosion Rate ◽  
Erosion Resistance ◽  
Internal Erosion ◽  
Dam Failure ◽  
Natural State ◽  
Clayey Sand ◽  
Effective Technique ◽  
Embankment Dams ◽  
Stabilized Soil ◽  
Very High

Internal erosion is known as the most important cause of dam failure after overtopping. It is important to improve the erosion resistance of the erodible soil by selecting an effective technique along with the reasonable costs. To prevent internal erosion of embankment dams the use of chemical stabilizers that reduce the soil erodibility potential is highly recommended. In the present study, a lignin-based chemical, known as lignosulfonate, is used to improve the erodibility of clayey sand specimen. The clayey sand was tested in various hydraulic heads in terms of internal erosion in its natural state as well as when it is mixed with the different percentages of lignosulfonate. The results show that erodibility of collected clayey sand is very high and is dramatically reduced by adding lignosulfonate. Adding 3% of lignosulfonate to clayey sand can reduce the coefficient of soil erosion from 0.01020 to 0.000017. It is also found that the qualitative erodibility of stabilized soil with 3% lignosulfonate is altered from the group of extremely rapid to the group of moderately slow.

scholarly journals Electromagnetic profiling of Owena Dam, Southwestern Nigeria, using very-low-frequency radio fields

2016 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 237-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cyril Okpoli ◽  
Raphael Tijani
Keyword(s):  
Low Frequency ◽  
Soil Mass ◽  
Internal Erosion ◽  
Dam Failure ◽  
Real Component ◽  
Southwestern Nigeria ◽  
Very Low Frequency ◽  
Embankment Dams ◽  
Fractured Zones ◽  
Basement Structures

AbstractVery low frequency (VLF) was used to assess variations in overburden composition, bedrock lithology and the concealed basement structures within the bedrock of Owena Dam in Igbara-Oke of the Precambrian Basement Complex of Southwestern Nigeria. Five VLF-electromagnetic (EM) traverses were occupied at 5 m intervals. The VLF normal and filtered real component anomalies identify major geological interfaces suspected to be faults/fractured zones. The points of crossover between the real and imaginary components delineate the fractured zones, which were identified as areas of possible seepage (piping and sloughing). The internal erosion (permeability) of soil mass eventually leads to the formation of an open conduit in the soil, which may lead to failure of the embankment/dam. The fractured zones are suspected to be present at all traverses. In total, 21 fractured zones were identified along the dam embankment, with the deepest occurrence at Traverse 5. These seepage zones cause heterogeneity in the subsurface composition, which could lead to dam failure. The result of the study suggests that VLF is an adequate method of monitoring seepages in embankment dams.

Radar techniques for indicating internal erosion in embankment dams

1995 ◽  
Vol 33 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 143-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seje Carlsten ◽  
Sam Johansson ◽  
Anders Wörman
Keyword(s):  
Internal Erosion ◽  
Embankment Dams

scholarly journals Improving internal erosion resistance of silty sand using additives

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed Mohammad Ali Zomorodian ◽  
Shabnam Moghispoor ◽  
Brendan C. O'Kelly ◽  
Shaghayegh Sadat Babaei
Keyword(s):  
Erosion Resistance ◽  
Silty Sand ◽  
Internal Erosion

scholarly journals Six-Year Evaluation of Thermal-Sprayed Coating of Zn/Al in Tropical Marine Environments

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orlando Salas ◽  
Oladis Troconis de Rincón ◽  
Daniela Rojas ◽  
Adriana Tosaya ◽  
Nathalie Romero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Double Layer ◽  
Visual Inspection ◽  
Erosion Resistance ◽  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
Marine Environments ◽  
Initial Weight ◽  
Layer System ◽  
Double Layer System ◽  
Sprayed Coating ◽  
Very High

The main objective of this research was to evaluate the performance of thermal-sprayed coating of Zn/Al (double layer) after six years of exposure, with and without the use of sealant (wash primer) in tropical marine environments of very high aggressiveness: La Voz Station (located at the Peninsula de Paraguaná/Falcón State) and Lake Maracaibo Crossing Station (located at Zulia State), in Venezuela. To that effect, carbon steel coupons (100 mm × 150 mm × 2 mm) were sprayed by flame process. The coupons were characterized by means of initial weight, thickness, metallographic, adherence, and roughness, being evaluated monthly by visual inspection during six years. After removal, the coupons were evaluated by microscopic analysis to determine the morphology of attack, microstructure, penetration of contaminants, composition, and morphology of corrosion products. The results showed that after six years, the double-layer system represents an excellent choice for corrosion protection of steel by combining the galvanic protection of zinc with the erosion resistance of aluminum. However, due to the erosion-corrosion effect, a sealant such as wash primer can be used in order to extend its service life.

Rupture du barrage du lac Beloeil: causes et conséquences

1995 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 506-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Robert ◽  
Jean-Jacques Paré
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Internal Erosion ◽  
Earth Dam ◽  
Dam Failure ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
Dam Foundation ◽  
Environmental Consequences ◽  
Small Water ◽  
History Of ◽  
Foundation Failure

The foundation failure of a small earth dam, 4.1 m in height, has created a large breach through the overburden foundation, down to the bedrock, and has produced the complete loss of the Beloeil Lake reservoir. The geological nature of the dam foundation was complex; its resistance to internal erosion has changed with time due to seepage forces. The design of the dam foundation treatment was marginal. In this paper, the conditions of the dam prior to failure are given, the probable causes of the accident are presented, and the environmental consequences are reported. Such a case history of a dam failure illustrates the necessity to have a thorough knowledge of the foundation conditions of existing dams even for a very small water retaining structure. That accident demonstrates also the need for a continuous and effective surveillance program. Damages consist mainly in overburden erosion and sediment transportation through a remote area without any loss of human life. Key words: earth dam, foundation, failure, environment, rehabilitation, dam safety, surveillance.

scholarly journals Landslide Erosion Rate in the Eastern Cordillera of Northern Bolivia

2007 ◽  
Vol 11 (19) ◽  
pp. 1-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Troy A. Blodgett ◽  
Bryan L. Isacks
Keyword(s):  
Erosion Rate ◽  
Aerial Photographs ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
Bedrock Rivers ◽  
Eastern Cordillera ◽  
Erosion Rates ◽  
Landslide Volume ◽  
Tectonically Active ◽  
Dominant Process ◽  
Very High

Abstract The northeastern edge of the Bolivian Eastern Cordillera is an example of a tectonically active plateau margin where orographically enhanced precipitation facilitates very high rates of erosion. The topography of the steepest part of the margin exhibits the classic signature of high erosion rates consisting of high-relief V-shaped valleys where landsliding is the dominant process of hillslope erosion and bedrock rivers are incising into the landscape. The authors mapped landslide scars on multitemporal aerial photographs to estimate hillslope erosion rates. Field surveys of landslide scars are used to calibrate a landslide volume versus area relationship. The mapped area of landsliding, in combination with an estimate of the time for landslide scars to revegetate, leads to an erosion rate estimate. The estimated revegetation time, 10–35 yr, is based on analysis of multitemporal aerial photographs and tree rings. About 4%–6% of two watersheds in the region considered were affected by landslides over the last 10–35 yr. This result implies an erosion rate of 9 ± 5 mm yr−1 assuming that 90% of a single landslide reaches the river on average. Classified Landsat Thematic Mapper images show that landslides are occurring at approximately the same rate all across an approximately 40-km-wide swath within the high-relief zones of the cordillera.

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