scholarly journals A Low-Cost Biofeedback System for Electromyogram-Triggered Functional Electrical Stimulation Therapy: An Indo-German Feasibility Study

ISRN Stroke ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alakananda Banerjee ◽  
Bhawna Khattar ◽  
Anirban Dutta
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Functional Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Surface Emg ◽  
Treadmill Walking ◽  
Medial Gastrocnemius ◽  
Double Support ◽  
Biofeedback System ◽  
Normative Value ◽  
Support Phase

Functional electrical stimulation (FES) facilitates ambulatory function after paralysis by activating the muscles of the lower extremities. The FES-assisted stepping can either be triggered by a heel-swich, or by an electromyogram-(EMG-) based gait event detector. A group of six chronic (>6 months poststroke) hemiplegic stroke survivors underwent transcutaneous FES-assisted training for 1 hour on stepping task with EMG biofeedback from paretic tibialis anterior (TA) and medial gastrocnemius (GM) muscles, where the stimulation of the paretic TA or GM was triggered with surface EMG from the same muscle. During the baseline, postintervention, and 2-day-postintervention assessments, a total of 5 minutes of surface EMG was recorded from paretic GM and TA muscles during volitional treadmill walking. Two-way ANOVA showed significant effects in terms of P values for the 6 stroke subjects, 0.002, the 3 assessments, 0, and the interaction between subjects and assessments, 6.21E-19. The study showed a significant improvement from baseline in paretic GM and TA muscles coordination during volitional treadmill walking. Moreover, it was found that the EMG-triggered FES-assisted therapy for stand-to-walk transition helped in convergence of the deviation in centroidal angular momentum from the normative value to a quasi-steady state during the double-support phase of the nonparetic. Also, the observational gait analysis showed improvement in ankle plantarflexion during late stance, knee flexion, and ground clearance of the foot during swing phase of the gait.

scholarly journals Dynamics of corticospinal motor control during overground and treadmill walking in humans

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luisa Roeder ◽  
Tjeerd W Boonstra ◽  
Simon S Smith ◽  
Graham K Kerr
Keyword(s):  
Treadmill Walking ◽  
Human Gait ◽  
Time Lags ◽  
Evoked Responses ◽  
Double Support ◽  
Time Frequency ◽  
Gamma Frequencies ◽  
Alpha Beta ◽  
Support Phase ◽  
Double Support Phase

AbstractIncreasing evidence suggests cortical involvement in the control of human gait. However, the nature of corticospinal interactions remains poorly understood. We performed time-frequency analysis of electrophysiological activity acquired during treadmill and overground walking in 22 healthy, young adults. Participants walked at their preferred speed (4.2, SD 0.4 km h−1), which was matched across both gait conditions. Event-related power, corticomuscular coherence (CMC) and inter-trial coherence (ITC) were assessed for EEG from bilateral sensorimotor cortices and EMG from the bilateral tibialis anterior (TA) muscles. Cortical power, CMC and ITC at theta, alpha, beta and gamma frequencies (4-45 Hz) increased during the double support phase of the gait cycle for both overground and treadmill walking. High beta (21-30 Hz) CMC and ITC of EMG was significantly increased during overground compared to treadmill walking, as well as EEG power in theta band (4-7 Hz). The phase spectra revealed positive time lags at alpha, beta and gamma frequencies, indicating that the EEG response preceded the EMG response. The parallel increases in power, CMC and ITC during double support suggest evoked responses at spinal and cortical populations rather than a modulation of ongoing corticospinal oscillatory interactions. The evoked responses are not consistent with the idea of synchronization of ongoing corticospinal oscillations, but instead suggest coordinated cortical and spinal inputs during the double support phase. Frequency-band dependent differences in power, CMC and ITC between overground and treadmill walking suggest differing neural control for the two gait modalities, emphasizing the task-dependent nature of neural processes during human walking.New & NoteworthyWe investigated cortical and spinal activity during overground and treadmill walking in healthy adults. Parallel increases in power, CMC and ITC during double support suggest evoked responses at spinal and cortical populations rather than a modulation of ongoing corticospinal oscillatory interactions. These findings identify neurophysiological mechanisms that are important for understanding cortical control of human gait in health and disease.

scholarly journals A generic sequential stimulation adapter for reducing muscle fatigue during functional electrical stimulation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gongkai Ye ◽  
Saima Ali ◽  
Austin J. Bergquist ◽  
Milos R. Popovic ◽  
Kei Masani
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Functional Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Signal Integrity ◽  
Rapid Onset ◽  
Pulse Frequency ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Excellent Preservation ◽  
Electrical Stimulator ◽  
Pulse Characteristics

AbstractBackgroundClinical applications of conventional functional electrical stimulation (FES) administered via a single electrode is limited by rapid onset neuromuscular fatigue. “Sequential” (SEQ) stimulation, involving rotation of pulses between multiple active electrodes, has been shown to reduce fatigue compared to conventional FES. However, there has been limited adoption of SEQ in research and clinical settings.MethodsThe SEQ adapter is a small, battery-powered device that transforms the output of any commercially available electrical stimulator into SEQ stimulation. We examined the output of the adaptor across a range of clinically relevant stimulation pulse parameters to verify the signal integrity preservation ability of the SEQ adapter. Pulse frequency, amplitude, and duration were varied across discrete states between 4-200 Hz, 10-100 mA, and 50-2000 μs, respectively.ResultsA total of 420 trials were conducted, with 80 stimulation pulses per trial. The SEQ adapter demonstrated excellent preservation of signal integrity, matching the pulse characteristics of the originating stimulator within 1% error. The SEQ adapter operates as expected at pulse frequencies up to 160 Hz, with a noted failure mode at 200 Hz.ConclusionThe SEQ adapter represents an effective and low-cost solution to increase the utilization of SEQ in existing rehabilitation paradigms.

scholarly journals A Generic Sequential Stimulation Adapter for Reducing Muscle Fatigue during Functional Electrical Stimulation

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (21) ◽  
pp. 7248
Author(s):  
Gongkai Ye ◽  
Saima S. Ali ◽  
Austin J. Bergquist ◽  
Milos R. Popovic ◽  
Kei Masani
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Functional Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Signal Integrity ◽  
Rapid Onset ◽  
Pulse Frequency ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Excellent Preservation ◽  
Electrical Stimulator ◽  
Pulse Characteristics

Background: Clinical applications of conventional functional electrical stimulation (FES) administered via a single electrode are limited by rapid onset neuromuscular fatigue. “Sequential” (SEQ) stimulation, involving the rotation of pulses between multiple active electrodes, has been shown to reduce fatigue compared to conventional FES. However, there has been limited adoption of SEQ in research and clinical settings. Methods: The SEQ adapter is a small, battery-powered device that transforms the output of any commercially available electrical stimulator into SEQ stimulation. We examined the output of the adaptor across a range of clinically relevant stimulation pulse parameters to verify the signal integrity preservation ability of the SEQ adapter. Pulse frequency, amplitude, and duration were varied across discrete states between 4 and 200 Hz, 10 and100 mA, and 50 and 2000 μs, respectively. Results: A total of 420 trials were conducted, with 80 stimulation pulses per trial. The SEQ adapter demonstrated excellent preservation of signal integrity, matching the pulse characteristics of the originating stimulator within 1% error. The SEQ adapter operates as expected at pulse frequencies up to 160 Hz, failing at a frequency of 200 Hz. Conclusion: The SEQ adapter represents an effective and low-cost solution to increase the utilization of SEQ in existing rehabilitation paradigms.

scholarly journals Combined effects of fast treadmill walking and functional electrical stimulation on post-stroke gait

2011 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 309-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trisha M. Kesar ◽  
Darcy S. Reisman ◽  
Ramu Perumal ◽  
Angela M. Jancosko ◽  
Jill S. Higginson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Functional Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Treadmill Walking ◽  
Combined Effects ◽  
Post Stroke

scholarly journals Multimodal Impact of Acupuncture, Exercise Therapy, And Concurrent Functional Electrical Stimulation On Osteoarthritis of the Knee: a Case Report

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-145
Author(s):  
Azadeh Hakakzadeh ◽  
Ardalan Shariat ◽  
Vahide Moradi ◽  
Lee Ingle ◽  
Roshanak Honarpishe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Knee Pain ◽  
Exercise Therapy ◽  
Functional Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Treadmill Walking ◽  
Office Worker ◽  
Medicine Physician ◽  
Patient Reported

Knee osteoarthritis (OA) causes functional limitation in weight-bearing actlVltles including walking. To investigate the multimodal impact of acupuncture, exercise therapy, and concurrent functional electrical stimulation (FES) on knee osteoarthritis. We designed a multidisciplinary treatment package including acupuncture; home based exercise therapy, and concurrent functional electrical stimulation during treadmill walking. Outcomes measurements included the numerical rating scale (NRS), the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), and the Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia (TSK). Measurements were completed at baseline and following the treatment phase which consisted of six individual sessions. A 48-year-old male, office worker presented with a history of chronic right knee. During the previous year, he was diagnosed with knee osteoarthritis after clinical physical examination by a sports medicine physician. Following our novel training intervention, the patient reported a reduction in pain intensity from 8 to 2 on the NRS, improved in all KOOS subscale scores, and improved in the TSK scale (reduction from 15 to 11). In addition, the patient reported that he was able to return to work and undertake normal activities of daily living with reduced knee pain. This case report showed that our novel multimodal intervention including six sessions of acupuncture, exercise therapy, and treadmill walking with functional electrical stimulation (FES) had a positive impact on knee pain and function in a middle-aged male with knee osteoarthritis.

scholarly journals Dynamics of corticospinal motor control during overground and treadmill walking in humans

2018 ◽  
Vol 120 (3) ◽  
pp. 1017-1031 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luisa Roeder ◽  
Tjeerd W. Boonstra ◽  
Simon S. Smith ◽  
Graham K. Kerr
Keyword(s):  
Treadmill Walking ◽  
Human Gait ◽  
Time Lags ◽  
Evoked Responses ◽  
Double Support ◽  
Corticomuscular Coherence ◽  
Gamma Frequencies ◽  
Alpha Beta ◽  
Support Phase ◽  
Double Support Phase

Increasing evidence suggests cortical involvement in the control of human gait. However, the nature of corticospinal interactions remains poorly understood. We performed time-frequency analysis of electrophysiological activity acquired during treadmill and overground walking in 22 healthy, young adults. Participants walked at their preferred speed (4.2, SD 0.4 km/h), which was matched across both gait conditions. Event-related power, corticomuscular coherence (CMC), and intertrial coherence (ITC) were assessed for EEG from bilateral sensorimotor cortices and EMG from the bilateral tibialis anterior (TA) muscles. Cortical power, CMC, and ITC at theta, alpha, beta, and gamma frequencies (4–45 Hz) increased during the double support phase of the gait cycle for both overground and treadmill walking. High beta (21–30 Hz) CMC and ITC of EMG was significantly increased during overground compared with treadmill walking, as well as EEG power in theta band (4–7 Hz). The phase spectra revealed positive time lags at alpha, beta, and gamma frequencies, indicating that the EEG response preceded the EMG response. The parallel increases in power, CMC, and ITC during double support suggest evoked responses at spinal and cortical populations rather than a modulation of ongoing corticospinal oscillatory interactions. The evoked responses are not consistent with the idea of synchronization of ongoing corticospinal oscillations but instead suggest coordinated cortical and spinal inputs during the double support phase. Frequency-band dependent differences in power, CMC, and ITC between overground and treadmill walking suggest differing neural control for the two gait modalities, emphasizing the task-dependent nature of neural processes during human walking. NEW & NOTEWORTHY We investigated cortical and spinal activity during overground and treadmill walking in healthy adults. Parallel increases in power, corticomuscular coherence, and intertrial coherence during double support suggest evoked responses at spinal and cortical populations rather than a modulation of ongoing corticospinal oscillatory interactions. These findings identify neurophysiological mechanisms that are important for understanding cortical control of human gait in health and disease.

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