The Social Determinants of Health in Military Forces of Iran: A Qualitative Study

Providing effective health interventions and achieving equity in health need to apply the community-based approaches such as social determinants of health. In the military organizations, these determinants have received less attention from the military health researchers and policymakers. Therefore, this study aimed to identify and explain the social determinants affecting the health of military forces in Iran. This was a qualitative study which was conducted in 2014. The required data were collected through semistructured interviews and analyzed through Conventional Content Analysis. The studied sample consisted of 22 military health experts, policymakers, and senior managers selected using purposeful sampling method with maximum variation sampling. MAXQDA.2007 was used to analyze the collected data. After analyzing the collected data, two main contents, that is, “general social determinants of health” and “military social determinants of health,” with 22 themes and 90 subthemes were identified as the social determinants of military forces’ health. Main themes were religious rule, spirituality promotion policies, international military factors, military command, and so forth. Given the role and importance of social factors determining the military forces’ health, it can be recommended that the military organizations should pay more attention to these determinants in making policies and creating social, economic, and cultural structures for their forces.

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Social factors determining maternal and neonatal mortality in South Africa: A qualitative study

Curationis ◽

10.4102/curationis.v39i1.1571 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 39 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Rose M.M. Mmusi-Phetoe

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Qualitative Study ◽

Maternal Mortality ◽

Social Determinants Of Health ◽

Neonatal Mortality ◽

Social Determinants ◽

Determinants Of Health ◽

World Health ◽

Live Births ◽

The Social

Background: South Africa’s maternal mortality ratio has increased from 150/100 000 in 1990 to 269/100 000 live births in 2015 against the Millennium Development Goals 5 (MDG5) target of 38/100 000, indicating slow progress in improving maternal health. The neonatal mortality rate was 14/1000 live births against the MDG4 target of 7/1000. The purpose of the article was to outline the socio-economic factors that determine maternal and neonatal mortality in South African communities.Objectives: To identify and describe the social determinants of maternal and neonatal mortality in South Africa. Method: A qualitative study using audio-taped individual interviews was conducted. The interviews included 10 pregnant women who were purposefully recruited from the antenatal clinic attendees in a public hospital. The interviews were conducted in isiZulu and later translated into English by the researcher who is fluent in both. Data were analysed using the World Health Organization’s (WHO) Commission on Social Determinants of Health framework.Results: Findings revealed that poverty was an underlying factor to the vulnerability to illness and death of the mothers and their neonates. Other determinants were found to be the nutritional inadequacies, neglect and abuse by male partners, HIV or AIDS, inattention to reproductive health and violation of reproductive rights, and powerlessness of women and health system issues such as poor quality and incompetent health care.Conclusion: It is apparent that poverty plays a major role in determining the health of mothers and neonates. This requires more coordinated multi-sectorial interventions to address both the social determinants and direct causes of maternal and neonatal deaths.Keywords: maternal mortality, neonatal mortality, social determinants of health

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Exploring civil society leadership to advance action on the social determinants of health

PsycEXTRA Dataset ◽

10.1037/e515722013-001 ◽

2008 ◽

Author(s):

Susan McCunn

Keyword(s):

Civil Society ◽

Social Determinants Of Health ◽

Social Determinants ◽

Determinants Of Health ◽

The Social

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Uncovering the social determinants of health

PsycEXTRA Dataset ◽

10.1037/e673532010-001 ◽

2010 ◽

Author(s):

Lydia Buki

Keyword(s):

Social Determinants Of Health ◽

Social Determinants ◽

Determinants Of Health ◽

The Social

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Addressing the Social Determinants of Health

Southern California Quarterly ◽

10.1525/scq.2019.101.4.357 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 101 (4) ◽

pp. 357-395 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Saty Satya-Murti ◽

Jennifer Gutierrez

Keyword(s):

Twentieth Century ◽

Los Angeles ◽

Social Determinants Of Health ◽

Social Determinants ◽

Social Activism ◽

Determinants Of Health ◽

Medical Attention ◽

Community Center ◽

Early Twentieth Century ◽

The Social

The Los Angeles Plaza Community Center (PCC), an early twentieth-century Los Angeles community center and clinic, published El Mexicano, a quarterly newsletter, from 1913 to 1925. The newsletter’s reports reveal how the PCC combined walk-in medical visits with broader efforts to address the overall wellness of its attendees. Available records, some with occasional clinical details, reveal the general spectrum of illnesses treated over a twelve-year span. Placed in today’s context, the medical care given at this center was simple and minimal. The social support it provided, however, was multifaceted. The center’s caring extended beyond providing medical attention to helping with education, nutrition, employment, transportation, and moral support. Thus, the social determinants of health (SDH), a prominent concern of present-day public health, was a concept already realized and practiced by these early twentieth-century Los Angeles Plaza community leaders. Such practices, although not yet nominally identified as SDH, had their beginnings in the late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century social activism movement aiming to mitigate the social ills and inequities of emerging industrial nations. The PCC was one of the pioneers in this effort. Its concerns and successes in this area were sophisticated enough to be comparable to our current intentions and aspirations.

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Health Disparities and the Social Determinants of Health: Ethical and Social Justice Issues

The Oxford Handbook of Public Health Ethics ◽

10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190245191.013.24 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 265-276

Author(s):

Sridhar Venkatapuram

Keyword(s):

Health Disparities ◽

Social Determinants Of Health ◽

Social Determinants ◽

Global Justice ◽

Social Epidemiology ◽

Social Groups ◽

Determinants Of Health ◽

Housing Conditions ◽

Early Infant ◽

The Social

The term health disparities (also called health inequalities) refers to the differences in health outcomes and related events across individuals and social groups. Social determinants of health, meanwhile, refers to certain types of causes of ill health in individuals, including lack of early infant care and stimulation, lack of safe and secure employment, poor housing conditions, discrimination, lack of self-respect, poor personal relationships, low community cohesion, and income inequality. These social determinants stand in contrast to others, such as individual biology, behaviors, and proximate exposures to harmful agents. This chapter presents some of the revolutionary findings of social epidemiology and the science of social determinants of health, and shows how health disparities and social determinants raise profound questions in public health ethics and social/global justice philosophy.

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