Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) are part of the microbiota of human skin and
rarely linked with soft tissue infections. In recent years, CoNS species considered as one of the major
nosocomial pathogens and can cause several infections such as catheter-acquired sepsis, skin infection,
urinary tract infection, endophthalmitis, central nervous system shunt infection, surgical site infections,
and foreign body infection. These microorganisms have a significant impact on human life and health
and, as typical opportunists, cause peritonitis in individuals undergoing peritoneal dialysis. Moreover,
it is revealed that these potential pathogens are mainly related to the use of indwelling or implanted in
a foreign body and cause infective endocarditis (both native valve endocarditis and prosthetic valve
endocarditis) in patients. In general, approximately eight percent of all cases of native valve endocarditis
is associated with CoNS species, and these organisms cause death in 25% of all native valve endocarditis
cases. Moreover, it is revealed that methicillin-resistant CoNS species cause 60 % of all prosthetic
valve endocarditis cases. In this review, we describe the role of the CoNS species in infective
endocarditis, and we explicated the reported cases of CoNS infective endocarditis in the literature from
2000 to 2020 to determine the role of CoNS in the process of infective endocarditis.
Actinomyces naeslundii: An Uncommon Cause of Endocarditis
