scholarly journals Arterial Stiffness in Nonhypertensive Type 2 Diabetes Patients in Ghana

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kwame Yeboah ◽  
Daniel A. Antwi ◽  
Ben Gyan
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
Diabetes Status ◽  
Diabetes Patients

Background. Increased arterial stiffness is an independent cardiovascular risk factor in diabetes patients and general population. However, the contribution of diabetes to arterial stiffness is often masked by coexistent obesity and hypertension. In this study, we assessed arterial stiffness in nonhypertensive, nonobese type 2 diabetes (T2DM) patients in Ghana.Methods. In case-control design, 166 nonhypertensive, nonobese participants, comprising 96 T2DM patients and 70 nondiabetes controls, were recruited. Peripheral and central blood pressure (BP) indices were measured, and arterial stiffness was assessed as aortic pulse wave velocity (PWVao), augmentation index (AIx), cardioankle vascular index (CAVI), and heart-ankle pulse wave velocity (haPWV).Results. With similar peripheral and central BP indices, T2DM patients had higher PWVao (8.3 ± 1versus7.8 ± 1.3,p=0.044) and CAVI (7.9 ± 1.2versus6.9 ± 0.7,p=0.021) than nondiabetic control. AIx and haPWV were similar between T2DM and nondiabetic controls. Multiple regression models showed that, in the entire study participants, the major determinants of PWVao were diabetes status, age, gender, systolic BP, and previous smoking status (β= 0.22, 0.36, 0.48, 0.21, and 0.25, resp.; allp<0.05); the determinants of CAVI were diabetes status, age, BMI, heart rate, HbA1c, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and previous smoking status (β= 0.21, 0.38, 0.2, 0.18, 0.24. 0.2, −0.19, and 0.2, resp.; allp<0.05).Conclusion. Our findings suggest that nonhypertensive, nonobese T2DM patients have increased arterial stiffness without appreciable increase in peripheral and central pressure indices.

scholarly journals Correlation between sclerostin and Dickkopf-1 with aortic arterial stiffness in patients with type 2 diabetes: A prospective, cross-sectional study

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsin-Yu Yang ◽  
Du-An Wu ◽  
Ming-Chun Chen ◽  
Bang-Gee Hsu
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Aortic Stiffness ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Dickkopf 1

Background: Sclerostin and Dickkopf-1 are extracellular inhibitors of the canonical Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway, which is implicated in the development of arterial stiffness. However, the correlation between aortic stiffness and sclerostin or Dickkopf-1 levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus is unknown. Methods: Fasting blood samples were collected from 125 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Aortic stiffness was measured by carotid–femoral pulse wave velocity, and high aortic stiffness was defined by a carotid–femoral pulse wave velocity of >10 m/s. The serum sclerostin and Dickkopf-1 concentrations were determined using commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Results: In total, 46 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (36.8%) had high levels of aortic stiffness. Compared to the control group without aortic stiffness, this group was significantly older, had higher systolic and diastolic blood pressures, had higher blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio and serum sclerostin levels, and had significantly lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and estimated glomerular filtration rates. After adjusting for confounders, serum sclerostin [odds ratio = 1.005 (1.002–1.007), p = 0.002] levels remained an independent predictor of aortic stiffness. Multivariate analysis showed that the serum sclerostin level ( β = 0.374, adjusted R2 change = 0.221, p < 0.001) was positively associated with carotid–femoral pulse wave velocity. Conclusion: Serum levels of sclerostin, but not Dickkopf-1, are positively correlated with carotid–femoral pulse wave velocity and independently predict aortic stiffness in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals Association of the Amount and Pattern of Physical Activity With Arterial Stiffness: The Maastricht Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 790-790
Author(s):  
Evelien Vandercappellen ◽  
Ronald Henry ◽  
Coen Stehouwer ◽  
Annemarie Koster
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Intensity Physical Activity ◽  
Activity Groups

Abstract We examined the associations of the amount and the pattern of higher intensity physical activity with arterial stiffness. Data from The Maastricht Study (n=1699; mean age: 60±8 years, 49.4% women, 26.9% type 2 diabetes (T2DM)) were used. Arterial stiffness was assessed by carotid-to-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV). The amount (hours/day) and pattern of higher intensity physical activity were assessed with the activPAL3®. Activity groups were: inactive (&lt;75min/week), insufficiently active (75-150min/week), weekend warrior (&gt;150min/week in ≤2 sessions), and regularly active (&gt;150min/week in ≥3 sessions). After full adjustment, higher intensity physical activity was associated with lower cfPWV (amount: -0.35[-0.65;-0.05], insufficiently active: -0.33[-0.55;-0.11]; weekend warrior: -0.38[-0.64;-0.12] and regularly active: -0.46[-0.71;-0.21] (reference: inactive)). These associations were stronger in those with T2DM. Participating in higher intensity physical activity was associated with lower cfPWV, regardless of the weekly pattern, and may be an important strategy to reduce CVD risk, particularly in T2DM.

scholarly journals Association of the Amount and Pattern of Physical Activity With Arterial Stiffness: The Maastricht Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (20) ◽  
Author(s):  
Evelien J. Vandercappellen ◽  
Ronald M.A. Henry ◽  
Hans H.C.M. Savelberg ◽  
Julianne D. van der Berg ◽  
Koen D. Reesink ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Intensity Physical Activity

Background Arterial stiffness is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease and can be beneficially influenced by physical activity. However, it is not clear how an individual’s physical activity pattern over a week is associated with arterial stiffness. Therefore, we examined the associations of the amount and pattern of higher intensity physical activity with arterial stiffness. Methods and Results Data from the Maastricht Study (n=1699; mean age: 60±8 years, 49.4% women, 26.9% type 2 diabetes mellitus) were used. Arterial stiffness was assessed by carotid‐to‐femoral pulse wave velocity and carotid distensibility. The amount (continuous variable as h/wk) and pattern (categorical variable) of higher intensity physical activity were assessed with the activPAL3. Activity groups were: inactive (<75 min/wk), insufficiently active (75–150 min/wk), weekend warrior (>150 min/wk in ≤2 sessions), and regularly active (>150 min/wk in ≥3 sessions). In the fully adjusted model (adjusted for demographic, lifestyle, and cardiovascular risk factors), higher intensity physical activity was associated with lower carotid‐to‐femoral pulse wave velocity (amount: β = −0.05, 95% CI, −0.09 to −0.01; insufficiently active: β = −0.33, 95% CI, −0.55 to −0.11; weekend warrior: β = −0.38, 95% CI, −0.64 to −0.12; and regularly active: β = −0.46, 95% CI, −0.71 to −0.21 [reference: inactive]). These associations were stronger in those with type 2 diabetes mellitus. There was no statistically significant association between higher intensity physical activity with carotid distensibility. Conclusions Participating in higher intensity physical activity was associated with lower carotid‐to‐femoral pulse wave velocity, but there was no difference between the regularly actives and the weekend warriors. From the perspective of arterial stiffness, engaging higher intensity physical activity, regardless of the weekly pattern, may be an important strategy to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease, particularly in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

High pulse wave velocity is associated with the severity of diabetic retinopathy in patients with type 2 diabetes

2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 1159-1165
Author(s):  
Sung-Chen Liu ◽  
Shih-Ming Chuang ◽  
Hong-Mou Shih ◽  
Chao-Hung Wang ◽  
Ming-Chieh Tsai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Univariate Analysis

Pulse wave velocity (PWV) is a non-invasive test for assessing arterial stiffness, and brachial-ankle PWV has been used as an index of peripheral arterial stiffness. This study aimed to investigate the association between the PWV value and severity of diabetic retinopathy (DR). 846 patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) consecutively underwent brachial-ankle PWV, and the degree of PWV was defined by tertile. The severity of DR was categorized as no diabetic retinopathy (NDR), non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) or proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) based on the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study Scale. Multinomial logistic regression analyses were utilized not only to explore the association between the degree of PWV and severity of DR but also to examine the association of a high-tertile PWV with PDR. PWV levels, diabetes duration and blood pressure were all significantly higher in subjects with NPDR or PDR as compared with individuals with NDR. In the univariate analysis, the highest tertile of PWV (>19.6 m/s) was significantly associated with both NPDR (p<0.001) and PDR (p<0.001) as compared with NDR. After adjusting for confounding factors, the highest tertile of PWV remained significantly associated with PDR (p=0.005), but not with NPDR (p=0.107). Furthermore, the highest tertile of PWV was more significantly associated with PDR (OR=6.15, 95%CI 1.38 to 27.38) as compared with the lowest tertile. In our study, an increasing degree of PWV was positively associated with the severity of DR. High PWV was strongly associated with the risk of severe DR, especially PDR.

scholarly journals POS0217 PULSE WAVE VELOCITY ELEVATION ABOVE INDIVIDUAL REFERENCE VALUES AND AORTIC-BRACHIAL STIFFNESS MISMATCH AS EARLY MARKERS OF ARTERIAL STIFFNESS INCREASE IN PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 326.1-326
Author(s):  
E. Troitskaya ◽  
S. Velmakin ◽  
R. Osipyants ◽  
A. Arbuzova ◽  
V. R. Espinoza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Reference Values ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
History Of

Background:Arterial stiffness (AS) is a known predictor of cardiovascular (CV) disease. The measurement of pulse wave velocity (PWV) is considered to be a gold standard of AS assessment but the recommended threshold of 10 m/s1 may not take into account multiple factors influencing PWV. Use of the proposed individual reference values may help to identify patients with AS increase despite PWV level below this threshold2. The impact of AS on CV outcomes may be mediated by the reversal of the aortic-brachial stiffness (AS gradient)3. One small study in patients with type 2 diabetes has shown that the aortic-brachial stiffness mismatch (hereafter AS mismatch) was an earlier marker of AS than PWV elevation4. Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have high CV risk and may benefit from early detection of AS increase. Both approaches have not been studied in RA previouslyObjectives:To evaluate the incidence of PWV elevation above individual reference values and the frequency of AS mismatch in RAMethods:Study group included 85 patients (pts) with RA (females 77.6%, aged 59.7±14.3 years, HTN 65%, mean DAS-28(CRP) 3.7±1.1) and control group (40 pts matched by gender, age and risk factors). Parameters of AS were measured by applanation tonometry. Individual PWV reference values were assessed2. The AS gradient was calculated as carotid-femoral (cf)PWV/carotid-radial (cr)PWV ratio and its elevation ≥1 was considered as AS mismatch. р<0,05 was considered significantResults:In pts with RA with and without history of HTN mean cfPWV was 10.3±3.1 and 7.3±1.5 m/s, respectively, mean AS gradient – 1.4±0.4 and 1.1±0.1 (p<0.001 for trend); in controls – 9.6±1.9 and 6.7±1.4 m/s and 1.3±0.3 and 0.99±0.2, respectively (p<0.001 for trend). cfPWV elevation ≥10 m/s was observed in 34.1% pts with RA and 32.5% of controls: 6.7 and 6.3% of normotensives and 49.1 and 50% of hypertensives, respectively (p>0.05). cfPWV elevation above individual reference values was observed in 41.2% RA pts and 27.5% of controls (p=0.03): in 40% and 6.3% of normotensives (p=0.02) and 41.8% and 41.7% of hypertensives, respectively. After adjustment by age, gender and systolic BP cfPWV elevation above individual reference values in normotensive RA pts was independently associated with BMI (beta=0.39, р=0.02) and dyslipidemia (beta=0.48, р=0.01). The frequency of AS mismatch in RA was significantly higher compared to the controls in both normotensive and hypertensive subgroups: 76.7% vs 43.8% (p=0.03) and 94.5% vs 79.2% (p=0.04), respectively. The same trend was observed in a subgroup with normal cfPWV: AS mismatch was present in RA and controls in 82.1% vs 51.9% (p=0.004) in pts with PWV ≤ 10 m/s and in 82% and 51.7% (p=0.04), respectively in pts with PWV below individual reference values.Conclusion:Patients with RA are characterized by higher frequency of cfPWV elevation above individual reference values compared to controls irrespectively of history of HTN. This method may be more appropriate for AS evaluation than use of standard criteria in this population. AS mismatch in RA pts is highly prevalent and may be considered as an earlier marker of AS than cfPWV elevation. These findings may be used for early detection of vascular ageing in patients with RA.References:[1]Williams B, et al. 2018 ESC/ESH Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension. J Hypertens 2018;36(10):1953-2041[2]Reference Values for Arterial Stiffness’ Collaboration. Determinants of pulse wave velocity in healthy people and in the presence of cardiovascular risk factors: ‘establishing normal and reference values’. Eur Heart J. 2010;31(19):2338-50[3]Yu S, et al. Central Versus Peripheral Artery Stiffening and Cardiovascular Risk. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2020;40(5):1028-1033[4]Troitskaya, E., et al. Aortic-brachial stiffness mismatch in patients with arterial hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus, J Hypertens 2018;36:e191Disclosure of Interests:None declared

Determinants of 1-Year Changes of Brachial Ankle Pulse Wave Velocity (baPWV) in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2008 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyung Won Yun ◽  
Bo Hyun Kim ◽  
Young Pil Bae ◽  
Byeong Do Yi ◽  
Seung Woo Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Pulse Wave
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