scholarly journals Herbal Medicines for Asthmatic Inflammation: From Basic Researches to Clinical Applications

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang Liu ◽  
Nan-Xia Xuan ◽  
Song-Min Ying ◽  
Wen Li ◽  
Zhi-Hua Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Asthma Control ◽  
Airway Remodeling ◽  
Airflow Obstruction ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Allergic Airway Inflammation ◽  
Inhaled Corticosteroid ◽  
Mechanistic Studies ◽  
Alternative Medicines ◽  
Long Acting ◽  
Reversible Airflow Obstruction

Asthma is one of the most common chronic inflammatory disorders, associated with reversible airflow obstruction, airway hyperresponsiveness, and airway remodeling. This disease has a significant impact on individuals, their families, and society. Standardized therapeutics such as inhaled corticosteroid in combination with long actingβ2 agonist have been applied for asthma control; however, complementary and alternative medicines, especially herbal medicines, are still widely used all over the world. A growing body of literature suggests that various herbals or related products might be effective in inhibiting asthmatic inflammation. In this review, we summarize recent advances about the mechanistic studies of herbal medicines on allergic airway inflammation in animal models and their potential application into clinic for asthma control.

scholarly journals IGF1R as a Potential Pharmacological Target in Allergic Asthma

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 912
Author(s):  
Elvira Alfaro-Arnedo ◽  
Icíar P. López ◽  
Sergio Piñeiro-Hermida ◽  
Álvaro C. Ucero ◽  
Francisco J. González-Barcala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Asthma ◽  
Kinase Inhibitor ◽  
Airway Remodeling ◽  
Airflow Obstruction ◽  
Allergic Inflammation ◽  
Allergic Airway Inflammation ◽  
Dust Mite ◽  
Pharmacological Target ◽  
Igf1r Signaling ◽  
Reversible Airflow Obstruction

Background: Asthma is a chronic lung disease characterized by reversible airflow obstruction, airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), mucus overproduction and inflammation. Although Insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) was found to be involved in asthma, its pharmacological inhibition has not previously been investigated in this pathology. We aimed to determine if therapeutic targeting of IGF1R ameliorates allergic airway inflammation in a murine model of asthma. Methods: C57BL/6J mice were challenged by house dust mite (HDM) extract or PBS for four weeks and therapeutically treated with the IGF1R tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) NVP-ADW742 (NVP) once allergic phenotype was established. Results: Lungs of HDM-challenged mice exhibited a significant increase in phospho-IGF1R levels, incremented AHR, airway remodeling, eosinophilia and allergic inflammation, as well as altered pulmonary surfactant expression, all of being these parameters counteracted by NVP treatment. HDM-challenged lungs also displayed augmented expression of the IGF1R signaling mediator p-ERK1/2, which was greatly reduced upon treatment with NVP. Conclusions: Our results demonstrate that IGF1R could be considered a potential pharmacological target in murine HDM-induced asthma and a candidate biomarker in allergic asthma.

scholarly journals Extracellular Vesicles and Asthma—More Than Just a Co-Existence

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 4984
Author(s):  
Bilal Alashkar Alhamwe ◽  
Daniel P. Potaczek ◽  
Sarah Miethe ◽  
Fahd Alhamdan ◽  
Lukas Hintz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Airway Remodeling ◽  
Airflow Obstruction ◽  
Cell Communication ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Inflammatory Disorder ◽  
Diagnostic Potential ◽  
Functional Relevance ◽  
Reversible Airflow Obstruction

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membranous structures, which are secreted by almost every cell type analyzed so far. In addition to their importance for cell-cell communication under physiological conditions, EVs are also released during pathogenesis and mechanistically contribute to this process. Here we summarize their functional relevance in asthma, one of the most common chronic non-communicable diseases. Asthma is a complex persistent inflammatory disorder of the airways characterized by reversible airflow obstruction and, from a long-term perspective, airway remodeling. Overall, mechanistic studies summarized here indicate the importance of different subtypes of EVs and their variable cargoes in the functioning of the pathways underlying asthma, and show some interesting potential for the development of future therapeutic interventions. Association studies in turn demonstrate a good diagnostic potential of EVs in asthma.

Airway Remodeling and Inflammation in Symptomatic Infants with Reversible Airflow Obstruction

2005 ◽  
Vol 171 (7) ◽  
pp. 722-727 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sejal Saglani ◽  
Kristiina Malmström ◽  
Anna S. Pelkonen ◽  
L. Pekka Malmberg ◽  
Harry Lindahl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Airway Remodeling ◽  
Airflow Obstruction ◽  
Reversible Airflow Obstruction

scholarly journals Mechanisms of Remodeling in Asthmatic Airways

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Shifren ◽  
Chad Witt ◽  
Chandrika Christie ◽  
Mario Castro
Keyword(s):  
Airway Hyperresponsiveness ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Airway Remodeling ◽  
Airflow Obstruction ◽  
Asthma Treatment ◽  
Airway Wall ◽  
Lung Function Decline ◽  
Airway Wall Thickness ◽  
Asthma Patients ◽  
Reversible Airflow Obstruction

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory airway disorder characterized by airway hyperresponsiveness and reversible airflow obstruction. Subgroups of asthma patients develop airflow obstruction that is irreversible or only partially reversible and experience an accelerated rate of lung function decline. The structural changes in the airways of these patients are referred to as airway remodeling. All elements of the airway wall are involved, and remodeled airway wall thickness is substantially increased compared to normal control airways. Airway remodeling is thought to contribute to the subphenotypes of irreversible airflow obstruction and airway hyperresponsiveness, and it has been associated with increased disease severity. Reversal of remodeling is therefore of paramount therapeutic importance, and mechanisms responsible for airway remodeling are feasible therapeutic targets for asthma treatment. This paper will focus on our current understanding of the mechanisms of airway remodeling in asthma and potential targets for future intervention.

scholarly journals Herbal Remedies and Their Possible Effect on the GABAergic System and Sleep

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 530
Author(s):  
Oliviero Bruni ◽  
Luigi Ferini-Strambi ◽  
Elena Giacomoni ◽  
Paolo Pellegrino
Keyword(s):  
Gaba Receptors ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Herbal Remedies ◽  
Gamma Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Inhibitory Neurotransmitter ◽  
Alternative Medicines ◽  
Molecular Components ◽  
The Brain

Sleep is an essential component of physical and emotional well-being, and lack, or disruption, of sleep due to insomnia is a highly prevalent problem. The interest in complementary and alternative medicines for treating or preventing insomnia has increased recently. Centuries-old herbal treatments, popular for their safety and effectiveness, include valerian, passionflower, lemon balm, lavender, and Californian poppy. These herbal medicines have been shown to reduce sleep latency and increase subjective and objective measures of sleep quality. Research into their molecular components revealed that their sedative and sleep-promoting properties rely on interactions with various neurotransmitter systems in the brain. Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is an inhibitory neurotransmitter that plays a major role in controlling different vigilance states. GABA receptors are the targets of many pharmacological treatments for insomnia, such as benzodiazepines. Here, we perform a systematic analysis of studies assessing the mechanisms of action of various herbal medicines on different subtypes of GABA receptors in the context of sleep control. Currently available evidence suggests that herbal extracts may exert some of their hypnotic and anxiolytic activity through interacting with GABA receptors and modulating GABAergic signaling in the brain, but their mechanism of action in the treatment of insomnia is not completely understood.

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