scholarly journals The Variation Characteristics of Asian Surface Temperature and Precipitation in the Early 21st Century

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuo Wang ◽  
Guolin Feng ◽  
Tianshu Ye ◽  
Xujia Wang ◽  
Peipei Liu
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Arctic Oscillation ◽  
Asian Continent ◽  
Early 21St Century ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Cold Stage ◽  
Variation Characteristics ◽  
Cold Events ◽  
The Early 21St Century

Based on the analysis of the feature of Asian continent becoming cold in the early 21st century winter under the background of global warming, the Asian Warming Hole (AWH) index is proposed in this paper to measure the intensity during the cold events process. Result shows that the Asian continent is indeed experiencing a cold stage in the early 21st century winter, but it is just in a cold phase and will become warmer in the future. In recent years the activity of the winter cold events has an obvious quasi-four-year cycle, which can be reflected by atmospheric circulation, and AO (Arctic Oscillation) may play a very important role. It is credible that Asian surface temperature will be higher in the coming 3-4 years compared with 2011 winter, signifying that the precipitation may increase correspondingly.

scholarly journals Changes in the Dynamics of the Northern Hemisphere Atmospheric Circulation and the Relationship to Surface Temperature in the 20th and 21st Centuries

Atmosphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina K. Kononova ◽  
Anthony R. Lupo
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Atmospheric Circulation ◽  
Northern Hemisphere ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Circulation Type ◽  
Early 21St Century ◽  
Circulation Patterns ◽  
Global Atmospheric Circulation ◽  
The Early 21St Century

This study examines the long-term fluctuations in the Northern Hemisphere (NH) and global atmospheric circulation, teleconnections, including blocking, and surface temperature over the period 1899–2018. The teleconnection and blocking data were available from the mid-20th century. The classification of the global atmospheric circulation was developed from an early subjective categorization of atmospheric circulation conditions for the NH that considered the number, location, and amplitude of waves on the jet stream for frequently occurring circulation patterns. This work updated earlier studies that identified three circulation epochs based on the predominance of one of four different flow types that were grouped primarily based on whether the flow was zonal or meridional. This work noted a significant correlation between the early 21st century flow change toward the occurrence of more meridional flows and the increase in the occurrence of blocking as well as changes in the teleconnection indexes. The early 21st century was associated with a distinct change in the Northern Hemisphere flow entropy as measured using Information or Shannon Entropy, a change that was shown to be statistically significant. Additionally, this demonstrated that this quantity has utility as a dynamic diagnostic tool in atmospheric science. Finally, a comparison of these flow regimes to the 20th and 21st century variations in surface temperature were considered here. The global average annual surface temperature variations correlated strongly to fluctuations in the predominant atmospheric circulation type.

scholarly journals Climate Change In The Argentinean Wheat Region: Temperature And Precipitation At Two Contrasting Sites

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvana Marisol Luján Basile ◽  
Jorge Alberto Tognetti ◽  
Marcelo Luciano Gandini ◽  
William John Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Extreme Values ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Extreme Temperature ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Early 21St Century ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Precipitation Regimes ◽  
The Early 21St Century

Abstract Global climate change is shifting temperature and precipitation regimes, which is modifying the environments that define wheat yield and quality. The current work characterises the changes that have occurred in the thermal and hydric environment in two contrasting sites of the wheat growing region of Argentina, allowing comparison between sites for these changes and for how the changes are accelerating. Temperature and precipitation variables were analysed by regression and trend testing (Mann Kendall), and future projections were made based upon significant relationships. The two sites compared were in the zones around the cities of Azul in the Province of Buenos Aires and Marcos Juárez in the Province of Córdoba, located approximately 500 km apart. The climate data analysed covered the period 1931–2014 for Azul and 1952–2014 for Marcos Juárez. At both sites, temperatures increased significantly in mean and extreme values over these periods, where the rate of change accelerated during the first years of the 21st century. The changes observed were in general more pronounced in Marcos Juárez than in Azul. Furthermore, in Marcos Juárez, mean precipitation increased from September to December and there was a higher frequency of extremes of precipitation greater than 100 mm in September and October during the early 21st century. Evidence was found for temperature rise and the occurrence of extreme temperature and precipitation events occurring differently between sites, as well as for its acceleration rate in the early 21st century. The projected future changes made implied that wheat yield is expected to suffer losses over the coming century.

Outlining a grammaticalization path for the Spanish formula en plan (de): A contribution to crosslinguistic pragmatics

Linguistics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (6) ◽  
pp. 1543-1579
Author(s):  
Paula Rodríguez-Abruñeiras
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Discourse Markers ◽  
Contrastive Analysis ◽  
Discourse Marker ◽  
Early 21St Century ◽  
Diachronic Study ◽  
Diachronic Development ◽  
The Early 21St Century

AbstractThis article discusses the diachronic development of the Spanish multifunctional formula en plan (with its variant en plan de, literally ‘in plan (of)’ but usually equivalent to English like). The article has two main aims: firstly, to describe the changes that the formula has undergone since its earliest occurrences as a marker in the nineteenth century up to the early 21st century. The diachronic study evinces a process of grammaticalization in three steps: from noun to clause adverbial and then to discourse marker. Secondly, to conduct a contrastive analysis between en plan (de) and the English markers like and kind of/kinda so as to shed new light on the potential existence of a universal pathway of grammaticalization in the emergence of discourse markers.

Survival of cervical cancer patients in Germany in the early 21st century: A period analysis by age, histology, and stage

2012 ◽  
Vol 51 (7) ◽  
pp. 915-921 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianhui Chen ◽  
Lina Jansen ◽  
Adam Gondos ◽  
Katharina Emrich ◽  
Bernd Holleczek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Period Analysis ◽  
Early 21St Century ◽  
The Early 21St Century
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