Dual Epidemics of Club Drug Use and Sexually Transmitted Infections among Chinese Female Sex Workers: New Challenges to STI Prevention

Objectives. To evaluate club drug use and its potential association with STI among female sex workers (FSWs) in China. Methods. From November 2008 to January 2009, participants were recruited at sex work venues in five cities for a questionnaire survey. Free testing for syphilis, Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) was provided. Logistic regression models were used to assess factors associated with club drug use and its association with STI. Results. A total of 1604 eligible FSWs were included. The overall prevalence of any STI infection and club drug use in the past 12 months was 22.6% and 7.4%, respectively. STI prevalence was significantly higher among club drug users (33.1%) than among nonusers (21.7%, P<0.05). Multivariable logistic regression found that club drug use was associated with younger age (AOR 2.4, 95% CI 1.0, 6.0), higher education, having injected drugs (AOR 24.4, 95% CI 6.2, 96.8), and having had STI symptoms (AOR 2.2, 95% CI 1.4, 3.4). Conclusions. Club drug use and STI were highly prevalent among FSWs in China, especially among young FSWs. Club drug users had more risk behaviors and higher STI rates. A coordinated risk reduction framework is urgently needed to address the dual epidemic of drug use and STI.

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Lifetime and past-month substance use and injection among street-based female sex workers in Iran

Harm Reduction Journal ◽

10.1186/s12954-021-00477-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Payam Roshanfekr ◽

Mehrdad Khezri ◽

Salah Eddin Karimi ◽

Meroe Vameghi ◽

Delaram Ali ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Use ◽

Drug Use ◽

Injection Drug Use ◽

Sex Workers ◽

Female Sex Workers ◽

Injection Drug ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

Female Sex ◽

History Of ◽

Group Sex

Abstract Background Street-based female sex workers (FSWs) are highly at risk of HIV and other harms associated with sex work. We assessed the prevalence of non-injection and injection drug use and their associated factors among street-based FSWs in Iran. Methods We recruited 898 FSWs from 414 venues across 19 major cities in Iran between October 2016 and March 2017. Correlates of lifetime and past-month non-injection and injection drug use were assessed through multivariable logistic regression models. Adjusted odds ratios (AOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were reported. Results Lifetime and past-month non-injection drug use were reported by 60.3% (95% CI 51, 84) and 47.2% (95% CI 38, 67) of FSWs, respectively. The prevalence of lifetime and past-month injection drug use were 8.6% (95% CI 6.9, 10.7) and 3.7% (95% CI 2.6, 5.2), respectively. Recent non-injection drug use was associated with divorced marital status (AOR 2.00, 95% CI 1.07, 3.74), temporary marriage (AOR 4.31 [1.79, 10.40]), had > 30 clients per month (AOR 2.76 [1.29, 5.90]), ever alcohol use (AOR 3.03 [1.92, 6.79]), and history of incarceration (AOR 7.65 [3.89, 15.30]). Similarly, lifetime injection drug use was associated with ever alcohol use (AOR 2.74 [1.20–6.20]), ever incarceration (AOR 5.06 [2.48–10.28]), and ever group sex (AOR 2.44 [1.21–4.92]). Conclusions Non-injection and injection drug use are prevalent among street-based FSWs in Iran. Further prevention programs are needed to address and reduce harms associated with drug use among this vulnerable population in Iran.

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U.S. Drug Use and Migration Experiences of Mexican Female Sex Workers who are Injection Drug Users

Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved ◽

10.1353/hpu.2012.0177 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 23 (4) ◽

pp. 1733-1749 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Victoria D. Ojeda ◽

José Luis Burgos ◽

María Gudelia Rangel ◽

Remedios Lozada ◽

Alicia Vera

Keyword(s):

Drug Use ◽

Sex Workers ◽

Injection Drug Users ◽

Drug Users ◽

Female Sex Workers ◽

Injection Drug ◽

Female Sex ◽

And Migration ◽

Migration Experiences

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P20-04. Molecular characterization of HIV-1 detected among injecting drug users and female sex workers in India

Retrovirology ◽

10.1186/1742-4690-6-s3-p374 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 6 (S3) ◽

Author(s):

S Sengupta ◽

P Bhanja ◽

R Mullick ◽

R Sarkar ◽

S Chakrabarti

Keyword(s):

Molecular Characterization ◽

Sex Workers ◽

Drug Users ◽

Female Sex Workers ◽

Injecting Drug Users ◽

Female Sex ◽

Hiv 1

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HIV/AIDS among female sex workers, injecting drug users and men who have sex with men in Lebanon: results of the first biobehavioral surveys

AIDS ◽

10.1097/01.aids.0000386733.02425.98 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 24 (Suppl 2) ◽

pp. S45-S54 ◽

Cited By ~ 44

Author(s):

Ziyad Mahfoud ◽

Rema Afifi ◽

Sami Ramia ◽

Danielle El Khoury ◽

Kassem Kassak ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sex Workers ◽

Drug Users ◽

Female Sex Workers ◽

Injecting Drug Users ◽

Female Sex ◽

Sex With Men ◽

Hiv Aids

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Sexual and drug use behaviors associated with HIV and other sexually transmitted infections among female sex workers in the Mexico–US border region

Current Opinion in Psychiatry ◽

10.1097/yco.0b013e32833864d5 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 23 (3) ◽

pp. 215-220 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Monica D Ulibarri ◽

Steffanie A Strathdee ◽

Thomas L Patterson

Keyword(s):

Drug Use ◽

Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽

Sex Workers ◽

Female Sex Workers ◽

Border Region ◽

Sexually Transmitted ◽

Female Sex

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Correlates of alcohol and illicit drug use before commercial sex among transgender women with a history of sex work in China

Sexual Health ◽

10.1071/sh18194 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

pp. 45 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Qian Wang ◽

Ruijie Chang ◽

Ying Wang ◽

Xueqin Jiang ◽

Shuxian Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Substance Use ◽

Drug Use ◽

Sex Workers ◽

Female Sex Workers ◽

Illicit Drug ◽

Illicit Drug Use ◽

Commercial Sex ◽

Female Sex ◽

Alcohol And Drugs ◽

Combined Use

Background Research on substance use among transgender female sex workers in China is scarce. The aims of this study were to examine: (1) the prevalence of alcohol or illicit drug use before commercial sex among this population; and (2) correlates of alcohol and illicit drug use. Methods: Complete survey data were analysed from 397 transgender female sex workers recruited from three of the largest cities in China: Shenyang, Shanghai and Guangzhou. Information was collected about demographics, alcohol or illicit drug use, alone or in combination, and their psychosocial correlates using structured questionnaires. Multinomial logistic regression models were used to examine the association between substance use and its correlates. Results: Before commercial sex, approximately one-third of the sample reported exclusive alcohol use (28.5%), 9.3% reported exclusive drug use and 7.3% reported combined use of alcohol and drugs. Before commercial sex, participants with low self-esteem had twice the odds of using alcohol exclusively (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 2.05; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.01–4.17), those with higher levels of loneliness had almost threefold the odds of exclusive drug use (aOR 2.92; 95% CI 1.21–7.07) and those with depression (aOR 2.97; 95% CI 1.11–7.96) and unknown HIV status (aOR 3.00; 95% CI 1.02–8.87) had threefold the odds of combined use of alcohol and drugs. Conclusion: Programs aimed at reducing alcohol or drug use among transgender female sex workers in China may consider adding components that help support mental health and encouraging HIV screening.

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