scholarly journals A Computationally Efficient Finite Element Pedestrian Model for Head Safety: Development and Validation

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guibing Li ◽  
Zheng Tan ◽  
Xiaojiang Lv ◽  
Lihai Ren
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Head Injuries ◽  
Computing Time ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Vehicle Crashes ◽  
Lateral Impact ◽  
Computationally Efficient ◽  
Pedestrian Impact ◽  
Human Body Models

Head injuries are often fatal or of sufficient severity to pedestrians in vehicle crashes. Finite element (FE) simulation provides an effective approach to understand pedestrian head injury mechanisms in vehicle crashes. However, studies of pedestrian head safety considering full human body response and a broad range of impact scenarios are still scarce due to the long computing time of the current FE human body models in expensive simulations. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to develop and validate a computationally efficient FE pedestrian model for future studies of pedestrian head safety. Firstly, a FE pedestrian model with a relatively small number of elements (432,694 elements) was developed in the current study. This pedestrian model was then validated at both segment and full body levels against cadaver test data. The simulation results suggest that the responses of the knee, pelvis, thorax, and shoulder in the pedestrian model are generally within the boundaries of cadaver test corridors under lateral impact loading. The upper body (head, T1, and T8) trajectories show good agreements with the cadaver data in vehicle-to-pedestrian impact configuration. Overall, the FE pedestrian model developed in the current study could be useful as a valuable tool for a pedestrian head safety study.

DEVELOPMENT AND BIOFIDELITY EVALUATION OF AN OCCUPANT BIOMECHANICAL MODEL OF A CHINESE 50TH PERCENTILE MALE FOR SIDE IMPACT

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (07) ◽  
pp. 1740039 ◽  
Author(s):  
ZHENGWEI MA ◽  
LELE JING ◽  
FENGCHONG LAN ◽  
JINLUN WANG ◽  
JIQING CHEN
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Side Impact ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Lateral Impact ◽  
Human Body Model ◽  
Body Model

Finite element modeling has played a significant role in the study of human body biomechanical responses and injury mechanisms during vehicle impacts. However, there are very few reports on similar studies conducted in China for the Chinese population. In this study, a high-precision human body finite element model of the Chinese 50th percentile male was developed. The anatomical structures and mechanical characteristics of real human body were replicated as precise as possible. In order to analyze the model’s biofidelity in side-impact injury prediction, a global technical standard, ISO/TR 9790, was used that specifically assesses the lateral impact biofidelity of anthropomorphic test devices (ATDs) and computational models. A series of model simulations, focusing on different body parts, were carried out against the tests outlined in ISO/TR 9790. Then, the biofidelity ratings of the full human body model and different body parts were evaluated using the ISO/TR 9790 rating method. In a 0–10 rating scale, the resulting rating for the full human body model developed is 8.57, which means a good biofidelity. As to different body parts, the biofidelity ratings of the head and shoulder are excellent, while those of the neck, thorax, abdomen and pelvis are good. The resulting ratings indicate that the human body model developed in this study is capable of investigating the side-impact responses of and injuries to occupants’ different body parts. In addition, the rating of the model was compared with those of the other human body finite element models and several side-impact dummy models. This allows us to assess the robustness of our model and to identify necessary improvements.

A priori prediction of the probability of survival in vehicle crashes using anthropomorphic test devices and human body models

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 544-549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Büchner ◽  
Mirko Junge ◽  
Giacomo Marini ◽  
Franz Fürst ◽  
Sylvia Schick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Vehicle Crashes ◽  
Probability Of Survival ◽  
Human Body Models

Evaluation of finite element human body models in lateral padded pendulum impacts to the shoulder

2010 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Lanner ◽  
Peter Halldin ◽  
Johan Iraeus ◽  
Kristian Holmqvist ◽  
Krystoffer Mroz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Human Body Models

Finite Element-Based Pelvic Injury Metric Creation and Validation in Lateral Impact for a Human Body Model

2018 ◽  
Vol 140 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Caitlin M. Weaver ◽  
Alexander M. Baker ◽  
Matthew L. Davis ◽  
Anna N. Miller ◽  
Joel D. Stitzel
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Injury Risk ◽  
Curve Analysis ◽  
Pelvic Injury ◽  
Fe Model ◽  
Lateral Impact ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional

Pelvic fractures are serious injuries resulting in high mortality and morbidity. The objective of this study is to develop and validate local pelvic anatomical, cross section-based injury risk metrics for a finite element (FE) model of the human body. Cross-sectional instrumentation was implemented in the pelvic region of the Global Human Body Models Consortium (GHBMC M50-O) 50th percentile detailed male FE model (v4.3). In total, 25 lateral impact FE simulations were performed using input data from cadaveric lateral impact tests performed by Bouquet et al. The experimental force-time data were scaled using five normalization techniques, which were evaluated using log rank, Wilcoxon rank sum, and correlation and analysis (CORA) testing. Survival analyses with Weibull distribution were performed on the experimental peak force (scaled and unscaled) and the simulation test data to generate injury risk curves (IRCs) for total pelvic injury. Additionally, IRCs were developed for regional injury using cross-sectional forces from the simulation results and injuries documented in the experimental autopsies. These regional IRCs were also evaluated using the receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Based on the results of all the evaluation methods, the equal stress equal velocity (ESEV) and ESEV using effective mass (ESEV-EM) scaling techniques performed best. The simulation IRC shows slight under prediction of injury in comparison to these scaled experimental data curves. However, this difference was determined not to be statistically significant. Additionally, the ROC curve analysis showed moderate predictive power for all regional IRCs.

A study of the pedestrian impact kinematics using finite element dummy models: the corridors and dimensional analysis scaling of upper-body trajectories

2008 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 469-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Costin D. Untaroiu ◽  
Jaeho Shin ◽  
Johan Ivarsson ◽  
Jeff R. Crandall ◽  
Damien Subit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Dimensional Analysis ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Pedestrian Impact

Pelvic Injury Survival Analysis for a Finite Element Human Body Model Using Multiple Data Sets

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caitlin M. Weaver ◽  
Anna N. Miller ◽  
Joel D. Stitzel
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Pelvic Fracture ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Predictive Power ◽  
Curve Analysis ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Multiple Data Sets ◽  
Human Body Models

Finite element (FE) computational human body models (HBMs) have gained popularity over the past several decades as human surrogates for use in blunt injury research. FE HBMs are critical for the analysis of local injury mechanisms. These metrics are challenging to measure experimentally and demonstrate an important advantage of HBMs. The objective of this study is to evaluate the injury risk predictive power of localized metrics to predict the risk of pelvic fracture in a FE HBM. The Global Human Body Models Consortium (GHBMC) 50th percentile detailed male model (v4.3) was used for this study. Cross-sectional and cortical bone surface instrumentation was implemented in the GHBMC pelvis. Lateral impact FE simulations were performed using input data from tests performed on post mortem human subjects (PMHS). Predictive power of the FE force and strain outputs on localized fracture risk was evaluated using the receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. The ROC curve analysis showed moderate predictive power for the superior pubic ramus and sacrum. Additionally, cross-sectional force was compared to a range of percentile outputs of maximum principal, minimum principal, and effective cortical element strains. From this analysis it was determined that cross-sectional force was the best predictor of localized pelvic fracture.

Comparative Studies of Dummy and Human Body Models Behavior in Frontal and Lateral Impact Conditions

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pascal Baudrit ◽  
Jean Hamon ◽  
Eric Song ◽  
St\aephane Robin ◽  
Jean-Yves Le Coz
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Comparative Studies ◽  
Lateral Impact ◽  
Human Body Models
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