scholarly journals Postpartum Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES): Three Case Reports and Literature Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleonora Marcoccia ◽  
Maria Grazia Piccioni ◽  
Michele Carlo Schiavi ◽  
Vanessa Colagiovanni ◽  
Ilaria Zannini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Neurological Sequelae ◽  
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy ◽  
Acute Changes ◽  
Reversible Encephalopathy

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome is a rare complication generally associated with headache and acute changes in blood pressure. Delay in the diagnosis and treatment may result in death or in irreversible neurological sequelae. We present three cases of PRES occurring in young women during puerperium. We report a literature review ranged from January 1990 to June 2015 describing clinical features, diagnostic and medical approach, and maternal outcome.

scholarly journals Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome associated with the use of chemotherapeutic agents: a rare complication after treatment with vinorelbine

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. e229319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ines Gil ◽  
Filipa Serrazina ◽  
Miguel Pinto ◽  
Miguel Viana-Baptista
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome ◽  
Grey Matter ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy ◽  
Parietal Lobes ◽  
Reversible Encephalopathy ◽  
Visual Disturbances

The posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a clinicoradiological syndrome characterised by a combination of headache, encephalopathy, seizures and visual disturbances, associated with high-intensity abnormalities on T2-weighted images affecting subcortical white and grey matter of the occipital and parietal lobes. Among other causes, PRES has been associated with the use of several medications including chemotherapeutic agents. Here we report a case of a 65-year-old patient with squamous cell carcinoma of the lung treated with cisplatin/vinorelbine. Following the second administration of vinorelbine, she was admitted to the hospital for a generalised seizure. Blood pressure was just slightly elevated and, except for drowsiness, she had a near-normal neurological examination. MRI corroborated the diagnosis. Vinorelbine-induced PRES has been reported only once in the literature, also in association with cisplatin. Our case underlines the role of vinorelbine and suggests that its association with cisplatin in this setting may enhance the risk of PRES.

scholarly journals Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome due to High Dose Corticosteroids for an MS Relapse

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah A. Morrow ◽  
Robina Rana ◽  
Donald Lee ◽  
Terri Paul ◽  
Jeffrey L. Mahon
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Oral Prednisone ◽  
Medical Attention ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy ◽  
History Of ◽  
Mri Changes ◽  
Reversible Encephalopathy

Increased blood pressure is a known adverse effect associated with corticosteroids but little is published regarding the risk with the high doses used in multiple sclerosis (MS). A 53-year-old female with known relapsing remitting MS presented with a new brainstem relapse. Standard of care treatment for an acute MS relapse, 1250 mg of oral prednisone for 5 days, was initiated. She developed an occipital headache and dizziness and felt generally unwell. These symptoms persisted after treatment was complete. On presentation to medical attention, her blood pressure was 199/110 mmHg, although she had no history of hypertension. MRI changes were consistent with posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES), demonstrating abnormal T2 signal in both thalami, the posterior occipital and posterior parietal white matter with mild sulcal effacement. As her pressure normalized with medication, her symptoms resolved and the MRI changes improved. No secondary cause of hypertension was found. This is the first reported case of PRES secondary to high dose corticosteroid use for an MS relapse without a history of hypertension and with no other secondary cause of hypertension identified. This rare complication should be considered in MS patients presenting with a headache or other neurological symptoms during treatment for a relapse.

Republished: Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome with thalamic involvement during vasopressor treatment of vertebrobasilar vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. e45-e45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Philip Madaelil ◽  
Rajat Dhar
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome ◽  
Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Delayed Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Medical Intervention ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy ◽  
Reversible Encephalopathy

Hemodynamic augmentation is the primary medical intervention employed to reverse neurological deficits associated with vasospasm and delayed cerebral ischemia following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Failure to improve despite induced hypertension (IH) may raise concern for persistent hypoperfusion and prompt even more aggressive blood pressure augmentation. However, posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a hyperperfusion syndrome reported as a rare complication of IH that may confound this picture. We report a case of PRES with prominent thalamic involvement and impaired level of consciousness secondary to blood pressure augmentation for the treatment of symptomatic vertebrobasilar vasospasm. Recognition of this syndrome in distinction to worsening ischemia is particularly critical, as normalization of blood pressure should lead to rapid clinical improvement.

scholarly journals A rare case of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in a patient with severe leptospirosis complicated with rhabdomyolysis and acute kidney injury; a case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jayawardane Pathiranage Roneesha Lakmali ◽  
Kanapathipillei Thirumavalavan ◽  
Danapala Dissanayake
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Blood Pressure Control ◽  
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome ◽  
Vision Loss ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Pressure Control ◽  
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Involvement ◽  
Reversible Encephalopathy

Abstract Background Leptospirosis is a zoonotic spirochetal disease caused by Leptospira interrogans. The clinical presentation ranges from an asymptomatic state to a fatal multiorgan dysfunction. Neurological manifestations including aseptic meningitis, spinal cord and peripheral nerve involvement, cranial neuropathies and cerebellar syndrome are well recognized with varying frequencies among patients with this disease. Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome is a very rare occurrence in leptospirosis and only two cases are reported in the medical literature up to now. We report a case of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in a patient with leptospirosis with rhabdomyolysis and acute kidney injury. Case presentation A 21 year-old male presented with fever and oliguric acute kidney injury with rhabdomyolysis. A diagnosis of leptospirosis was made and he was being managed according to the standard practice together with regular hemodialysis. The clinical condition was improving gradually. On day 8 of the illness, he developed headache and sudden painless complete bilateral vision loss followed by several brief generalized tonic clonic seizure attacks. Examination was significant for a Glasgow Coma Scale of 14/15, blood pressure of 150/90 mmHg and complete bilateral blindness. The findings of magnetic resonance imaging of the brain were compatible with posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome. He was managed with blood pressure control and antiepileptics with supportive measures and standard treatment for leptospirosis and made a complete recovery. Conclusion Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome, though very rare with leptospirosis, should be considered as a differential diagnosis in a patient with new onset visual symptoms and seizures, especially during the immune phase. Optimal supportive care together with careful blood pressure control and seizure management would yield a favourable outcome in this reversible entity.

scholarly journals Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome due to COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-145
Author(s):  
Maythem Abdulhassan Al-Kaisy
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome ◽  
Neurological Symptoms ◽  
Normal Blood Pressure ◽  
Blurred Vision ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy ◽  
Medical Background ◽  
Neurological Finding ◽  
Reversible Encephalopathy

Objective: During the late 2019, a group of patients had unexplained chest infections in Wuhan which turned out to be the new pandemic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). New neurological symptoms have been reported in COVID-19 patients. Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a new neurological finding and is associated or caused by COVID-19. Case Presentation: A 32-year-old lady, with no medical background had COVID-19 infection and needed mechanical ventilation. After surviving the intensive care, she started to have multiple seizures that required general anesthesia to be aborted. The patient turned out to have PRES. Conclusion: PRES is a neurological syndrome causing seizures, headaches, and blurred vision. It is usually associated with high blood pressure, renal failure, and other risk factors. The patient in this case had nearly normal blood pressure, but still had a diagnosis of PRES. The new reported neurological symptoms associated with COVID-19 infection need further research and attention from the academic society to predict and prevent the morbidity and mortality of COVID-19 patients.

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