scholarly journals Emergency Evacuation Simulation and Optimization for a Complex Rail Transit Station: A Perspective of Promoting Transportation Safety

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Xu ◽  
Cheng Tian ◽  
Yang Li
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Emergency Evacuation ◽  
Transportation Safety ◽  
Rail Transit ◽  
Evacuation Simulation ◽  
Emergency Evacuations ◽  
Simulation And Optimization ◽  
Transit Station ◽  
Evacuation Routes

Rail transit stations with multifloor structures have been built in many cities to intensively utilize land resources and facilitate lives of community. However, being overcrowded with passengers results in high risks during daily operation. In response, this study conducted an emergency evacuation simulation and optimization in the three-dimensional (3D) space of “complex rail transit stations” (CRTSs). The aim of the paper is to provide a methodology to determine effective emergency evacuation strategies for CRTSs. The Lianglukou Rail Transit Station in Chongqing, China, was used as a case study and the AnyLogic simulation platform employed for simulating emergency evacuations. An emergency evacuation theoretical framework was established. The emergency evacuation strategies, including evacuation routes and evacuation times, were determined based on the theoretical demonstration. Simulation and optimization of emergency evacuation in the Lianglukou station were conducted. Accordingly, four main simulation results were obtained: (1) Escalators/stairs and turnstiles are key facilities in the evacuation; (2) Effective guidance for the evacuation is necessary in the public space of the station; (3) Passenger aggregation nodes should be guided for balanced evacuation; (4) Removing metal barriers is a useful evacuation optimization measure. The proposed research method and framework can be used by other CRTSs in the establishment of emergency evacuation strategies and effective optimization strategies to promote safety of transportation system. The research findings are beneficial to passengers in helping them provide valuable emergency evacuation guidance.

scholarly journals Simulation of Emergency Evacuation in a metro-rail transit station

2019 ◽  
Vol 304 ◽  
pp. 032016
Author(s):  
Akter Gulanur ◽  
Cheng Tian ◽  
Qing Xie ◽  
Hosen Md. Shawkat ◽  
Dong Liu
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Evacuation ◽  
Rail Transit ◽  
Transit Station

Earthquake evacuation simulation of multi-story buildings during earthquakes

2020 ◽  
pp. 875529302095735
Author(s):  
Jun He
Keyword(s):  
Structural Damage ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Emergency Evacuation ◽  
Dynamics Simulation ◽  
Earthquake Excitation ◽  
Evacuation Simulation ◽  
Pedestrian Dynamics ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Damage Processes ◽  
Random Vibration Analysis

Through combining a network-based pedestrian dynamics simulation model, simplified probabilistic structural damage assessment, and structural random vibration analysis, a fully random evacuation model is proposed for simulating and analyzing earthquake evacuation processes of multi-story buildings during earthquakes. The model simplifies the simulation of three-dimensional pedestrian dynamics, couples the emergency evacuation processes and damage processes of structures, and takes into account the randomness of pedestrian dynamics, structural damage, and earthquake excitation. The model can be used for the fast pre-evaluation or evaluation of the earthquake evacuation capabilities of multi-story buildings. The simulation and analysis of the earthquake evacuation process of a three-story office building, in which a total of 60 persons work in the first and second stories, illustrates the effectiveness and implementation of the proposed model.

Emergency Evacuations in Disasters

1991 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 463-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralph B. Leonard
Keyword(s):  
Human Behavior ◽  
Disaster Planning ◽  
Geographic Area ◽  
Emergency Evacuation ◽  
Stressful Situation ◽  
Essential Ingredient ◽  
Emergency Evacuations ◽  
Evacuation Routes ◽  
Mass Evacuation

AbstractSome disasters produce circumstances that require the emergency removal of some or all of the citizens from a geographic area. Emergency or mass evacuation can be divided into immediate evacuation, in which the citizens are given no warning of their need to evacuate, and potential evacuation, in which citizens are given time (usually a day or two) to evacuate. The mass evacuation aspect of disaster planning frequently is neglected, but must be planned in detail. An essential ingredient of a plan is the designation of a person who has the authority to order an evacuation and that that person or an authorized alternate, is available instantly 24 hours a day. The plans should identify likely scenarios which could require emergency evacuation for a given community requiring, means of communicating with the citizens, evacuation routes, evacuation mechanisms, and shelter arrangements. All plans need to take into account human behavior during such a stressful situation.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis and Pedestrian Simulation Evaluation on Emergency Evacuation Test Methods for Urban Rail Transit Stations

1970 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 535-542
Author(s):  
Zijia Wang ◽  
Feng Chen ◽  
Xiaohong Li
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Evacuation ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Urban Rail Transit ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Rail Transit ◽  
Survey Analysis ◽  
Evacuation Simulation ◽  
Time Calculation ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Pedestrian Simulation

The emergency evacuation test method of rail transit station not only affects the operation safety of the station, but it also has significant influence on the scale and cost of the station. A reasonable test method should guarantee both the safety of evacuation and that the investment is neither excessive nor too conservative. The paper compares and analyzes the differences of the existing emergency evacuation test methods of rail stations in China and other regions on the evacuation load, evacuation time calculation and the capacity of egress components, etc. Based on the field survey analysis, the desired velocity distribution of pedestrians in various station facilities and the capacity of egress components have been obtained, and then the parameters of pedestrian simulation tool were calibrated. By selecting a station for the case study, an evacuation simulation model has been established, where five evacuation scenarios have been set according to different specifications and the simulation results have been carefully analyzed. Through analyzing the simulation results, some modification proposals of the current emergency evacuation test method in the design manual have been considered, including taking into account the section passenger volume, walking time on escalators and stairs of the platform, and the condition in which the escalator most critical to evacuation should be considered as out of service.

scholarly journals Design and testing of a dynamic reactive signage network towards fire emergency evacuations

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 5853
Author(s):  
Christopher S. Baidal ◽  
Nestor X. Arreaga ◽  
Vladimir Sanchez Padilla
Keyword(s):  
Computer Vision ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Emergency Evacuation ◽  
Dijkstra Algorithm ◽  
Emergency Evacuations ◽  
Integration Of Technology ◽  
Evacuation Routes ◽  
Evacuation Route ◽  
Design And Testing ◽  
Evacuation System

The loss of several lives happens in events of natural disasters, due to the strength of nature or the static evacuation routes that usually directs towards a unique exit pathway. This paper proposes the integration of technology tools such as servers and open-source sensors into a reactive signage network to provide an updated and dynamical emergency evacuation system focusing specifically on fire situations. This pilot project works using microcontrollers that capture and manages into a server the surrounding information, setting evacuation routes and behaving according to the Dijkstra algorithm allowing the identification of obstacles or possible incidents that occur spontaneously during an evacuation. This process sends updates to the server either the evacuation route keeps the same or if a modification is required based on the information provided by the sensors about different areas, warning the shortest path for evacuation using computer vision support.

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