scholarly journals Application of PET Imaging in the Brain Regions of the Emotional Control Loop in Patients with Generalized Anxiety Disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Jing Li ◽  
Wenjun Ouyang
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Pet Imaging ◽  
Uptake Rate ◽  
Emotional Control ◽  
Generalized Anxiety ◽  
Control Loop ◽  
18F Fdg ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Uptake And Metabolism

Objective. This study uses PET imaging to observe the uptake and metabolism of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) in the multibrain areas of the emotional control loop in patients with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and investigate the brain of GAD patient’s functional abnormality mechanism. Methods. The thesis clinically collected 20 GAD patients and 20 healthy subjects. Dynamic PET-CT scans were used. At the same time, 18F-FDG whole-brain uptake and metabolism data were collected. Image fusion and semiquantitative analysis were used to measure emotional control loops. The maximum standard uptake value (SUVmax) and dynamic uptake and metabolic changes of 11 time points in the brain area at 150 min were measured. Results. Compared with the healthy control group, the peak uptake of the bilateral prefrontal cortex and the average uptake rate before the peak in GAD patients were significantly reduced ( P < 0.05 ), and the average metabolic rate after the peak was significantly increased ( P < 0.05 ). The peak uptake of the left striatum and the left hippocampus, the average uptake rate before the peak, and the average metabolic rate after the peak were all significantly reduced ( P < 0.05 ); There were no obvious changes in the three indexes of the right striatum and the right hippocampus. Conclusion. There are 18F-FDG uptake and metabolic disorders in multiple brain areas of the affective control loop of GAD patients. The abnormal peak and rate of uptake may be related to the pathogenesis of GAD.

Pilot Study: Texture Analysis of PET Imaging Demonstrates Changes in 18F-FDG Uptake of the Brain After Prophylactic Cranial Irradiation

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-38
Author(s):  
David M. Sawyer ◽  
Travis W. Sawyer ◽  
Naghmehossadat Eshghi ◽  
Charles Hsu ◽  
Russell J. Hamilton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Texture Analysis ◽  
Pet Imaging ◽  
Cranial Irradiation ◽  
Prophylactic Cranial Irradiation ◽  
Fdg Uptake ◽  
18F Fdg ◽  
The Brain

scholarly journals Relation Between Frontal Alpha Asymmetry and Anxiety in Young Patients with Generalized Anxiety Disorder

PRILOZI ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aneta Demerdzieva ◽  
Nada Pop-Jordanova
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Generalized Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Frontal Region ◽  
Generalized Anxiety ◽  
Alpha Power ◽  
Alpha Asymmetry ◽  
Eyes Closed ◽  
Frontal Alpha Asymmetry ◽  
Eyes Open ◽  
The Right

Abstract Frontal alpha asymmetry (the relative difference in power between two signals in different hemispheres) has been suggested as biomarker for anxiety. The goal of this study was to evaluate alpha asymmetry in the frontal region for young people (7-18 years) with generalized anxiety disorder, diagnosed according to two statistic manuals (DMS-IV-R and ICD-10), the medical history and the neuropsychological assessment. The QEEG recording and analysis of the obtained results from alpha spectra power and log of alpha spectra power are made in four conditions (eyes open, eyes closed, VCPT and ACPT). The obtained results for alpha power in general showed higher cortical activity in the right hemisphere, associated with negative emotions. The calculated alpha asymmetry separate for eyes open, eyes closed, VCPT and ACPT conditions showed the right activation in all four conditions. In addition, the right frontal asymmetry was specific for the Fp1-Fp2 region, while a greater left frontal activation was recorded for the F7-F8 region. The log of alpha power in general was additionally analyzed. The calculated asymmetry score in general (in a way that the left log transformed score was subtracted from the right) confirmed a greater right activation. Testing the power of the whole alpha band (μV2) in general, for all four conditions and for frontal region confirmed the right alpha asymmetries in all participants. The right alpha asymmetry in the frontal region was specific only for the Fp1-Fp2 region (frontopolar region). The only greater left frontal activation was registered between the F7-F8 region. Our findings are supported by many other studies using specific localization methods like fMRI or LORETA source localization.

Abnormalities in gray and white matter volumes associated with explicit memory dysfunction in patients with generalized anxiety disorder

2016 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 353-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chung-Man Moon ◽  
Gwang-Woo Jeong
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Generalized Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Explicit Memory ◽  
Generalized Anxiety ◽  
Structural Abnormality ◽  
Precentral Gyrus ◽  
Memory Dysfunction ◽  
Whole Brain ◽  
The Brain

Background The neuroanatomical abnormalities associated with behavioral dysfunction on explicit memory in patients generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) have not yet been clearly identified. Purpose To investigate the regional gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM) volume alterations over the whole brain in patients with GAD, as well as the correlation between the brain structural abnormality and explicit memory dysfunction. Material and Methods Twenty patients with GAD and 20 healthy controls matched for age, sex, and education level underwent high-resolution T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The participants performed the explicit memory tasks with the neutral and anxiety-inducing words. Results Patients with GAD showed significantly reduced GM volumes in the midbrain (MB), thalamus, hippocampus (Hip), insula, and superior temporal gyrus (STG); and reduced WM volumes in the MB, anterior limb of the internal capsule (ALIC), dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), and precentral gyrus (PrG). It is important to note that the GM volume of the Hip and the WM volume of the DLPFC were positively correlated with the recognition accuracy (%) in the explicit memory tasks with neutral and anxiety-inducing words, respectively. On the other hand, the WM volume of the PrG was negatively correlated with the reaction time in the same memory tasks. Conclusion This study demonstrated the regional volume changes on whole-brain GM and WM and the correlation between the brain structural alteration and explicit memory dysfunction in GAD patients. These findings would be helpful to understand the association between the brain structure abnormality and the functional deficit in the explicit memory in GAD.

scholarly journals Aplicación de apoyo para jóvenes universitarios con trastorno de ansiedad generalizada

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 4848-4854
Author(s):  
Blanca Leticia Guerra Morales ◽  
Mauricio Ricardo Melchor Andrade ◽  
Diego Ulises Martínez Aguilar ◽  
Octavio Salud Ortiz Ortiz
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Young People ◽  
Cell Phone ◽  
Cognitive Restructuring ◽  
Psychiatric Epidemiology ◽  
Generalized Anxiety ◽  
Initial Test ◽  
Software Application ◽  
La Red ◽  
The Brain

RESUMEN Según datos de la última Encuesta Nacional de Epidemiología Psiquiátrica, la ansiedad afecta a 14.3% de la población (2018). El trastorno de ansiedad generalizada se desarrolla lentamente, y suele iniciar en la adolescencia o poco tiempo después de ésta. La finalidad del proyecto es proporcionar ayuda a jóvenes que sufren ataques de ansiedad y encontrar alguna alternativa para controlar dicho trastorno. El producto es una aplicación de software con diversos recursos, como lo son imágenes, videos y audios, que serán seleccionados de acuerdo a un test inicial con el que se pretende obtener una manera óptima de afrontar los ataques de ansiedad. Se busca que la aplicación sea accesible y esté siempre su material disponible en el celular (independientemente de si la persona tiene acceso a la red o no), el cual deberá contar con al menos Android 6. No se pretende reemplazar al especialista, sino acompañar a la persona en su proceso de reincorporación a una vida normal por medio de la reestructuración cognitiva, la cual se refiere al entrenamiento del cerebro para que aquello que hace que la ansiedad y sus molestos síntomas disminuya.   ABSTRACT According to data from the latest National Psychiatric Epidemiology Survey, anxiety affects 14.3% of the population (2018). Generalized anxiety disorder develops slowly, usually starting in adolescence or shortly after adolescence. The aim of the project is to provide help to young people suffering from anxiety attacks and to find some alternative to control such disorder. The product is a software application with various resources, such as images, videos and audios, which will be selected according to an initial test with which it is intended to obtain an optimal way to deal with anxiety attacks. The application is intended to be accessible and its material is always available on the cell phone (regardless of whether the person has access to the network or not), which must have at least Android 6. It is not intended to replace the specialist, but to accompany the person in the process of reincorporation to a normal life through cognitive restructuring, which refers to the training of the brain so that what makes anxiety and its annoying symptoms diminish.

Functional neuroanatomy associated with the interaction between emotion and cognition in explicit memory tasks in patients with generalized anxiety disorder

2016 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chung-Man Moon ◽  
Jong-Chul Yang ◽  
Gwang-Woo Jeong
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Generalized Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Explicit Memory ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Blood Oxygenation ◽  
Generalized Anxiety ◽  
Precentral Gyrus ◽  
Functional Neuroanatomy ◽  
The Brain

Background The functional neuroanatomy for explicit memory in conjunction with the major anxiety symptoms in patients with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) has not yet been clearly identified. Purpose To investigate the brain activation patterns on the interaction between emotional and cognitive function during the explicit memory tasks, as well as its correlation with clinical characteristics in GAD. Material and Methods The participants comprised GAD patients and age-matched healthy controls. The fMR images were obtained while the participants performed an explicit memory task with neutral and anxiety-inducing words. Results Patients showed significantly decreased functional activities in the putamen, head of the caudate nucleus, hippocampus, and middle cingulate gyrus during the memory tasks with the neutral and anxiety-inducing words, whereas the precentral gyrus and ventrolateral prefrontal cortex were significantly increased only in the memory tasks with the anxiety-inducing words. Also, the blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) signal changes in the hippocampus were positively correlated with the recognition accuracy for both neutral and anxiety-inducing words. Conclusion This study identified the brain areas associated with the interaction between emotional regulation and cognitive function in the explicit memory tasks in patients with GAD. These findings would be helpful to understand the neural mechanism on the explicit memory-related cognitive deficits and emotional dysfunction with GAD symptoms.

White-matter abnormalities in the right posterior hemisphere in generalized anxiety disorder: a diffusion imaging study

2011 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 427-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Brambilla ◽  
G. Como ◽  
M. Isola ◽  
F. Taboga ◽  
R. Zuliani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Generalized Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Parietal Cortex ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Diffusion Imaging ◽  
Generalized Anxiety ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Apparent Diffusion Coefficients ◽  
The Right

BackgroundPrior imaging studies have shown structural, functional and biochemical impairments in patients with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), particularly in the right hemisphere. In this study we investigated, for the first time to the best of our knowledge, the white-matter microstructure organization in GAD.MethodA total of 12 patients with DSM-IV GAD and 15 matched healthy controls underwent a magnetic resonance imaging session of diffusion weighted imaging, exploring white-matter water molecules by the means of apparent diffusion coefficients (ADCs). Regions of interests were placed in the frontal, parietal, temporal and occipital lobes and in the splenium and genu of the corpus callosum, bilaterally.ResultsADC measures were significantly greater in patients with GAD in the right splenium and right parietal cortex compared with healthy controls (p⩽0.002). No significant correlations between ADCs and age or clinical variables were found.ConclusionsWe provide evidence that GAD is associated with disrupted white-matter coherence of posterior right hemisphere regions, which may partly sustain the impaired cognitive regulation of anxiety. Future diffusion imaging investigations are expected to better elucidate the communication between the parietal cortex and other right hemisphere regions in sustaining the cognitive processing of social and emotional stimuli in patients with GAD.

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