scholarly journals Amisulprida una nueva profilaxis contra las náuseas y vómitos postoperatorios: una revisión de la literatura

2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-43
Author(s):  
Cecilia Ignacia Gonzalez Almonacid ◽  
Karime Sabat Sarras ◽  
Maria Jesus Garchitorena
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Nausea ◽  
Postoperative Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Google Scholar ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Postoperative Vomiting

Introducción: las náuseas y vómitos postoperatorios (PONV) son una complicación postoperatoria común de la anestesia, por lo que la búsqueda de nuevas profilaxis efectivas ha aumentado durante los últimos años, en este contexto se perfila como una opción efectiva el amisulprida, antipsicótico que actúa bloqueando los receptores dopaminérgicos D2 y D3, en dosis bajas. Métodos: se realizó una búsqueda en bases de datos establecidas como: Pubmed, Embase, Google Scholar, Medline y la Cochrane central registed of controlled trials. Con las siguientes definiciones clave: “NV” or “postoperative nausea and vomiting” or “postoperative nausea” or “postoperative vomiting” and “Amisulpride” or “APD421”, con el fin de cumplir el objetivo general de verificar la efectividad de amisulprida como medicamento profiláctico en manejo de PONV. Resultados: se evaluaron 3 estudios multicéntricos randomizados controlados, con alto grado de confiabilidad y buena calidad metodológica. Se evidencia que el amisulprida es un medicamento profiláctico efectivo contra PONV y con buen perfil de seguridad. Discusión/Conclusión: el amisulprida es un medicamento profiláctico eficaz para prevención de PONV, en dosis óptima de 5 mg, administrado durante el intraoperatorio de cirugías electivas en que se utilice anestesia general en pacientes de moderado a alto riesgo de PONV según escala de Apfel.

scholarly journals Comparison of Ondansetron and Dexamethasone for Prophylaxis of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting in Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Surgeries: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Souvik Maitra ◽  
Anirban Som ◽  
Dalim K. Baidya ◽  
Sulagna Bhattacharjee
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Nausea ◽  
Randomized Trials ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Postoperative Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Postoperative Vomiting ◽  
Pubmed Central ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Equal Efficacy

Background.Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a significant complication after laparoscopic surgeries. Ondansetron and dexamethasone are most commonly used drugs for PONV prophylaxis. Comparisons of these two drugs have not been systematically reviewed till date.Methods.PubMed, PubMed Central, and CENTRAL databases were searched with the following words: “dexamethasone,” “ondansetron,” “laparoscopy,” and “PONV” to identify randomized trials that compared ondansetron and dexamethasone for PONV prophylaxis after laparoscopic surgeries.Results.Data of 592 patients from 7 RCTs have been included in this meta-analysis. Incidence of postoperative nausea at 4–6 h is significantly lower when dexamethasone was used instead of ondansetron (p=0.04; OR 0.49, 95% CI 0.24–0.98, M-H fixed). Incidence of nausea is similar at 24 hours (p=0.08, OR 0.71, 95% CI 0.48, 1.05; M-H fixed); vomiting is also similar at 4–6 h (p=0.43, OR 1.27, 95% CI 0.70–2.27; M-H fixed) and also at 24 h (p=0.46, OR 0.92, 95% CI 0.73, 1.16; M-H fixed).Conclusion.Dexamethasone is superior to ondansetron in preventing postoperative nausea after 4–6 h of laparoscopic surgeries. However, both the drugs are of equal efficacy in preventing postoperative vomiting up to 24 h after surgery. However, results should be interpreted with caution due to clinical heterogeneity in the included studies.

Omission of Nitrous Oxide during Anesthesia Reduces the Incidence of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting

1996 ◽  
Vol 85 (5) ◽  
pp. 1055-1062 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jigeeshu V. Divatia ◽  
Jayant S. Vaidya ◽  
Rajendra A. Badwe ◽  
Rohini W. Hawaldar
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Subgroup Analysis ◽  
Postoperative Nausea ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Postoperative Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Maximal Effect ◽  
Randomized Controlled

Background Postoperative nausea and vomiting are important causes of morbidity after general anesthesia. Nitrous oxide has been implicated as an emetogenic agent in many studies. However, several other trials have failed to sustain this claim. The authors tried to resolve this issue through a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials comparing the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting after anesthesia with or without nitrous oxide. Methods Of 37 published studies retrieved by a search of articles indexed on the MEDLINE database from 1966 to 1994, 24 studies (26 trials) with distinct nitrous-oxide and non-nitrous oxide groups were eligible for the meta-analysis. The pooled odds ratio and relative risk were calculated. Post boc subgroup analysis was also performed to qualify the result. Results The pooled odds ratio was 0.63 (0.53 to 0.75). Omission of nitrous oxide reduced the risk for postoperative nausea and vomiting by 28% (18% to 37%). In the subgroup analysis, the maximal effect of omission of nitrous oxide was seen in female patients. In patients undergoing abdominal surgery and general surgical procedures, the effect of omission of nitrous oxide, although in the same direction, was not significant. Conclusion Omission of nitrous oxide reduced the odds of postoperative nausea and vomiting by 37%, a reduction in risk of 28%.

COMPARISON OF EFFECTIVENESS AMONG ONDANSETRON, PALONOSETRON AND GRANISETRON IN PREVENTING POSTOPERATIVE NAUSEAAND VOMITING FOLLOWING LAPAROSCOPIC CHOLECYSTECTOMY

2021 ◽  
pp. 65-67
Author(s):  
Amrit Ghosh ◽  
Arabinda Mazumdar ◽  
Sujan Sarkar ◽  
Ashim Mandal ◽  
Debarshi Jana
Keyword(s):  
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy ◽  
Postoperative Nausea ◽  
Postoperative Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Postoperative Vomiting ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Effective Prophylaxis ◽  
Elective Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy ◽  
Comparison Of Effectiveness ◽  
Double Blinded

Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) has been variously described as the “big little problem” the “nal therapeutic challenge” for anaesthesiology. The commonest cause of morbidity after anaesthesia and surgery are pain and postoperative nausea vomiting 1. To compare the incidences of PONV following laparoscopic cholecyetectomy in different groups of patients receiving ondansetron, palonosetron and Granisetron. 2. To identify the better strategy for prevention of PONV. This is a prospective randomized double blinded clinical study. Both patient and observer were blinded to the group allocation. Allocations to three groups were strictly condential and concealed. One and half year (18 months). Patients undergoing elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy under General Anaesthesia at General Surgery operation theatres of Bankura Sammilani Medical College and Hospital, Bankura The effects of palonosetron, granisetron and ondansetron in preventing PONV (postoperative nausea vomiting) were compared in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy and it was found that palonosetron was best and granisetron better in comparison with ondansetron in preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting. Palonosetron provides more effective prophylaxis of early PON (postoperative nausea), late PON (postoperative nausea), and late POV (postoperative vomiting) compared with granisetron and ondansetron. Palonosetron could provide effective prophylactic antiemetic control to prevent PONVafter laparoscopic cholecystectomy surgery under general anesthesia.

Preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting: post hoc analysis of pooled data from two randomized active-controlled trials of aprepitant

2007 ◽  
Vol 23 (10) ◽  
pp. 2559-2565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Diemunsch ◽  
Christian Apfel ◽  
Tong J. Gan ◽  
Keith Candiotti ◽  
Beverly K. Philip ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Nausea ◽  
Postoperative Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Post Hoc Analysis ◽  
Pooled Data ◽  
Post Hoc
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