Colonic Microbiota Promote Antitumor Immunity in Colorectal Cancer

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Antitumor Immunity ◽  
Colonic Microbiota

scholarly journals Immunomodulation by Inflammation during Liver and Gastrointestinal Tumorigenesis and Aging

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 2238
Author(s):  
Nao Nagai ◽  
Yotaro Kudo ◽  
Daisuke Aki ◽  
Hayato Nakagawa ◽  
Koji Taniguchi
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Antitumor Immunity ◽  
Suppressor Cells ◽  
Treg Cells ◽  
Cytotoxic T Cell ◽  
Myeloid Derived Suppressor Cells ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Immunosuppressive Tumor Microenvironment ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

Chronic inflammation is thought to promote tumorigenesis and metastasis by several mechanisms, such as affecting tumor cells directly, establishing a tumor-supporting microenvironment, enhancing tumor angiogenesis, and suppressing antitumor immunity. In this review, we discuss the recent advances in our understanding of how inflammation induces the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, such as increasing the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and immunosuppressive molecules, inducing immune checkpoint molecules and cytotoxic T-cell exhaustion, and accumulating regulatory T (Treg) cells and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). The suppression of antitumor immunity by inflammation is especially examined in the liver and colorectal cancer. In addition, chronic inflammation is induced during aging and causes age-related diseases, including cancer, by affecting immunity. Therefore, we also discuss the age-related diseases regulated by inflammation, especially in the liver and colon.

Orally administered streptococcal preparation, OK-432 augments the antitumor immunity of patients with gastric or colorectal cancer

Biotherapy ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshinori Nio ◽  
Kazuhisa Ohgaki ◽  
Toshiharu Tsuchitani ◽  
Shiro Imai ◽  
Takahiro Shiraishi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Antitumor Immunity ◽  
Streptococcal Preparation

scholarly journals Leveraging Existing 16S rRNA Gene Surveys To Identify Reproducible Biomarkers in Individuals with Colorectal Tumors

mBio ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc A. Sze ◽  
Patrick D. Schloss
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Random Forest ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Tumor Diagnosis ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Modeling Framework ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Colonic Microbiota

ABSTRACTAn increasing body of literature suggests that both individual and collections of bacteria are associated with the progression of colorectal cancer. As the number of studies investigating these associations increases and the number of subjects in each study increases, a meta-analysis to identify the associations that are the most predictive of disease progression is warranted. We analyzed previously published 16S rRNA gene sequencing data collected from feces and colon tissue. We quantified the odds ratios (ORs) for individual bacterial taxa that were associated with an individual having tumors relative to a normal colon. Among the fecal samples, there were no taxa that had significant ORs associated with adenoma and there were 8 taxa with significant ORs associated with carcinoma. Similarly, among the tissue samples, there were no taxa that had a significant OR associated with adenoma and there were 3 taxa with significant ORs associated with carcinoma. Among the significant ORs, the association between individual taxa and tumor diagnosis was equal to or below 7.11. Because individual taxa had limited association with tumor diagnosis, we trained Random Forest classification models using only the taxa that had significant ORs, using the entire collection of taxa found in each study, and using operational taxonomic units defined based on a 97% similarity threshold. All training approaches yielded similar classification success as measured using the area under the curve. The ability to correctly classify individuals with adenomas was poor, and the ability to classify individuals with carcinomas was considerably better using sequences from feces or tissue.IMPORTANCEColorectal cancer is a significant and growing health problem in which animal models and epidemiological data suggest that the colonic microbiota have a role in tumorigenesis. These observations indicate that the colonic microbiota is a reservoir of biomarkers that may improve our ability to detect colonic tumors using noninvasive approaches. This meta-analysis identifies and validates a set of 8 bacterial taxa that can be used within a Random Forest modeling framework to differentiate individuals as having normal colons or carcinomas. When models trained using one data set were tested on other data sets, the models performed well. These results lend support to the use of fecal biomarkers for the detection of tumors. Furthermore, these biomarkers are plausible candidates for further mechanistic studies into the role of the gut microbiota in tumorigenesis.

The E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Asb2α in T Helper 2 Cells Negatively Regulates Antitumor Immunity in Colorectal Cancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 1332-1344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camille A. Spinner ◽  
Isabelle Lamsoul ◽  
Arnaud Métais ◽  
Chanaëlle Febrissy ◽  
Christel Moog-Lutz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Ubiquitin Ligase ◽  
Antitumor Immunity ◽  
E3 Ubiquitin Ligase ◽  
T Helper ◽  
T Helper 2

Abstract 4489: IL-10 blockade reactivates antitumor immunity in human colorectal cancer liver metastases

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin M. Sullivan ◽  
Xiuyun Jiang ◽  
Yongwoo David Seo ◽  
Heidi L. Kenerson ◽  
Xiaowei Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Liver Metastases ◽  
Antitumor Immunity ◽  
Human Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastases

scholarly journals Influence of Iron on the Gut Microbiota in Colorectal Cancer

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2512
Author(s):  
Oliver Phipps ◽  
Hafid O. Al-Hassi ◽  
Mohammed N. Quraishi ◽  
Aditi Kumar ◽  
Matthew J. Brookes
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Iron Acquisition ◽  
Iron Concentration ◽  
Toxin Production ◽  
Iron Therapy ◽  
Oncogenic Signaling ◽  
Colonic Microbiota ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Patients ◽  
Carcinogenic Metabolite

Perturbations of the colonic microbiota can contribute to the initiation and progression of colorectal cancer, leading to an increase in pathogenic bacteria at the expense of protective bacteria. This can contribute to disease through increasing carcinogenic metabolite/toxin production, inducing inflammation, and activating oncogenic signaling. To limit disease progression, external factors that may influence the colonic microbiota need to be considered in patients with colorectal cancer. One major factor that can influence the colonic microbiota is iron. Iron is an essential micronutrient that is required by both prokaryotes and eukaryotes for cellular function. Most pathogenic bacteria have heightened iron acquisition mechanisms and therefore tend to outcompete protective bacteria for free iron. Colorectal cancer patients often present with anemia due to iron deficiency, and thus they require iron therapy. Depending upon the route of administration, iron therapy has the potential to contribute to a procarciongenic microbiota. Orally administered iron is the common treatment for anemia in these patients but can lead to an increased gut iron concentration. This suggests the need to reassess the route of iron therapy in these patients. Currently, this has only been assessed in murine studies, with human trials being necessary to unravel the potential microbial outcomes of iron therapy.

Vascular-targeted TNFα improves tumor blood vessel function and enhances antitumor immunity and chemotherapy in colorectal cancer

2015 ◽  
Vol 210 ◽  
pp. 134-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lan Lu ◽  
Zhi Jie Li ◽  
Long Fei Li ◽  
William Ka Kei Wu ◽  
Jing Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Blood Vessel ◽  
Antitumor Immunity ◽  
Tumor Blood Vessel

scholarly journals Neoantigen-based EpiGVAX vaccine initiates antitumor immunity in colorectal cancer

JCI Insight ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria M. Kim ◽  
Xingyi Pan ◽  
Kevin C. Soares ◽  
Nilofer S. Azad ◽  
Nita Ahuja ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Antitumor Immunity
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