Abstract IA15: Targeting tumor associated macrophages for anti-cancer therapy

Background: Essential oils are complex mixtures of low molecular weight compounds extracted from plants. Their main constituents are terpenes and phenylpropanoids, which are responsible for their biological and pharmaceutical properties, such as insecticidal, parasiticidal, antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antinociceptive, anticarcinogenic, and antitumor properties. Cancer is a complex genetic disease considered as a serious public health problem worldwide, accounting for more than 8 million deaths annually. Objective: The activities of prevention and treatment of different types of cancer and the medicinal potential of essential oils are addressed in this review. Conclusion: Several studies have demonstrated anti-carcinogenic and antitumor activity for many essential oils obtained from various plant species. They may be used as a substitution to or in addition to conventional anti-cancer therapy. Although many studies report possible mechanisms of action for essential oils compounds, more studies are necessary in order to apply them safely and appropriately in cancer therapy.

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Exploring Nanoemulsion for Liver Cancer Therapy

Current Cancer Therapy Reviews ◽

10.2174/1573394716666200302123336 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 (4) ◽

pp. 260-268

Author(s):

Tanmay Upadhyay ◽

Vaseem A. Ansari ◽

Usama Ahmad ◽

Nazneen Sultana ◽

Juber Akhtar

Keyword(s):

Cancer Therapy ◽

Liver Cancer ◽

Treatment Plan ◽

Chemotherapeutic Drugs ◽

Drug Delivery Vehicles ◽

Chronic Hepatitis B Virus ◽

Anti Cancer ◽

B Virus ◽

Delivery Vehicles ◽

Liquid Dosage Form

Cancer is a leading cause of mortality worldwide, accounting for 8.8 million deaths in 2015. Among these, at least 0.78 million people died of liver cancer alone. The recognized risk factors for liver cancer include chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, exposure to dietary aflatoxin, fatty liver disease, alcohol-induced cirrhosis, obesity, smoking, diabetes, and iron overload. The treatment plan for early diagnosed patients includes radiation therapy, tumour ablation, surgery, immunotherapy, and chemotherapy. Some sort of drug delivery vehicles has to be used when the treatment plan is targeted chemotherapy. Nanoemulsions are a class of biphasic liquid dosage form which are mixtures of oil and water stabilized by a surfactant. They are either transparent or bluish in hue and serve as a wonderful carrier system for chemotherapeutic drugs. These vehicles have a particle size in the range of 20-200 nm allowing them to be delivered successfully in the deepest of tissues. Recent publications on nanoemulsions reveal their acceptance and a popular choice for delivering both synthetic and herbal drugs to the liver. This work focuses on some anti-cancer agents that utilized the advantages of nanoemulsion for liver cancer therapy.

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DNA-drug Conjugates for Site-specific Delivery in Anti-cancer Therapy

Current Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine ◽

10.2174/1875692115666170208121925 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 68-73

Author(s):

Karimpanakkal C. Ajithkumar ◽

Kannissery Pramod

Keyword(s):

Cancer Therapy ◽

Site Specific ◽

Drug Conjugates ◽

Anti Cancer

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Delivery of systemic anti-cancer therapy during the COVID-19 pandemic

Irish Journal of Medical Science (1971 -) ◽

10.1007/s11845-021-02631-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Orla Fitzpatrick ◽

Roisin Ní Dhonaill ◽

Anna Linehan ◽

Zac Coyne ◽

Maeve Hennessy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cancer Therapy ◽

General Population ◽

Cancer Care ◽

Screening Process ◽

Symptom Questionnaire ◽

Treatment Review ◽

Anti Cancer ◽

System Changes ◽

Hospital Visits ◽

Telephone Screening

Abstract Background The first confirmed case of COVID-19 in Ireland was on February 29th 2020. From March until late April, the number of cases increased exponentially. The delivery of anti-cancer therapy during the COVID-19 pandemic was extremely challenging. In order to balance the benefits of continuing anti-cancer therapy with the associated increased hospital visits, combined with the risk of COVID-19 infection, we undertook a series of system changes in the delivery of cancer care. Methods Patients who attended our dayward over a 4-month period were included. Data were obtained from patient and chemotherapy prescribing records. Patients were screened for symptoms of COVID-19 at two separate timepoints: prior to their visit via telephone, and using a symptom questionnaire on arrival at the hospital. If patients displayed COVID-19 symptoms, they were isolated and a viral swab arranged. Results A total of 456 patients attended from January 1st to April 30th. The numbers of visits from January to April were 601, 586, 575, and 607, respectively. During this period, there were 2369 patient visits to the dayward and 1953 (82%) intravenous regimens administered. Of the 416 visits that did not lead to treatment, 114 (27%) were scheduled non-treatment review visits, 194 (47%) treatments were held due to disease-related illness, and 108 (26%) treatments were held due to treatment-related complications. Screening measurements were implemented on March 18th due to rising COVID-19 prevalence in the general population. Overall, 53 treatments were held due to the screening process: 19 patients (36%) elicited COVID-19 symptoms via telephone screening; 34 patients (64%) were symptomatic in our pre-assessment area and referred for swabs, of which 4 were positive. Those with a negative swab were rescheduled for chemotherapy the following week. Conclusions With careful systematic changes, safe and continued delivery of systemic anti-cancer therapy during the COVID-19 pandemic is possible.

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